1. Chemical Principles Part 1 of Inorganic Chemistry

2. about me Name: Gongzhen Cheng ( 程功臻 ) PhD, professor Office: Room 120, Chemistry Building Phone: 87218274 office, 62681268 mobile E-mail:gzcheng@whu.edu.cn

3. What is this class? First chemistry class Introductory chemistry Basic principles of chemistry! Chemistry of the elements and their compounds.

4. Introduction to Chemistry Chapter 1

5. References Chemical Principles: The Quest for Insight Second or Third Edition Peter Atkins and Loretta Jones Chemistry: The Molecular Nature of Matter and Change, 4th Edition Martin Silberberg

6. References Descriptive Inorganic Chemistry, 3rd ed, G Rayner-Canham, T Overton, 2003 无机化学 Inorganic Chemistry, 3rd ed, GL Miessler, DA Tarr, 2004, 高等教育出版社 ￥ 52

7. Is the study of matter, its properties, the changes that matter undergoes, and the energy associated with these changes.

8. Chemistry is the Central Science Central Science Interesting Useful A way of thinking

9. How to Study Chemistry?

10. energy due to the position of the object or energy from a chemical reaction Potential Energy Kinetic Energy energy due to the motion of the object Energy Energy is the capacity to do work. Potential and kinetic energy can be interconverted.

11. Energy Energy is the capacity to do work. less stable more stable change in potential energy EQUALS kinetic energy A gravitational system. The potential energy gained when a lifted weight is converted to kinetic energy as the weight falls.

12. Energy Energy is the capacity to do work. less stable more stable change in potential energy EQUALS kinetic energy A system of two balls attached by a spring. The potential energy gained by a stretched spring is converted to kinetic energy when the moving balls are released.

13. Energy Energy is the capacity to do work. less stable more stable change in potential energy EQUALS kinetic energy A system of oppositely charged particles. The potential energy gained when the charges are separated is converted to kinetic energy as the attraction pulls these charges together. Coulomb Energy

14. Energy Energy is the capacity to do work. less stable more stable change in potential energy EQUALS kinetic energy A system of fuel and exhaust. A fuel is higher in chemical potential energy than the exhaust. As the fuel burns, some of its potential energy is converted to the kinetic energy of the moving car.

15. Scientific Approach: Developing a Model Observations : Natural phenomena and measured events; universally consistent ones can be stated as a natural law. Hypothesis: Tentative proposal that explains observations. Experiment: Procedure to test hypothesis; measures one variable at a time. Model (Theory): Set of conceptual assumptions that explains data from accumulated experiments; predicts related phenomena. Further Experiment: Tests predictions based on model. revised if experiments do not support it altered if predictions do not support it

16. A Systematic Approach to Solving Chemistry Problems Problem statement Plan Clarify the known and unknown. Suggest steps from known to unknown. Prepare a visual summary of steps. Solution Check Comment and Follow-up Problem

17. Precision and Accuracy Errors in Scientific Measurements Random Error - In the absence of systematic error, some values that are higher and some that are lower than the actual value. Precision - Refers to reproducibility or how close the measurements are to each other. Accuracy - Refers to how close a measurement is to the real value. Systematic error - Values that are either all higher or all lower than the actual value.

18. precise and accurate precise but not accurate Precision and accuracy in the laboratory.

19. systematic error random error Precision and accuracy in the laboratory. continued