1. Theories of Change John Young

2. A Theory of Change is… locates a programme or project within a wider analysis of how change comes about; draws on external learning about development. articulates our understanding of change - but also challenges us to explore it further. acknowledges the complexity of change: the wider systems and actors that influence it often presented in diagrammatic form with an accompanying narrative summary Comic Relief, 2011 2 An ongoing process of reflection on how change happens, and the role we can play:

3. A bit like (a proper) log frame 3 Goal IndicatorMoV Purpose IndicatorMoVAssumptions/Risks Output 1IndicatorMoVAssumptions/Risks Output 2IndicatorMoV Output 3IndicatorMoV Output 4IndicatorMoV √ √

4. Types Causal Chain - succession of elements with logical links (eg log- frame approach) Dimensions of influence - overlapping domains which interact, where it is possible to influence (eg RAPID CEL Framework) Actor-centred theories - where the behaviour of actors can be influenced (eg Outcome Mapping) 4

5. How to do it 1.Identify what want to achieve. 2.Identify the people / organisations / processes are involved and how they influence change. 3.Map them. 4.Identify how you can influence them. 5.Identify which options will provide most value for money. 6.Decide what to monitor to see if you are on track. 7.Identify the resources and management processes do you need. 5

6. RAPID Outcome Mapping Approach Start by defining your policy objectives – constantly review them during the process 6

7. www.theoryofchange.org 7

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9. Ecosystems for Poverty Alleviation 9

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11. Ecosystems for Poverty Alleviation 11

12. Ecosystems for Poverty Alleviation 12

13. Ecosystems for Poverty Alleviation 13

14. DFID Research & Evidence Division 14

15. Resources Comic Relief Theory of Change Review 2011 - http://dmeforpeace.org/sites/default/ files/James_ToC.pdf A Guide to monitoring and evaluating policy influence. Harry Jones. ODI Background Note 2011- http://www.odi.org.uk/resources/ details.asp?id=5252&title=monitoring-evaluation-me-policy-influence Research to Action listing of resources on Theories of Change: http://www.researchtoaction.org/theory-of-change-useful-resources/ Keystone Accountabilities Guide to Developing a Theory of Change: http://www.researchtoaction.org/theory-of-change-useful-resources/ Key questions to ask when putting together a Theory of Change for Research Uptake by Andrew Clappison: http:// www.researchtoaction.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/02/Key-questions-to-ask-when- putting-together-a-Theory-of-Change-for-Research-Uptake-by-Andrew-Clappison.pdf DFID Guide to Managing the Inception Phase of Research Programme Consortia - http://www.dfid.gov.uk/R4D/PDF/Publications/ RPC_Inception_Guidance.pdf Ecosystem Services for Poverty Alleviation Theory of Change - http://www.espa.ac.uk/sites/all/modules/pubdlcnt/pubdlcnt.php?file=http://www.esp a.ac.uk/files/espa/ESPA-Theory-of-Change.pdf&nid=37183 15

16. Any questions?