1. Chapter 11 Energy in Thermal Processes Heat and Internal Energy
Specific Heat
Calorimetry
Latent Heat and Phase Change
Energy Transfer

2. James Prescott Joule 1818 – 1889 British physicist
Conservation of Energy
Relationship between heat and other forms of energy transfer

3. Heat and Internal Energy
What is Heat?
What are the units of Heat?
What is Internal Energy?
Energy Transfer

4. Specific Heat What is specific Heat? Units of specific Heat
Heat and specific Heat

5. A Consequence of Different Specific Heats
Water has a high specific heat compared to land
On a hot day, the air above the land warms faster
The warmer air flows upward and cooler air moves toward the beach

6. Calorimeter
What is a Calorimeter?
How do I use it?

7. Calorimeter - Example
The temperature of a 0.05 kg ingot of metal is raised to °C, and the ingot is then dropped into a light, insulated beaker containing 0.40 kg of water initially at 20.0 °C. If the final equilibrium temperature of the mixed system is 22.4 °C, find the specific heat of the metal.

8. Phase Changes What is a phase change? Types of phases change
Solid to liquid – melting
Liquid to gas – boiling
What is changing during Phases change?
What is latent heat?
SI units of latent heat
What is sublimation?

9. Graph of Ice to Steam

10. Warming Ice

11. Melting Ice

12. Warming Water

13. Boiling Water

14. Heating Steam

15. Extra Credit
A iron horseshoe of mass mi initially at temperature Ti °C is dropped into a bucket containing mw kg of water at temperature Tw °C. Find using energy conservation an expression of the final equilibrium temperature Tf? Neglect any energy transfer to or from the surrounding. Let cw be the specific heat of water and ci be the specific heat of iron.

16. Methods of Heat Transfer
Need to know the rate at which energy is transferred
Need to know the mechanisms responsible for the transfer
Methods include
Conduction
Convection
Radiation

17. Conduction

18. Convection

19. Radiation