1. Violent Crime in Orange County

2. Prepared by Dr. Jay Corzine Dr. Jay Corzine Dr. Lin Huff-Corzine Dr. Lin Huff-Corzine Dr. Libby Mustaine Dr. Libby Mustaine Nicholas E. Libby, MA Nicholas E. Libby, MA Christa Polczynski, MS Christa Polczynski, MS Minna Grantham, MA Minna Grantham, MA Michael Bachmann, MA Michael Bachmann, MA Jessica Eson, BA Jessica Eson, BA

3. United States All numbers are rates per 100,000 population. All numbers are rates per 100,000 population. Source: FBI Uniform Crime Reports. Source: FBI Uniform Crime Reports. YearMurderSexualAssaultRobbery Aggravated Assault 2004 5.532.4136.7288.6 20055.631.8140.8290.8 20065.730.9149.4287.5

4. Florida All numbers are rates per 100,000 population. All numbers are rates per 100,000 population. Source: Florida Department of Law Enforcement. Source: Florida Department of Law Enforcement. YearMurder Sexual Assault Robbery Aggravated Assault 2004 5.538.2173.1463.9 20055.037.0169.2464.4 20066.235.8188.6457.1

5. Orange County All numbers are rates per 100,000 population. All numbers are rates per 100,000 population. Source: Florida Department of Law Enforcement. Source: Florida Department of Law Enforcement. YearMurder Sexual Assault Robbery Aggravated Assault 2004 6.050.0237.4655.1 20057.147.7308.1700.2 200611.247.8396.5721.8

6. Overview of Trends Between 2004 and 2006 in Orange County: Between 2004 and 2006 in Orange County: The murder rate increased 87.0% The murder rate increased 87.0% The forcible rape rate decreased 4.4% The forcible rape rate decreased 4.4% The robbery rate increased 67.0% The robbery rate increased 67.0% The aggravated assault rate increased 10.2% The aggravated assault rate increased 10.2% The spike in violent crime in Orange County is concentrated in murder and robbery The spike in violent crime in Orange County is concentrated in murder and robbery The same trend is evident in statewide and national data The same trend is evident in statewide and national data

7. Total Number of Incidents YearMurderRobbery Sexual Assault AggravatedAssaultTotal 2004 50156960121764418 200550256984626096074 2006105330694027737106 Total20574662387755817612

8. Total Number of Suspects YearMurderRobbery Sexual Assault AggravatedAssaultTotal 2004 59271768927446209 200565463695733028960 200612963051128354511107 Total253136582774959126276

9. Total Number of Victims YearMurderRobbery Sexual Assault AggravatedAssaultTotal 2004 56279580529486604 200564383694434688312 20061204876103339339962 Total2401150727821034924878

10. Suspect’s Age Year Total Under 18 18-2425-44 45 and above 2004 350459011321429353 (16.8%)(32.3%)(40.8%)(10.1%) 2005547092319632085499 (16.9%)(35.9%)(38.1%)(9.2%) 20065475117420391853409 (21.4%)(37.2%)(33.9%)(7.5%)

11. Suspect’s Race YearTotal Race African American WhiteOtherUnknown/Missing 2004 3504201314561416 (57.4%)(41.6%)(0.4%)(0.5%) 2005 5470344219602840 (62.9%)(35.8%)(0.5%)(0.7%) 2006 5475353718682446 (64.6%)(34.1%)(0.4%)(0.8%)

12. Suspect’s Gender YearTotal Gender FemaleMale Unknown/Missing 2004 3504642284517 (18.3%)(81.2%)(0.5%) 2005 5470853460314 (15.6%)(84.2%)(0.3%) 2006 5475722471637 (13.2%)(86.1%)(0.7%)

13. Victim’s Age Year Total Under 18 18-2425-44 45 and above 2004 5980 99615142512958 (16.7%)(25.3%)(42.0%)(16.0%) 200576411136186333801262 (14.9%)(24.4%)(44.2%)(16.5%) 2006 9159 1426249237521489 (15.6%)(27.2%)(41.0%)(16.3%)

14. Victim’s Race YearTotal Race African American WhiteOtherUnknown/Missing 2004598017382089372116 (29.1%)(34.9%)(0.6%)(35.4%) 2005764121272127533334 (27.8%)(27.8%)(0.7%)(43.6%) 2006915925452635753908 (27.8%)(28.8%)(0.8%)(42.7%)

15. Victim’s Gender YearTotal Gender FemaleMaleUnknown/Missing 20045980251934529 (42.1%)(57.7%)(0.2%) 200576413127450212 (40.9%)(58.9%)(0.2%) 200691593438570813 (37.5%)(62.3%)(0.1%)

16. Gang Member Bookings YearTotalTotalCountsMurderCountsBatteryCountsRobberyCountsSexualAssaultCounts 20042292 (1.2 %) 6(4%)46(.5%)40(2%)0(0%) 200543176 (2.3 %) 14(6.2%)86(1%)74(4%)2(.5%) 200675188 (2.6 %) 12(4.5%)89(1%)85(4%)2(.5%)

17. Situational Factors Increasing Rates of Violent Crime Illegal drugs and drug markets Illegal drugs and drug markets Illegal gun markets Illegal gun markets Increased violence in street culture Increased violence in street culture

18. Social Factors Increasing Rates of Homicide Percent of female headed households Percent of female headed households Percent population living in poverty Percent population living in poverty Percent of population with no high school degree Percent of population with no high school degree

19. Social Factors Increasing Rates of Homicide Percent of female headed households Percent of female headed households Percent population living in poverty Percent population living in poverty Percent of population with no high school degree Percent of population with no high school degree

20. Social Factors Increasing Rates of Homicide Percentage of female-headed households Percentage of female-headed households Percentage of population living in poverty Percentage of population living in poverty Percentage of population with no high school degree Percentage of population with no high school degree

22. Social Factors Increasing Rates of Robbery Percent of population aged 15 and older enrolled in college Percent of population aged 15 and older enrolled in college Percent of population renting Percent of population renting Percent of population unemployed Percent of population unemployed

26. Policy Implications Law Enforcement Law Enforcement Juveniles Juveniles Curfew Curfew Schools Schools Community and Churches Community and Churches Family Family Economy Economy

27. Law Enforcement Assign more law enforcement officers to serve in community-oriented, targeted, proactive capacities Assign more law enforcement officers to serve in community-oriented, targeted, proactive capacities Successful Programs in Other Cities Successful Programs in Other Cities Consent to Search Program – St. Louis Consent to Search Program – St. Louis Boston Gun Project Boston Gun Project Project Exile – Richmond Project Exile – Richmond

28. Juvenile Justice Overhaul the Juvenile Justice System Overhaul the Juvenile Justice System Offenses by juveniles must have appropriate consequences Offenses by juveniles must have appropriate consequences Juvenile detention has little impact on those committed to street culture Juvenile detention has little impact on those committed to street culture Juveniles and Guns Juveniles and Guns Adopt new measures to separate juveniles from firearms Adopt new measures to separate juveniles from firearms

29. Curfew This policy is not recommended This policy is not recommended More juvenile crimes are committed between More juvenile crimes are committed between 4 PM and 10 PM than any other time period 4 PM and 10 PM than any other time period Primary impact on non-delinquent juveniles Primary impact on non-delinquent juveniles Enforcement is problematic Enforcement is problematic Rarely holds up in court Rarely holds up in court Have proven ineffective in other cities Have proven ineffective in other cities

30. Schools Expand the number and types of activities after school and on weekends Expand the number and types of activities after school and on weekends E.g., Music, Dance, Art E.g., Music, Dance, Art Sports Sports Re-establish in middle & vocational schools Re-establish in middle & vocational schools

31. Families Encourage families in need to seek support from schools and churches Encourage families in need to seek support from schools and churches Increase availability of family life courses Increase availability of family life courses

32. Community and Churches Plan organized activities after school and on weekends Plan organized activities after school and on weekends Religious leaders work closely with law enforcement and other community groups Religious leaders work closely with law enforcement and other community groups

33. Economy Plan work assignments for low income teens Plan work assignments for low income teens Community renewal by employing residents to work on revitalization efforts (e.g., the venues project) Community renewal by employing residents to work on revitalization efforts (e.g., the venues project)

34. Summary Crime Trends Crime Trends Increase in Homicide and Robbery Increase in Homicide and Robbery Social Factors Social Factors Policy Implications Policy Implications Youth Programs Are Crime Prevention Programs