1. Objective: To examine the reforms of Woodrow Wilson. USHC 4.6 Woodrow Wilson

2. 1908 – Roosevelt supported William Howard Taft for the presidency. Taft won easily. Taft, Wilson and Roosevelt * Taft, however, turned out to be very unpopular with Progressives.

3. This Harper’s Weekly cartoon lampoons Roosevelt’s desire for the spotlight. His eldest daughter, Alice, is usually attributed with the observation, “My father always wanted to be the corpse at every funeral, the bride at every wedding, and the baby at every christening.”

4. In 1902, President Theodore Roosevelt declared his intent to negotiate a “square deal” (i.e., a fair settlement) for labor, management, and the American public. In this Harper’s Weekly cartoon, Roosevelt is depicted as a mugger preparing to steal the Republican nomination from President William Howard Taft by hitting his rival, who appears in elegant evening dress, with the “square deal” of a brick.

5. “I am as strong as a bull moose, and you can use me to the limit.” – Theodore Roosevelt, upon his nomination for Vice- President. When Roosevelt ran for president in 1912, the moose became a symbol for the new Progressive Party. The water barrel refers to George W. Perkins, who, as a partner for J. P. Morgan and Co., had arranged the merger that formed the International Harvester Company. Critics argued that the company violated antitrust laws.

6. Anti-Third Term Principle, is a straightforward criticism of Roosevelt's reversal of his promise to adhere to the two-term principle established by George Washington. (Roosevelt later countered that he only promised to refuse three consecutive terms.)

7. In this cartoon from the May 4, 1912 issue of Harper’s Weekly, Roosevelt stands on the nation’s Declaration of Independence and makes himself king for a third term. Crowns for two additional terms are already available. The act of self-empowerment is reinforced by the large “I” on the crowns and by the Latin phrase (in English), “The voice of the people is my voice.”

8. Candidates - 1912 Presidential Election Theodore Roosevelt William Howard Taft Woodrow Wilson Progressive Party (Bull Moose Party) Republican PartyDemocratic Party +=

9. Presidential Election of 1912

10. * Woodrow Wilson won the election.

11. On this Puck cover, dated the day after the 1912 presidential election, Uncle Sam crows about the victory of Woodrow Wilson. The president- elect is a chick emerging from an egg, which has finally been hatched by the Democracy hen after 20 years. Following Grover Cleveland’s election in 1892, the Democrats lost four consecutive presidential elections.

12. Wilson uses tariff, currency and anti-trust laws to prime the pump and get the economy working in a 1913 political cartoon.

13. Woodrow Wilson Presidential Candidate, Democratic Party "The Tariff” New York, September, 24, 1912 “We stand in the presence of an awakened nation. Plainly it is a new age. There are two great things to do. One is to set up the rule of justice and right in such matters as the tariff, the regulation of trust, and the prevention of monopoly. The business of government is to separate special and particular interests from the general interests of wide community. The initial task this year is to get our government in such shape that we can use it for our own purpose, not against anybody in particular, but for everybody in general. We want to establish a real partnership between all the people and the federal government instead of between special interests and the federal government…

14. …We must affect a great readjustment and get the forces of the whole people once more into play. The tariff question as dealt with in our time has not been business; it has been politics. The tariff has become a system of favors. Tariff schedules have been determined in committee rooms and in conferences. The tariff becomes a matter of legitimate business only when the understanding it represents is between the leaders of Congress and the whole people of the United States, instead of between the leaders of Congress and small groups of manufacturers demanding special recognition and consideration. That is the heart of the whole affair. It is at bottom a question of good faith and morals. Our conviction as Democrats is that the only legitimate object of tariff duties is to raise revenue for the support of the government.”

15. President Woodrow Wilson Policy / Act Purpose New FreedomWilson’s idea to break up trusts into smaller companies Decreased tariffsIncreased competition with foreign goods

16. President Woodrow Wilson Policy / Act Purpose Imposed a graduated income tax Raised money for the government lost by the lower tariffs Federal Reserve Act (1913)Regulated banking

17. In the mid 1930's Acme beer advertised its beer as "Dietetically Non- Fattening”. This caused the Federal Trade Commission, who was devoted to fair practices in advertising, to move against Acme Breweries. The ad was considered a "deceptive nutritional claim" so Acme dropped the advertising campaign.

18. President Woodrow Wilson Policy / Act Purpose Federal Trade Commission (1914) Stopped businesses from using unfair business practices Clayton Antitrust Act (1914)Barred antitrust laws from being used against unions