1. Lesson 4
Paychecks and Taxes

2. Objectives After studying this lesson you will be able to
explain the difference between gross pay and net pay.
discuss the use of W-4 and W-2 Forms.
complete a Form 1040EZ federal income tax return.

3. Words to Know pay period gross pay net pay W-4 Form dependent W-2 Form
Internal Revenue Service (IRS)
income tax
Federal Insurance Contributions Act (FICA)
Form 1040EZ

4. Payday
A payday is the day you are paid for work you have already performed.
Discuss: If you are (or were) employed, how long did you work before receiving your first paycheck?

5. Pay Period
Pay Period – A length of time for which an employee’s wages are calculated.
Most businesses have weekly, biweekly, semimonthly, or monthly pay periods.
Most companies delay payday for a week or more to do proper record keeping.
Discuss: How often do the employees you know receive paychecks?
Discuss: If you know someone who receives a paycheck once a month, what are the pros and cons expressed about this time frame?

6. Paychecks and Paycheck Deductions
Your paycheck stub will state your gross pay, net pay, and deductions.
Gross Pay – The total amount of money earned during a pay period.
Net Pay – The amount of money left after all deductions have been taken from the gross pay.

7. Paychecks and Paycheck Deductions
Common deductions are
federal and state income taxes
health insurance contributions
charitable contributions
social security and medicare taxes
union dues and uniforms
pensions and savings plans
Discuss: If you have received a paycheck, were you surprised at the amount subtracted for deductions?

8. A Paycheck Stub Questions:
1. How long is Juan’s pay period? (from Oct. 24 through Oct. 31)
2. How many hours did Juan work? (25 regular hours; 0 overtime hours)
3. List the types and amounts of Juan’s payroll deductions. ($56.25 for federal income tax, $6.25 for state income tax, $26.34 for social security tax, $4.57 for medicare tax, $1.35 for state unemployment and disability insurance)
4. How much has Juan earned this year? ($7, )
5. How much did he earn this week? ($280.24)
6. After comparing gross income to the number of hours worked, what is Juan's hourly pay rate? ($15)

9. The W-4 Form
W-4 Form – Employee’s Withholding Allowance Certificate, a form filled out by an employee when beginning a new job.
It determines how much pay to withhold for taxes after considering allowances such as dependents.
Dependent – A person, such as a child or nonworking adult, who relies on a taxpayer for financial support.

10. The W-4 Form The form contains instructions (top)
a part (middle) to keep for your records
a part (bottom) to give to your employer
Note: Employees update this form whenever they have additional dependents to declare.

11. The W-2 Form
Workers receive a W-2 Form every January from every employer that paid them wages in the prior year.
W-2 Form – Wage and tax statement; a form showing how much a worker was paid and how much income was withheld for taxes in a given year.
Note: At least three, and often four, copies of the W-2 Form are mailed to employees so enough forms are available. One copy is for the federal tax return, one is for the state tax return, and one goes into the individual’s file.

12. The W-2 Form
You attach this to your annual tax statements.

13. Think About It
Employers must provide a W-2 Form to employees by January 31.
Anyone who doesn’t receive the forms by Feb. 15 is required to contact the IRS for further directions.

14. Taxes Paying taxes is one of your responsibilities as a wage earner.
Tax money pays for government services such as public education, the armed forces, and social security.
Internal Revenue Service (IRS) – The agency that enforces federal tax laws and collects taxes.
Discuss: Why do you think so few people are happy with the U.S. tax system?

15. Income Tax Income Tax – A tax on all forms of earnings.
The federal government, most states, and many cities place a tax on income.

16. Did You Know?
The nation’s first income tax was enacted by Congress to finance the Civil War.
Source:

17. Social Security Tax
Federal Insurance Contributions Act (FICA) – An act that allows the federal government to reserve a percentage of a paycheck for social security tax.
Taxes for social security are figured as a percentage of earnings.

18. Social Security Tax
The paycheck deduction for this tax appears under the heading of FICA.
Whatever the employee pays, the employer pays a matching amount.
Medicare is the part of social security that covers hospital and medical insurance.
Discuss: Do you have any opinions about some of the proposals expressed for updating the social security system?

19. Filing a Federal Income Tax Return
Your federal tax return must be filed by April 15 each year.
Failing to receive the proper forms in the mail is no excuse for not filing.

20. Think About It
What should you do if you don’t receive a form in the mail for filing your income tax return?
From where can these forms be obtained?
Answer: It is the taxpayer’s responsibility to obtain the proper forms in another way.
Answer: Tax forms are generally available at local libraries, banks, post offices, and local IRS offices. The forms are always available at

21. Form 1040EZ
Form 1040EZ – The simplest income tax return form to complete.
Most new employees meet the conditions for using this single-page form.
Note: All personal forms for filing federal income tax begin with the numbers Form 1040 and Form 1040A are used for more complex filings.

22. Completing Your Tax Return
Read all instructions carefully before beginning your tax return and seek help if needed.
You begin by printing your full name, address, and social security number.
In future years, you will transfer the label from the form that arrives in the mail.
Either round all figures to the nearest dollar or specify amounts to the penny.

23. Completing Your Tax Return
Taxpayers must report the following:
all income
all allowable deductions
total taxes owed, as identified in the tax tables of the 1040 form
total income withheld by employers for taxes
the amount of additional taxes owed or the amount of the refund due (if too much income was held for taxes)

24. Completing Your Tax Return
Remember that income includes wages, salaries, tips, interest, and all other forms of compensation.
You can choose to have a refund applied to next year’s tax bill.
The correct copy of your W-2 Form must be attached to the specified area of your statement.
Note: Other forms of compensation that must be reported as income include unemployment compensation, alimony, and child support.

25. Sign Your Return Don’t forget to sign your return.
By doing so, you declare that all the information you provided is true and accurate.

26. Think About It You must read this line before adding your signature:
“Under penalties of perjury, I declare that I have examined this return, and to the best of my knowledge and belief, it is true, correct, and accurately lists all amounts and sources of income I received during the tax year.”
Note: The crime of “perjury” involves lying or making verifiably false statements. Serious cases merit stiff fines and sometimes jail time.

27. State Income Tax
If your state collects income tax, that return is due at the same time as the federal income tax return.

28. Tax Penalties Redo statements as needed so they are accurate.
File tax forms on time.
The IRS imposes stiff penalties for filing late, lying, and cheating.

29. Think About It Identify the difference between gross pay and net pay.
Explain the purpose of each:
W-2 Form
W-4 Form
List the steps involved in filling out an income tax return.

30. Chapter 23: In the Know
A paycheck stub lists gross pay, deductions, and net pay.
W-4 Forms are filled out by new employees to determine how much pay to withhold for taxes.
W-2 Forms tell employees how much income they received from each employer and how much was withheld for taxes.
Taxpayers must file accurate information in the correct forms by April 15 of each year.
There are penalties for missing the deadline, not filing, or filing a false return.

31. Chapter 23: Think More About It
Why do you need a W-2 Form to complete a 1040EZ?
How does the information you provide on a W-4 Form affect your taxes?
What should you do if the information on your W-2 Form doesn’t match your paycheck stubs?