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Lesson 12 Paying Your Taxes
Look up tax rates and amounts for standard deduction, maximum FICA wages for current year and update slides.
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Key Terms 1040EZ 1099INT 1099MISC FICA Gross Income Income Tax
Standard Deduction Tax Audit Tax Deduction Tax Exemption Tax Refund Tax Table W-2 W-4
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Taxes Money taken from your paycheck by the government to pay for government services Military Roads Other Entitlements Unemployment Welfare Types of taxes Payroll Taxes Income Tax
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What Does the Federal Government Use Taxes For?
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What Are Payroll Taxes? Money taken from your paycheck to pay for services you may directly receive (now or in the future) Called Federal Insurance Contributions Act (FICA) Taxes Since you may receive direct benefit from these services, it is a form of insurance FICA taxes Social Security (FICA-SS) Money you will receive when you reach retirement (currently age 65) Amount of benefit you will receive is capped, so you only pay FICA-SS on a maximum of $110,100 (in 2012) of earnings Current rate: 6.2% of all earnings below $110,100 Look up and revise maximum FICA-SS every year as necessary
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Your employer is required to match your FICA contributions
Medicare Pays for health care for those individuals who qualify for it Intended primarily for retirees over age 65 Current tax rate: 1.45% of all earnings Your employer is required to match your FICA contributions You pay 7.65% of your income in FICA contributions Your employer has to provide an identical amount from its earnings to the government The cost of your labor to an employer is more than just the wage you earn! Look up and revise Medicare tax rate annually as required
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What Is Income Tax? Tax the government collects on each income earner to use for government services Taxes withheld from each of your paychecks and sent by your employer to the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) Government agency in charge of collecting taxes Amount withheld varies based on tax allowances claimed on W-4
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A Note on Tax Allowances
When you get a job, you will fill out a W-4 form claiming how many allowances you want on your income tax withholding Can get 1 allowance for each member of your household Additional allowance possible The number of allowances will determine how much is withheld from each paycheck The more allowances, the less withheld from your paycheck IRS publishes withholding tables telling employers how much to withhold from your paycheck based on your earnings & number of allowances Intent is to minimize the amount you may have to pay in taxes at the end of the year when you file your tax return Show W-4 to class. Look up latest W-4 annually and revise as necessary.
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US Federal Tax System Progressive income tax
The more you make, the larger percentage of your income you pay in income tax Tax rate determined by tax brackets Different parts of your taxable income are taxed at different rates
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Taxable Income Gross Income (total of all income earned through work, investments, etc.) minus allowed tax deductions Tax deduction – something the IRS allows you to deduct off of your income Tax deductions reduce your taxable income
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Types of Tax Deductions
Standard Deduction – flat amount set annually by the IRS $9,750 for tax year 2012 Itemized deductions – sum total of all allowed tax deductions (charitable contributions, property taxes, mortgage interest, etc.) Can only use one or the other, not both Usually use larger amount of the two Cannot itemize deductions if using 1040EZ
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Example of Taxable Income
Gross Income (sum total of all income earned through work, investment, interest on savings accounts, etc.) $35,000 Standard Deduction $9,750 Taxable Income (gross income – standard deduction) $25,250
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Tax Brackets 2012 Single Adult
Taxable Income Earned Between Tax Rate $0 - $8,700 10% $8,700 - $35,350 15% $35,350 - $85,650 25% $85,650 - $178,650 28% $178,650 - $388,350 33% $388,350 + 35% Look up annually and revise as necessary Source:
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Taxable Income Between
Example Gross Income $75,000 Taxable Income $65,250 Taxable Income Between Amount Tax Rate Tax Liability $0 - $8,700 $8,700 10% $870.00 $8,700 - $35,350 $26,650 15% $3,997.50 $35,350 - $85,650 $29,900 25% $7,475.00 Total Tax Liability $12,342.50 Effective Tax Rate 16.46% Change annually as tax brackets and percentages change
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When Do I Pay My Taxes? Employer pays your taxes to the IRS throughout year After end of the calendar year, you must determine if you have paid enough, too little, or too much Too little: must pay more Too much: you will get a refund
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You must file a tax return every year with the IRS showing
How much you earned How much you paid in income tax How much you should have paid in income tax and Whether you still owe more or should get a refund Deadline: April 15 (or April 16 or 17 if April 15 is on a weekend) Do tax return as early as possible to determine if getting refund or owe money If you owe money, this gives you more time to come up with the money you owe File as early as possible if getting refund
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What Do I Need To File My Tax Return?
Appropriate 1040 form (1040, 1040A, 1040EZ) W-2s from all employers from previous year 1099-INTs from all interest-earning accounts 1099-DIVs from all investments for which you were paid dividends 1099-MISC for all other sources of income not covered by previous forms You should receive all forms by the end of January each year Receipts/documentation for deductions (if itemizing) Not needed if using 1040EZ
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1040, 1040A, 1040EZ: Which One To Use? 1040EZ 1040A & 1040
Taxable income below $100,000 Filing status Single or Married Filing Jointly Under age 65 and not blind Not claiming any dependents Interest income $1,500 or less Not claiming any additional deductions for real estate taxes, taxes on purchase of new motor vehicle, or disaster losses Most appropriate form for teenagers and young adults 1040A & 1040 For more complicated tax situations Check with IRS or accountant to see which form you need to use Check IRS Web site (link in slide) to see if anything has changed.
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Steps To Filling Out 1040EZ Step 1: Determine Gross Income
Add up income on all W-2s and 1099s There are separate lines on 1040EZ for this Step 2: Determine Taxable Income Figure out Standard Deduction (will be less than normal if you are claimed on someone else’s tax return) Subtract Standard Deduction from Gross Income Step 3: Determine How Much You Paid in Taxes Add up all taxes paid shown on W-2s and 1099s
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Step 4: Determine How Much You Should Have Paid in Taxes
Based on your Taxable Income (the smaller amount), look up your tax liability in the tax tables in the 1040EZ Instructions Step 5: Determine Your Refund or Amount You Owe If the amount you paid is more than the amount you should have paid, you will get a refund If the amount you paid is less than the amount you should have paid, you will owe the IRS money See 1040EZ extract from 2006 to show them tax tables. These tax tables should be given to them along with VBPF Lesson 12 Computer Exercise; have them use the tax table to determine the tax liability on the taxable income instead of trying to do the calculation.
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How Do I File My Taxes Mail in Paper Copy of All Tax Documents Online
Takes longer for IRS to process Delays getting your refund if you are due one Online May be able to file directly from IRS Web site Can use tax software (TurboTax, TaxCut, etc.) to file electronically Normally pay fee to do this
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How Can I Receive My Refund?
Paper Check Mailed to You Takes longer to receive refund Direct Deposit Quickest way to receive refund
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