1. The Special Senses Dr. Walid Daoud Assistant Professor

2. The Special Senses They are highly specialized sense organs: 1- Vision. 2- Hearing. 3- Taste. 4- Olfaction. 5- Touch

3. Anatomy of The Eye The eye is the sense organ of vision. A globe-shape organ (3 layers): - Sclera: outermost fibrous layer. - Choroid: middle layer vascular layer. - - Retina: innermost layer nervous layer.

4. Anatomy of The Eye - Cornea. - Ciliary muscle. - Aqueous humor. - Vitreous humor. - Anterior chamber. - Optic nerve. - Posterior chamber. - Optic disc. - Iris. - Pupil. - Lens.

5. The Front of The Eye 1- Eye lids. 2- Lacrimal glands. 3- Canthi. 4- Lacrimal canaliculi.

6. Anatomy of The Ear The ear is the sense organ of hearing. 1- External ear:. Auricle or ear pinna.. Auricle or ear pinna.. Ear canal.. Ear canal.. Tympanic membrane or ear drum.. Tympanic membrane or ear drum. 2- Middle ear:. 3 ossicles: malleus, incus and stapes.. 3 ossicles: malleus, incus and stapes. 3- Inner ear:. Cochlea, semicircular canal, vestibule.. Cochlea, semicircular canal, vestibule.

7. Disorders of The Eye Errors of refraction (ametropia): 1- Myopia. 1- Myopia. 2- Hypermetropia. 2- Hypermetropia. 3- Astigmatism. 3- Astigmatism.

8. Disorders of The Eye Cataracts Cataract is an opacity that forms on the lens or its capsule leading to loss of vision. Cataract removal either by: 1- Cryoextraction. 1- Cryoextraction. Or 2- Intracapsular cataract extraction.

9. Disorders of The Eye Glaucoma Glaucoma is an increase in the intraocular pressure due to atrophy of optic nerve and may result in blindness. Treatment: - Miotics. - Surgery: paracentesis of the cornea. partial iridectomy partial iridectomy iridodialysis. iridodialysis.

10. Disorders of The Eye Strabismus The eyes turn from the normal position and are not aimed in the same direction. - Exotropia. - Esotropia.

11. Disorders of The Ear Otitis Media It is infection of the middle ear: - Otodynia. - Otopyorrhea. - Myringorrhexis. Treatment is by analgesics, antibiotics or myrigotomy.

12. Disorders of The Ear Otosclerosis It is hardening of spongy bone around the oval window and the stapes is unable to move the oval window (ankylosis) causing hearing loss. Treated by stapedectomy.

13. WR/CF Related To The Eye ExampleMeaningWR/CF ambly/opia aque/ous blephar/edema chroid/it is cycl/o/dialysis dacry/o/rrhea dacryoadeno/ectomy emmetr/opia dull or dim watereyelidchoroid ciliary body tear tear gland correctambly/oaque/oblephar/ochroid/ocycl/odacry/odacryoaden/oemmetr/o

14. WR/CF Related To The Eye ExampleMeaningWR/CF irid/ectomy kerat/o/cele lacrim/a/tion opthalm/o/logist pupill/o/meter retin/al scler/it is vitre/ous iriscornea lacrimal duct eyepupilretina sclera, hard vitreous humor irid/okerat/olacrim/oopthalm/opupll/oretin/oscler/ovitre/o

15. WR/CF Related To The Ear ExampleMeaningWR/CF audi/o/meter labyrinth/itis mastoid/itis ot/o/scope presby/cusis salping/itis staped/ectomy tympan/o/plasty hearing Inner ear mastoid process ear old age Eustachian tube, oviductstapes ear drum audi/olabyrinth/omastoid/oot/opresby/osalping/ostaped/omyring/o

16. Suffixes Related To The Eye ExampleMeaningSuffix emmetr/opia ex/o/tropia heter/opsia visionturningvision-opia-o/tropia opsi-

17. Suffixes Related To The Ear ExampleMeaningSuffix ana/cusis ot/o/mycosis ot/o/pyorrhea hearing fungal infection purulent (pus) discharge -cusis-o/mycosis o/pyorrhea-

18. Surgical and Other Terms Related To The Special Senses Page 310 - 313

19. Answer Worksheets 1-6 Page 314 - 323