2. Network Topologies

3. What’s in the Works   Define Network Topology   Show models of the three major types.   List advantages and disadvantages.   Vocabulary   Summary

4. Topology is: the physical layout of the local area network(LAN) How the network is put together! Topology - Physical arrangement of network nodes and media within an enterprise networking structure.

5. Types of Topologies  1. Bus  2. Star  3. Ring

6. The Bus Layout This is the physical layout for a typical bus network.

7. A bus topology uses one long cable, called the backbone. Short cables, called drop cables, can be attached to the backbone using t- connectors. The backbone is terminated at both ends. Think of a bus as a small one street town (the bus) Each person has a driveway (the drop). They (the data) can drive from house to house(the NIC card).

8. Ethernet Star Think of an airline. Anytime you (the data) go across the country you have to travel to destination hubs such as Phoenix, Dallas, or Chicago (network hubs or switches) before you get to your destination.

9. Star topologies use a central device with drop cables extending in all directions. It uses point to point links from a central connecting device called a hub.

10. Ring Topology

11. Token passing - Access method by which network devices access the physical medium in an orderly fashion based on possession of a small frame called a token. Imagine you (data) are at Yosemite Valley and the only way you may go to another site (workstation) is to hop on the tour trolley (token). When you get off other people(data) hope on the token. The road (network media) only loops the valley.

12. Source Destination A free token is routed around the ring. As it passes around the ring, it polls devices on the network to see if they want to transmit data.

13. Advantages and Disadvantages Bus Topology AdvantagesDisadvantages Low cost to create High management cost Less media used Difficult to troubleshoot One goes down, doesn’t affect rest. All units affected by media failure.

14. Advantages and Disadvantages Star Topology Easy to configure Easy to troubleshoot One goes down it doesn’t affect rest. AdvantagesDisadvantages more costly uses more media If hub fails, entire network fails Hub can become bottlenecked

15. AdvantagesDisadvantages Advantages and Disadvantages Cable faults easily identified. It can span longer distances. Each host repeats and amplifies signal. More difficult to install media failure on a single unidirectional loop cause complete network failure COST Ring Topology Less Collisions

16. Vocabulary

17. Checking for Understanding Topology - Physical arrangement of network nodes and media within an enterprise networking structure. There are three basic Topologies Bus Star Token Ring Each topology has it’s own advantages and disadvantages. You need to design your network according strengths and weaknesses of each.

18. NETWORK PROTOCOLS l Network Protocol: the “language” that computers use to communicate over a network.

19. NETWORK PROTOCOLS l TCP/IP l Transmission Control Protocol / Internet Protocol l Most common protocol in use l Oldest protocol in use l Each device has its own network ID number (209.231.13.42)

20. NETWORK PROTOCOLS l AppleTalk l Can work over LocalTalk or Ethernet l Some complain that it’s “chatty” l Used since 1984 with Macs l Can be used with Windows

21. NETWORK PROTOCOLS l NetBUI l Original Windows networking protocol l Macs can’t use it l Not as stable or cross platform as TCP/IP

22. NETWORK PROTOCOLS l IPX l Novell Protocol l Can be used with DOS, Windows, and Macs l Used to be most popular protocol before Windows NT.

23. Peer-To-Peer l Any modern computer can share its files over the network l Much slower than Server l Should only be used with 1 other computer at a time

24. Client-Server l Typical network setup l Server can serve files, printing jobs, email, web pages, etc.