1. Unit 1 Review

2. Intro

3. Native Americans Onondaga Central NY Part of Iroquois Confederation Navajo Arizona, Utah, New Mexico Largest Native American Nation in US Modoc Oregon, N California Villages individual, banded together in times of war Iroquois NE United States Formed Iroquois Confederation

4. Origin Myths The Earth on Turtle’s Back Onondaga When Grizzlies Walked Upright Modoc Iroquois Constitution Iroquois The Navajo Origin Legend Navajo

5. Iroquois Constitution Dekandawidah proposed a constitution to the 5 Iroquois nations. Made ritual for when candidate lord was installed. Said the leaders should be thick skinned – not easily offended. Said not to ignore warnings of others.

6. The Earth on Turtle’s Back Skyland chief’s wife expecting. Dream depicted removal of Great Tree- husband followed dream Wife fell through hole left by tree with seeds in hand Caught by swans; other marine animals determined she needed land. Duck, Beaver, Loon, Muskrat tried to dive and get ground from ocean floor. Only Muskrat succeeded; placed dirt on turtle’s back which became whole world. Woman planted seeds which grew into grass and trees.

7. When Grizzlies Walked Upright Carved hole in sky and pushed all snow and ice below til was Mount Shasta. Walked down mountain – from footsteps rivers formed. Where finger touched grew a tree. Broke giant stuck – longer became beaver and otter, smaller were fish. Largest were bears – walked upright. Brought family to earth, daughter disobeyed him and poked head out of smoke hole – wind dragged her away. Grizzlies found her and raised her. She had a family with the grizzlies who became Indians. Chief of Sky Spirits outraged- made bears walk on all fours.

8. Navajo Origin Legend 12 th day : dried selves with cornmeal. Blue & Black Body carried bucksin. White Body carried white and yellow corn. Bucksin head to west : on top, corn with tips to east Beneath, eagle feather of corresponding color. Another bucksin on top with head to east. White wind blew from east, yellow from west, through the skins. When buckskin lifted, corn was gone and a man and woman were there instead. White into man. Yellow into woman. Fingerprints are from the wind blowing through buckskins.

9. Christopher Columbus Sailed in 1492 Wanted Queen Isabella to Finance Voyage Landed on the Bahamas – Mistaken for India ▫Named the island San Salvador Wrote to try and impress the Queen to keep her funding

10. John Smith Egotist Lead first successful colony in North America ▫Jamestown ▫President for One Year Embellished his stories to make himself look good Befriended Pocahontas ▫Life saved by her when Indians tried executing him ▫Treated Indians Harshly The General History of Virginia

11. William Bradford Helped to found Massachussetts Bay Colony ▫Re-elected as governor 30 times Signed peace treaty with the Indians Of Plymouth Plantation More humble and realistic Faced many hardships ▫Disease, starvation, etc.

12. Olaudah Equiano Prince in Benin Sold into Slavery 11 when enslaved ▫Wasn’t shackled Became ill so kept on deck Later bought his freedom Ship crowded and unsanitary

13. Bradstreet Woman who wrote about her husband ▫Expressed great love for her husband ▫Frowned upon because it wasn’t about god Angered the people Lived in Massachusetts Bay Colony ▫Puritan

14. Taylor Westfield Massachussetts Harvard College Minister Physician Regarded as one of best colonial poets Huswifery ▫Praised god

15. Edwards Brilliant Puritan Preacher Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God Became leader of Great Awakening ▫Religious revival Made 6 Hour Sermon ▫Struck fear into people