2.  Of course, it started with craft. The craft of making a bowl or a tool or anything that created function.  As humans became wealthier, we could seek out the artisan, the craftsperson who would add an element of panache and style to the tools we used.  It's not much of a leap from the beautiful functional object to one that has no function other than to be beautiful.  Art was born.  When art collided with royalty, religion and wealth, a match was made. Those in power could use art as a way to display their resources and to insist that they also were deserving of respect for their taste and their patronage of the artistic class.  And that would be the end of it, except the camera and commercial printing changed the very nature of art on canvas (and mass production changed sculpture). When anyone could have a print, or a vase, or a photo, art's position as a signifier and a cultural force was threatened.  Hence the beginning of our modern definition of art, one that so many people are resistant to. Art doesn't mean painting, art doesn't mean realistic and art doesn't mean beautiful.

3. FOUNTAIN  The scandalous work was a porcelain urinal, which was signed "R.Mutt" and titled Fountain.  Duchamp described his intent with the piece was to shift the focus of art from physical craft to intellectual interpretation

6.  In 1953, the artist directed composer John Cage (1912–1992) to drive his Model A Ford in a straight line over twenty sheets of paper that Rauschenberg had glued together and laid in the road outside his Fulton Street studio in Lower Manhattan. Source: http://www.sfmoma.org/explore/collection/artwork/25845#ixzz30aYpCvw6 San Francisco Museum of Modern Arthttp://www.sfmoma.org/explore/collection/artwork/25845#ixzz30aYpCvw6 San Francisco Museum of Modern Art

10.  In 1961, Italian artist Piero Manzoni packed his feces in cans, signed and mounted them, and then sold them as art

11.  Sunflower Seeds is made up of millions of small works, each apparently identical, but actually unique. However realistic they may seem, these life-sized sunflower seed husks are in fact intricately hand- crafted in porcelain.  Sunflower Seeds invites us to look more closely at the ‘Made in China’ phenomenon