2. Geography

3. Located on the western side of South America, near present day Peru and Chile. The Andes mountains separate coastal desert from the Amazon jungle. Did not live in the jungle The Inca lived in the mountains and along the coast

4. Government Ruled by the Sapa Inca. –All powerful. –Considered to be a God Very organized. Many layers of government. Laws are enforced by local officials. They would hear the evidence, decide guilt, and carry out the punishment. When they conquer a new tribe, they send people to the new tribe to teach them the Inca’s ways.

5. Fashions/Clothing –Sapa Inca wears colorful embroidered clothes. –Nobles wear large gold earplugs and tunics made from finely woven cloth. –Ordinary people wear a simple tunic and cloak with sandals. –Clothing was often made out of the wool from llamas and alpacas.

6. Fashions/Clothing

7. History Ruled present day Peru and Chile from around 1300 AD to 1532 AD. Conquered many smaller lands as they expanded.

8. History End was sudden –260 Spanish soldiers under Francisco Pizarro arrived around 1532 AD. –Pizzaro captured the Sapa Inca, defeated the Inca armies and took over the capital city of Cuzco.

9. Fun Facts No Written Language Used Quipus (Key- poo), lengths of knotted string attached to a central cord. –Color stands for what is being counted. –Various knots stand for different numbers.

10. Fun Facts They believed in several gods. –Viracocha, the creator. –Inti, the sun god. Inti was the father of the Sapa Inca. There was a temple to Inti at the heart of all cities and towns. They sacrificed animals to their gods, and sometimes even sacrificed people.

11. Unanswered Questions They had no writing Our sources of information about the Incas –Spanish conquerers –Archaeology, dig up remains and study what they find Mummies

12. Unanswered Questions What did they think about the Spanish when they arrived? What did they do for entertainment? How did it start?

13. Unanswered Questions

14. They left behind beautiful and precise stone work. However, they had no iron tools to carve the stones. How did they build them?

15. Sources The Inca Empire, Sandra Newman 2010. The Inca Empire, Jane Bingham 2007. Peru, Sarah De Capua 2005. Welcome to Peru, Dora Yip, 2002. Eyewitness Aztec, Inca & Maya, Elizabeth Baquedano, 2005. Lost City, The Discovery of Machu Picchu, Ted Levin, 2003.