Presentation is loading. Please wait.

Presentation is loading. Please wait.

PART 4: BEHAVIORAL PLASTICITY #20: LEARNING & MEMORY of a SIMPLE REFLEX in APLYSIA I F model system: sea hare ( Aplysia californica ) F behavior: the gill.

Published byJoseph Chapman Modified over 9 years ago

Similar presentations

Presentation on theme: "PART 4: BEHAVIORAL PLASTICITY #20: LEARNING & MEMORY of a SIMPLE REFLEX in APLYSIA I F model system: sea hare ( Aplysia californica ) F behavior: the gill."— Presentation transcript:

1 PART 4: BEHAVIORAL PLASTICITY #20: LEARNING & MEMORY of a SIMPLE REFLEX in APLYSIA I F model system: sea hare ( Aplysia californica ) F behavior: the gill & siphon withdrawal reflex F cell biology: learning & memory F summary

2 F model system: sea hare ( Aplysia californica ) F behavior: the gill & siphon withdrawal reflex F cell biology: learning & memory F summary PART 4: BEHAVIORAL PLASTICITY #20: LEARNING & MEMORY of a SIMPLE REFLEX in APLYSIA I

3 F slow moving gastropod mollusk F phylum: Mollusca F order: tectibranchia F subclass: Opisthobranchia F genus: Aplysia, about 35 species F A. californica : 15-30 cm, south Pacific waters F few (~ 20K) neurons, some very large & identifiable F  can associate neural function with behavior F circuitry, cell & molecular biology of learning SEA HARE ( Aplysia californica )

4 F gill & siphon withdrawal reflex F top view of A. californica F tactile stimuli  gill & siphon withdrawn under mantle & covered with parapodium F reliable behavior F > 30 yrs of study F neural mechanisms of learning SEA HARE ( Aplysia californica )

5 F we will focus on 2 main ideas in this chapter F non-associative vs associative learning F memory phases THE GILL & SIPHON WITHDRAWL REFLEX

6 F in very general terms, what can animals learn? 1. a single stimulus 2. temporal relationships among stimuli 3. influence of own behavior on #2 F different types of learning: F non-associative learning  #1 only F associative learning F Pavlovian or classical  #1 & 2 F operant or instrumental  #1, 2 & 3 THE GILL & SIPHON WITHDRAWL REFLEX

7 F study using Aplysia restrained in aquarium F tactile stimulation to siphon  gill retraction F repeat at 90s interval  habituation F electric shock stimulation to tail (or neck) F gill retraction restored  dishabituation THE GILL & SIPHON WITHDRAWL REFLEX

8 F study using Aplysia restrained in aquarium F tactile stimulation to siphon  gill retraction F repeat at 90s interval  habituation F electric shock stimulation to tail (or neck) F gill retraction restored  dishabituation F electric shock stimulation to tail in naive animals F gill retraction enhanced  sensitization F memory fairly short for all three types (min or hrs) F long-term forms can also be generated THE GILL & SIPHON WITHDRAWL REFLEX

9 F associative learning: classical or Pavlovian F US = tail shock F UR = rigorous siphon withdrawal F CS = siphon stimulus THE GILL & SIPHON WITHDRAWL REFLEX

10 F associative learning: classical or Pavlovian F US = tail shock F UR = rigorous siphon withdrawal F CS = siphon stimulus F training: US + CS F test: CR = rigorous siphon withdrawal THE GILL & SIPHON WITHDRAWL REFLEX

11 F associative learning: classical or Pavlovian F test with CS alone after training with: F US only  sensitization control F US + CS unpaired = stimulus control F US + CS paired = classical conditioned F learn siphon stimulus predicts tail shock THE GILL & SIPHON WITHDRAWL REFLEX

12 F associative learning: differential classical F US = tail shock F UR = rigorous siphon withdrawal F CS1 + = siphon (or mantle stimulation) paired F CS2 – = mantle (or siphon stimulation) unpaired THE GILL & SIPHON WITHDRAWL REFLEX

13 F associative learning: differential classical F US = tail shock F UR = rigorous siphon withdrawal F CS1 + = siphon (or mantle stimulation) paired F CS2 – = mantle (or siphon stimulation) unpaired F training: US + CS1 + paired, US + CS2 – unpaired F test: CR = rigorous siphon withdrawal THE GILL & SIPHON WITHDRAWL REFLEX

14 F associative learning: differential classical F test with CS1 or CS2 alone after training with: F CS1 + = siphon (or mantle stimulation) paired F CS2 – = mantle (or siphon stim.) unpaired F learn that CS + predicts tail shock THE GILL & SIPHON WITHDRAWL REFLEX

15 F associative learning: interstimulus interval F CS must precede US in training F 0.5 s in A. californica F no learning with backward conditioning THE GILL & SIPHON WITHDRAWL REFLEX

16 F long-term memory F short-term memory:  minutes / hours F long-term memory:  days / weeks F distributed (spaced) vs massed training is the key TIME MEMORY SPACED MASSED THE GILL & SIPHON WITHDRAWL REFLEX

17 F long-term memory in habituation F train: 4 days (T1-4) F test: 1 day (R1), 1 wk (R2), 3 wks (R3) THE GILL & SIPHON WITHDRAWL REFLEX

18 F long-term memory in habituation F train: 4 days (T1-4) F test: 1 day (R1), 1 wk (R2), 3 wks (R3) THE GILL & SIPHON WITHDRAWL REFLEX

19 F long-term memory in sensitization F train: 4 days (T1-4) F test: 1 day (R1), 1 wk (R2), 3 wks (R3) THE GILL & SIPHON WITHDRAWL REFLEX

20 F long-term memory in associative learning F data not shown THE GILL & SIPHON WITHDRAWL REFLEX

21 F functional architecture of withdrawal reflexes F ganglia & connectives F bilaterally symmetrical prs F abdominal ganglion important for reflex: F 1° sensory neurons F interneurons F motor neurons CELL BIOLOGY OF LEARNING & MEMORY

22 F functional architecture of withdrawal reflexes F neural circuit of reflex F ~ 20 sensory neurons  motor neurons F interneurons F excite F inhibit CELL BIOLOGY OF LEARNING & MEMORY

23 F functional architecture of withdrawal reflexes F neural circuit of reflex F ~ 20 sensory neurons  motor neurons F interneurons F excite F inhibit F focus on synapses CELL BIOLOGY OF LEARNING & MEMORY

24 F big +s for using Aplysia : F direct monitor of synaptic transmission... F of identified neurons... F in numerous different preparations... F to measure behavior CELL BIOLOGY OF LEARNING & MEMORY

25 F intact preparation F expose abdominal ganglion F gill & siphon withdrawal triggered & measured F simultaneous intracellular recordings CELL BIOLOGY OF LEARNING & MEMORY

26 F semi-intact preparation F separate organs with neurons F reliable recording CELL BIOLOGY OF LEARNING & MEMORY

27 F isolated abdominal gangion F direct access to all neural elements F mimic tactile stimulation with neural stimulation CELL BIOLOGY OF LEARNING & MEMORY

28 F cell culture F most reduced F examine properties of single synapses between sensory and motor neurons F reconstruct monosynaptic component of reflex CELL BIOLOGY OF LEARNING & MEMORY

29 F mechanistic analysis of sensitization – the synapse F synaptic facilitation F semi-intact preparation F electrically stimulate tail F  sensory to motor EPSP F presynaptic mechanism F  Ca ++ into neuron F  transmitter release F spike broadening CELL BIOLOGY OF LEARNING & MEMORY

30 F mechanistic analysis of sensitization – the synapse F synaptic facilitation F semi-intact preparation F serotonin application F  sensory to motor EPSP F serotonin blocker F prevents  sensory to motor EPSP (not shown) CELL BIOLOGY OF LEARNING & MEMORY

31 F mechanistic analysis of sensitization – biophysics F serotonin  sensory to motor EPSP F whole cell current: voltage clamp F single ion channel patch clamp F serotonin  outward K-current by... F prolonged closure of 2 S-current channels: F “serotonin-sensitive K current” (S current) F delayed K current F prevents repolarization of membrane F leads to spike broadening CELL BIOLOGY OF LEARNING & MEMORY

32 F mechanistic analysis of sensitization – molecular CELL BIOLOGY OF LEARNING & MEMORY

33 F mechanistic analysis of sensitization – molecular F synaptic facilitation F semi-intact preparation F inject cAMP 2 nd messenger F  sensory to motor EPSP CELL BIOLOGY OF LEARNING & MEMORY

34 F mechanistic analysis of sensitization – molecular F inject PKA catalytic subunit same result F phosphorylates (closes) K-channels F sensitization model incomplete… CELL BIOLOGY OF LEARNING & MEMORY

35 F mechanistic analysis of classical conditioning F presynaptic factors F similarities with sensitization F reflex facilitation of siphon withdrawal F induced by tail shock F facilitation amplified by temporal CS-US pairing F same (amplified) mechanism or not? CELL BIOLOGY OF LEARNING & MEMORY

36 F mechanistic analysis of classical conditioning F presynaptic factors F similarities with sensitization F reflex facilitation of siphon withdrawal F induced by tail shock F facilitation amplified by temporal CS-US pairing F same (amplified) mechanism or not? F test with differential conditioning paradigm CELL BIOLOGY OF LEARNING & MEMORY

37 F mechanistic analysis of classical conditioning F presynaptic factors F semi-intact preparation F CS1 = siphon (SN) F CS2 = mantle (SN) F US = tail shock CELL BIOLOGY OF LEARNING & MEMORY

38 F mechanistic analysis of classical conditioning F presynaptic factors F enhanced facilitation in paired training F  = paired vs unpaired F  = paired vs US alone F temporal pairing effect F activity-dependent presynaptic facilitation CELL BIOLOGY OF LEARNING & MEMORY

39 F mechanistic analysis of classical conditioning F presynaptic factors F differential synaptic facilitation results similar to behavioral experiments CELL BIOLOGY OF LEARNING & MEMORY

40 BREAK

Download ppt "PART 4: BEHAVIORAL PLASTICITY #20: LEARNING & MEMORY of a SIMPLE REFLEX in APLYSIA I F model system: sea hare ( Aplysia californica ) F behavior: the gill."

Similar presentations

H.Gaub / SS 2007BPZ§4.11 Biophysics of excitable cells.

H.Gaub / SS 2007BPZ§4.11 Biophysics of excitable cells.
Molecular Mechanisms of Learning and Memory

Molecular Mechanisms of Learning and Memory
NEUROBIOKIMIA: ASPEK BIOMOLEKULER DARI MEMORI Oleh Mohammad hanafi.

NEUROBIOKIMIA: ASPEK BIOMOLEKULER DARI MEMORI Oleh Mohammad hanafi.
5.1 (a) (b) (c) Sea anemoneJelly fishHydra A B CD EFG50 mV 20 ms.

5.1 (a) (b) (c) Sea anemoneJelly fishHydra A B CD EFG50 mV 20 ms.
Cellular and Molecular Basis of Memory Engram Temporal Types of Memory

Cellular and Molecular Basis of Memory Engram Temporal Types of Memory
Memory and Hippocampus By:Mohammad Ali Ahmadi-Pajouh All Materials are from “Principals of Neuroscience” Written by E. Kandel In the Name of Allah Amirkabir.

Memory and Hippocampus By:Mohammad Ali Ahmadi-Pajouh All Materials are from “Principals of Neuroscience” Written by E. Kandel In the Name of Allah Amirkabir.
Cellular Mechanisms of Learning

Cellular Mechanisms of Learning
Announcements Mid term room assignments posted to webpage A – HoS361 (Pavilion) Hoang – LischkaS309 Lishingham - NguiS143 Nguyen – SeguinS128 Sek – Zia.

Announcements Mid term room assignments posted to webpage A – HoS361 (Pavilion) Hoang – LischkaS309 Lishingham - NguiS143 Nguyen – SeguinS128 Sek – Zia.
F exam 2 F learning in a natural environment F special case... flower learning F odor learning in the proboscis extension reflex F summary PART 4: BEHAVIORAL.

F exam 2 F learning in a natural environment F special case... flower learning F odor learning in the proboscis extension reflex F summary PART 4: BEHAVIORAL.
Figure 8.1 Forms of short-term synaptic plasticity.

Figure 8.1 Forms of short-term synaptic plasticity.
Learning and memory Route recall, by licensed London taxi driver, from Hyde Park to Primrose Hill, results in PET activation of the right hippocampus.

Learning and memory Route recall, by licensed London taxi driver, from Hyde Park to Primrose Hill, results in PET activation of the right hippocampus.
Molecular Biology of Memory: A Dialogue Between Genes and Synapses Eric R. Kandel, MD Nobel Prize Laureate in Medicine 2000.

Molecular Biology of Memory: A Dialogue Between Genes and Synapses Eric R. Kandel, MD Nobel Prize Laureate in Medicine 2000.
Elicited or Unconditioned Behavior Occurs without past experience Modifiable with experience (examples: habituation and sensitization.

Elicited or Unconditioned Behavior Occurs without past experience Modifiable with experience (examples: habituation and sensitization.
The Nervous System. General Nervous System Functions Control of the internal environment –Nervous system works with endocrine system Voluntary control.

The Nervous System. General Nervous System Functions Control of the internal environment –Nervous system works with endocrine system Voluntary control.
Part Fundamentals of Physiology Part II Food, Energy, and Temperature Part III Integrating systems Part IV Movement and Muscle Part V Oxygen, Carbon dioxide,

Part Fundamentals of Physiology Part II Food, Energy, and Temperature Part III Integrating systems Part IV Movement and Muscle Part V Oxygen, Carbon dioxide,
Synapses are everywhere 10 11 neurons 10 14 synapses Synapse change continuously –From msec –To hours (memory) Lack HH type model for the synapse.

Synapses are everywhere neurons synapses Synapse change continuously –From msec –To hours (memory) Lack HH type model for the synapse.
H CH7: escape behavior in crayfish H behavior features & functional anatomy H neuronal architecture H adaptive modulation H summary: chapter 7 PART 3:

H CH7: escape behavior in crayfish H behavior features & functional anatomy H neuronal architecture H adaptive modulation H summary: chapter 7 PART 3:
I behavior analysis I in a natural environment I in the laboratory I cells, synapses & circuits I basic properties of nerve cells I synaptic transmission.

I behavior analysis I in a natural environment I in the laboratory I cells, synapses & circuits I basic properties of nerve cells I synaptic transmission.
F model system: sea hare ( Aplysia californica ) F behavior: the gill & siphon withdrawal reflex F even more cell biology: learning & memory F summary.

F model system: sea hare ( Aplysia californica ) F behavior: the gill & siphon withdrawal reflex F even more cell biology: learning & memory F summary.
Chapter 13 Learning and Memory. SIMPLE LEARNING a. habituation b. Pavlovian learning c. instrumental learning d. biological mechanisms HIGHER ORDER COGNITION.

Chapter 13 Learning and Memory. SIMPLE LEARNING a. habituation b. Pavlovian learning c. instrumental learning d. biological mechanisms HIGHER ORDER COGNITION.

Similar presentations

Ads by Google