1. Energy Codes & Standards

2. Do You Know What Is Taking Place In The Energy Codes For The Areas Where You Sell Product?? THE ENERGY CODES ARE CHANGING The question is how will these codes impact the following product areas?  Screw Down Roof ?  More Insulation ?  Bare Galvalume  Roof Panel ?  Cool Roof Painted Panels ?  Energy Efficient Windows, Doors & Light Transmitting Skylights ?

3. Energy Codes Only Impact Conditioned Buildings A building is conditioned if it has a system with a heating capacity of more than 3.4 Btu/hr-ft 2 or a cooling capacity of more than 5 Btu/hr-ft 2 for the entire building. However, for a large building with several insolated heating/cooling units, the overall building may not be considered a conditioned building. The builder should check this criteria to ensure that his building is really a conditioned building.

4. Reasons for Increased Focus  More buildings being built.  More difficult to add new energy sources.  Increased smog and pollution.  Increasing energy costs.  Increased recognition of the following fact. “A Rapid Growth Rate in the Demand for Electric Energy is Due in Partto Wasteful, Uneconomic, Inefficient, and Unnecessary Uses of Power.” “A Rapid Growth Rate in the Demand for Electric Energy is Due in Part to Wasteful, Uneconomic, Inefficient, and Unnecessary Uses of Power.”

5. IMPENDING CRISIS Only solution is to reduce peak electricity demands by requiring more energy efficiency in building construction.

6. New Energy Code Requirements  Products that complied with ASHRAE and other energy codes will no longer work without changes to the product.  To meet the new energy efficiency requirements, a conditioned building will have to improve energy efficiency by the use of :  Cool Roof Colors,  More Wall & Roof Insulation,  Energy Efficient Windows, Doors, & Light Transmitting Skylights.

7. Change of Direction for Building Suppliers Energy issues will impact the entire construction industry by requiring that all buildings use more energy efficient products and insulation.

8. Primary Energy Concern Is The Heat In The Building  Dark materials will ABSORB MORE HEAT from the sun.  When those dark surfaces are roofs, some of that heat is TRANSFERRED INSIDE.  When that happens, the Urban Heat Island Effect becomes a factor.  Urban areas are 6-8 °F warmer than suburbs due to –dark pavements –dark roofing –less vegetation

9. Urban Heat Island Effect  Urban Heat Island EffectA built-up environment where a large proportion of dark surfaces absorb the solar radiation and radiate the heat back into the atmosphere at a later time and creates heat in the building.  Urban Heat Island Effect A built-up environment where a large proportion of dark surfaces absorb the solar radiation and radiate the heat back into the atmosphere at a later time and creates heat in the building.  To eliminate the Urban Heat Island Effect requires a roof surface with a high reflectance/emittance which reduces the roof heat absorption and creates a low surface temperature.  A lower roof surface temperature has the following effects : –less smog, –less pollution, –lower peak energy demand

10. Energy Balance on Roof Surface Re-Emitted Energy Reflected Radiation Total Solar Radiation Absorbed Energy Convection Roof Surface Layer Absorbed Energy = Total Solar Radiation – Reflected Radiation – Re-Emitted Energy

11. Energy Code Terminology  Solar Reflectance  Infrared Emittance  Cool Roof Color  Lowering of Allowable Maximum Required U-Factors The new energy requirements are being added to the energy codes.

12. Measuring Solar Reflectivity 1.0.75.50.25 0 Least Efficient Most Efficient ReflectedAbsorbed REFLECT solar radiationSolar Reflectivity describes an object’s ability to REFLECT solar radiation away from its surface. Don’t confuse reflectivity with GLARE!

13. Gloss/Sheen vs. Solar Reflectance  GLARE is a CONCERN for commercial metal roofs  Glare is the reflection of sunlight that can impair vision and create an ANNOYANCE  This becomes CRITICAL around airports (impaired vision of pilots) and in tightly built residential neighborhoods  The GLARE of a coated surface is controlled by the SHEEN Low Sheen = Low Glare Gloss/Sheen and Solar Reflectance are totally independent properties and do not have an affect on one another.

14. Impact on Building Temperature and Energy Consumption by Reflectivity Rule of Thumb: –FOR EVERY 1% INCREASE IN ROOF REFLECTANCE, TEMPERATURE DECREASES 1°F per day Example: Improving reflectance from 10% to 50% lowers surface temperature 40°F –FOR EVERY 10% INCREASE IN ROOF REFLECTANCE, COOLING/HEATING ENERGY COSTS DROP 2¢/ft 2 per day (warm climates)

15. Measuring Infrared Emissivity  Infrared Emittance is the surface’s ability to reduce heat build-up by emitting the heat by radiation.  Same type of values as solar reflectance 0.25.50.751.0 Least Efficient Most Efficient  80% Cool Roof Requirement

16. Roofing Material Thermal Properties Metal (unpainted)0.60-0.80 0.04-0.10 Metal (painted and granular coated)0.10-0.75 *0.75 + Comp Asphalt Shingles0.05-0.250.90 Modified Bitumen0.05-0.250.90 Built Up Roofing0.05-0.800.90 Concrete/Clay Tile0.20-0.700.90 White Single Ply Membrane0.70-0.800.85 + Source: ORNL and LBNL Source: ORNL and LBNL Emissivity is generally higher in coatings and paint films, but very low in unpainted metallic surfaces Initial Solar Reflectance Infrared Emittance * depending on color

17. Required Cool Roof Color Roof Slope 2: 12 and less –Solar Reflectivity of 0.70 –Solar Emittance of 0.75 Roof Slope over 2: 12 –Solar Reflectivity of 0.25 –Solar Emittance of 0.75 In 2001, ASHRAE introduced the Cool Roof concept by giving credit when a Cool Roof Color will meet certain Reflectivity and Emittance standards which are a factor of the roof color and the roof slope. The VP Colors with their Reflectivity and Emittance values are on the following slide.

18. Cool Roof Energy Criteria Bare Galvalume Roofs with their low emittance of 0.06 can be used only on unconditioned buildings when the Cool Roof is required.

19. Cool Roof Enforcement in the Codes  Mandatory  Equivalence  Voluntary  Credit The Energy Codes will take one of the following positions with respect to the enforcement of Cool Roof compliance with the Energy Efficiently Code requirements. Check the applicable energy code to determine what that energy code requirements are.

20. Maximum Required U-Factor  Metal roof Maximum Required U- Factor requirement has been lowered in ASHRAE for a conditioned building: U-Factor of U-0.065 & an R-Value of R-19.0. U-Factor of U-0.065 & an R-Value of R-19.0.  The allowable roof type U-Factors in ASHRAE are the following: –Through Fastened Roof = U - 0.130 R-13.0 –Standing Seam Roof = U - 0.065 R-19.0 Therefore, a Through Fastened Roof with a U-Factor of U-0.130 can not be used on a conditioned building.

21. Changing Model Energy Codes –ASHRAE 90.1 2001 & 2004 –2004 International Energy Conservation Code  (IECC) –LEED 2.2 (Coming into effect summer of 2005) –State Energy Codes. The current Energy Codes are in a continuing state of change.The current Energy Codes are in a continuing state of change. The applicable Energy Code should be monitored closely to be aware of code changes.The applicable Energy Code should be monitored closely to be aware of code changes.

22. ASHRAE 90.1 –ASHRAE 90.1 – 1989 &1999 –ASHRAE 90.1 – 2001 (cool roofs introduced) –ASHRAE 90.1 – 2004 (going from 26 to 8 climate zones) Requirements of ASHRAE 90.1have been changing for Commercial Buildings

23. IECC - International Energy Code Commercial Buildings Must Meet Requirements of ASHRAE 90.1 IECC 2000  ASHRAE 90.1 – 1989IECC 2000  ASHRAE 90.1 – 1989 IECC 2001  ASHRAE 90.1 – 1989IECC 2001  ASHRAE 90.1 – 1989 IECC 2003  ASHRAE 90.1 – 2001IECC 2003  ASHRAE 90.1 – 2001 IECC 2004  ASHRAE 90.1 – 2004IECC 2004  ASHRAE 90.1 – 2004

24. ASHRAE 90.1 2004 Code Acceptance In 2003, the Department of Energy required all States to certify that their Energy Codes for certification enforcement had adopted a version of ASHRAE 90.1.

25. ASHRAE 90.1 2005 Code Acceptance

26. # of States with Their Adopted ASHRAE Energy Code Version For most current status of state energy codes, go to Web Site for Building Code Assistance Project Newsletter http://www.bcap-energy.org/newsletter.php Energy Code Adoption 20042005 ASHRAE 2001 515 ASHRAE 1999 1518 ASHRAE 1989 187 Weaker codes 1210

27. Cost Impact on the Roof System of a Conditioned Building

28. What Can The Builder Do? Select the applicable State and look at the following Web sites to get the current code and contact information. DOE: Building State Energy Codes www.energycodes.gov/implement/state_codes Building Code Assistance Project www.bcap-energy.org/map_page.php Following Slide Shows Information for One State

29. Available Energy Code Information For Ohio State of Ohio Primary Technical Contact: Steven P. Regolia, Architect Ohio DOE Status of State Energy Code State website: www.odod.state.oh/cdd/oee State Agency/Office Head: John W. Brant, Executive Secretary Office of Energy Efficiency Ohio Department of Development 77 South High Street, 26th Floor P.O. Box 1001 Columbus, OH 43216-1001 Sara Ward, Office Chief Ohio Department of Development Phone (614) 466-6797 Other Contacts: Deborah Ohler, Staff Engineer

30. Reflectivity and Emittance in State Codes These State Energy Codes call for Reflectivity and Emittance Values. There may be more, but these are the only ones that I am aware of at this time.

31. CALIFORNIA 2005 Building Energy Efficiency Standards Title 24  Law Effective October 1 st 2005  Enforcement is mandatory.  Conditioned building has to have an approved Cool Roof Color.  To get a building permit, a conditioned building must be energy efficient and meet an energy budget.  Next code change will be the 2008 version. The following slides discuss the impact of the new California Energy Code, but the concern exists that the other states may follow the lead that California has taken.

32. Approved Cool Roof Color Roof Slope 2: 12 and less –Solar Reflectivity of 0.70 –Solar Emittance of 0.75 Roof Slope over 2: 12 –Solar Reflectivity of 0.25 –Solar Emittance of 0.75 In October 2005, California will require a Cool Roof Color for conditioned buildings that has meet the Reflectivity and Emittance standards which are a factor of the roof slope used. California Energy Code requires that the Cool Roof Colors are certified and approved by CRRC (Cool Roof Rating Council). The roof panels will have a label showing approval number. Cool Regal White is the only approved VP Cool Roof color for Low Slope buildings. (The paint suppliers say that, with the current paint technology, no other colors can meet the low slope requirements.)

33. ASHRAE 90.1 = CA Title 24  CA Title 24 calls for lower Maximum U-Factor on the roofs –ASHRAE –California Title 24 Review of California Title 24 shows that it is an mandatory version of ASHRAE 90.1 2001 with some additional limitations. Roof U max 0.065 Wall U max 0.113 Roof U max 0.051 Wall U max 0.113 Buildings over 25,000 square feet must have energy efficient skylights, doors and windows Buildings over 25,000 square feet must have energy efficient skylights, doors and windows

34. Cost Impact on Roof System For Conditioned Building

35. CALIFORNIA Title 24 Restrictions for Conditioned Buildings  Screw Down Roofs Don’t Meet U-Value Requirement.  SSR will be required.  Galvalume Roofs Will not Meet Emittance Requirement.  Only approved Cool Roof Color is Cool Regal White for low slope buildings.  Colors for high slopes are still being tested.  More Roof & Wall Insulation will be required.

36. CALIFORNIA Title 24 Restrictions for Conditioned Buildings  VP light transmitting skylights are not listed in the energy code products. We are working on correcting this situation.  VP windows & doors do not meet the energy efficiency requirements.  These energy ratings are in process of being determined.  The builder has the option of obtaining a commercially available skylight, door, or windows which do meet these requirements.

37. California has 16 Climate Zones so each builder will have to meet a different energy requirements based upon the project’s location. However, individual cities in a climate zone may have different climate zone requirements based upon the climate conditions at that location.

38. CALIFORNIA Title 24 Requirements  For a conditioned building, to get a building permit, a Building Envelope Energy Calculation will be required showing that the building is energy efficient.  This Excel spreadsheet will be made available to VP Builders later.

39. Building Energy Efficiency Calculation Spreadsheet Climate Zone is required to be known to be able to use this spreadsheet.

40. Additional Information on the CD Disk  PowerPoint presentations –Cool Roof Terms –Cool Roof Web Sites –Cool Roof Physics –CRRC Program –Energy Star program –USGBC LEED Program (2 Versions)  Excel Building Efficiency Spreadsheet  Handouts –California Significant Changes –California Standard Changes –BCAP Newsletter –LEED v 2.1 Steel Content –State Energy Code Status –VP Products & Cal Title 24