1. 111 Dr. Nihad Almughany University of Palestine Faculty of Applied Engineering and Urban Planning Dept. of Architecture 2 nd Semester 20089 -2010 Introduction to Interior Design ( EAGD 3217 ) Lecture 7 Colors - A

2. 22 CONTENTS 1- AIMS. 2- REVIEW OF LAST LECTURE ( Furniture Design ). 3- NOTION – MEANING. 4- PRIMARY COLORS. 5- SECONDARY COLORS. 6- INTERMEDIATE (TERTIARY) COLORS. 7- THE COLOR WHEEL. 8- COLOR VALUES. 9- COLOR SCHEMES. 10- COLOR HARMONY. 11- COLOR CONTEXT. 12- CONCLUSION.

3. 33 1- AIMS This lecture aims to: –Review of the last lecture ( Furniture Design). –Highlight the basic knowledge and notion of colors. –Highlight different aspects and characteristics of colors and their application in interior design. 3

4. 44 2- REVIEW OF THE LAST LECTURE -Factors Affecting Furniture Design - Classification of Furniture: A- According to Function B- According to Construction Method C- According to Location D- According to Material - Wooden Furniture - Metal Furniture - Comparison Between Wooden and Metal Furniture - Furniture Design Criteria - Furniture Styles

5. 5 3- COLORS: NOTION - MEANING : Every object has its own color although science points out that objects have no colors but they absorb some radiation and reflect others, therefore, an object gains the color of the radiation that it reflects.

6. 6 3- NOTION - MEANING ( cont. ): White light is composed of a mixture of colors that compose the spectrum. The experiment done by Sir I.N. ( 1643-1727 ) showed that when the white color passes through a glass prism it brakes up into seven colors : Red, Orange, Yellow, Green, Blue, Indigo, Purple. ( Rain bow colors )

7. 7 3- NOTION - MEANING ( cont. ):

8. 8 The color of objects that we see is our eyes feeling of light radiation reflected from the object, therefore, colors are not of the characters of objects, but are combined with light.

9. 9 4- PRIMARY COLORS * Primary colors are: Red, yellow and blue In traditional color theory, these are the 3 pigment colors that can not be mixed or formed by any combination of other colors. All other colors are derived from these 3 hues.

10. 10 5- SECONDARY COLORS: Secondary colors are: Green, orange and purple These are the colors formed by mixing the primary colors. primary + primary = secondary

11. 11 6- INTERMEDIATE (TERTIARY) COLORS : Tertiary colors are : Yellow-orange, red-orange, red-purple, blue-purple, blue- green and yellow-green. These are the colors formed by mixing a primary and a secondary color. That's why the hue is a two word name. primary + secondary = intermediate

12. 12 7- THE COLOR WHEEL : A color circle, based on red, yellow and blue, is traditional in the field of art. Sir Isaac Newton developed the first circular diagram of colors in 1666. Since then scientists and artists have studied and designed numerous variations of this concept. Differences of opinion about the validity of one format over another continue to provoke debate. In reality, any color circle or color wheel which presents a logically arranged sequence of pure hues has merit.

13. 13 8 - COLOR VALUES : Color Values - the lights and darks of a color tint – lightened color; white + color shade – darkened color; color + black

14. 14 9- COLORS SCHEMES: Color Schemes – a system of using the color wheel to put colors together: monochromatic – "mono" means "one", "chroma" means color; one color and its values example - yellow

15. 15 9- COLORS SCHEMES ( Cont.): complementary – colors opposite on the color wheel (and their values) example – blue and orange

16. 16 9- COLORS SCHEMES: Analogous – 3 to 5 colors next to each other on the color wheel (and their values) example – red-purple, purple, blue-purple, blue

17. 17 9- COLORS SCHEMES: Warm colors – colors of sun and fire, on the right side of the color wheel (and their values) example – reds and yellows (and their values.

18. 18 9- COLORS SCHEMES: Cool colors – colors of snow and ice, on the left side of the color wheel (and their values) example – blues, greens, purples (and their values)

19. 19 10- COLOR HARMONY Harmony can be defined as a pleasing arrangement of parts. In visual experiences, harmony is something that is pleasing to the eye. It engages the viewer and it creates an inner sense of order, a balance in the visual experience. When something is not harmonious, it's either boring or chaotic. The visual task requires that we present a logical structure. Color harmony delivers visual interest and a sense of order. In summary, extreme unity leads to under- stimulation, extreme complexity leads to over- stimulation. Harmony is a dynamic equilibrium.

20. 20 10- COLOR HARMONY (cont.) A color scheme based on analogous colors Analogous colors are any three colors which are side by side on a 12 part color wheel, such as yellow- green, yellow, and yellow-orange. Usually one of the three colors predominates.

21. 21 10- COLOR HARMONY (cont.) A color scheme based on complementary colors Complementary colors are any two colors which are directly opposite each other, such as red and green and red-purple and yellow-green. In the illustration, there are several variations of yellow- green in the leaves and several variations of red- purple in the orchid. These opposing colors create maximum contrast and maximum stability.

22. 22 10- COLOR HARMONY ( cont.) A color scheme based on nature Nature provides a perfect departure point for color harmony. In the illustration, red yellow and green create a harmonious design, regardless of whether this combination fits into a technical formula for color harmony.

23. 23 11- COLOR CONTEXT: Colors and shapes is a complex area of color theory. Compare the contrast effects of different color backgrounds for the same red square.

24. 24 11- COLOR CONTEXT (cont.) Red appears more brilliant against a black background and somewhat duller against the white background. In contrast with orange, the red appears lifeless; in contrast with blue-green, it exhibits brilliance. Notice that the red square appears larger on black than on other background colors.

25. 25 11- COLOR CONTEXT (cont.) Different readings of the same color

26. 26 7- CONCLUSION -Every object has its own color. Objects have no colors but they absorb some radiation and reflect others, therefore, an object gains the color of the radiation that it reflects. -colors are not of the characters of objects, but are combined with light. -Primary colors are: Red, yellow and blue. -Secondary colors are: Green, orange and purple. Tertiary colors are : Yellow-orange, red-orange, red-purple, blue-purple, blue-green and yellow-green. A color wheel is a color circle, based on red, yellow and blue, any color circle which presents a logically arranged sequence of pure hues has merit. Color values are the lights and darks of a color. Color Schemes is a system of using the color wheel to put colors together. Color harmony can be defined as a pleasing arrangement of parts. Color context is a different readings of the same color according to the surrounding conditions.