4. Open Ocean, Deep Seas, & Vents Jeopardy 100 200 100 200 300 400 500 300 400 500 100 200 300 400 500 100 200 300 400 500 100 200 300 400 500 Characteristics Inverts & autotrophs VertebratesAdaptations Issues

5. Characteristics-100 Points This ecosystem is found most commonly at mid-ocean ridges. What are hydrothermal vents?

6. Characteristics-200 Points Hydrothermal vent ecosystems have an abundance of this due to outgassing of the mantle. What are nutrients?

7. Characteristics- 300 Points This ecosystem has an abundance of light, low nutrient availability, abundant oxygen, and a temperature range between -3 degrees to 36 degrees Celsius. What is the Open Ocean?

8. Characteristics- 400 Points This ecosystem has very little to no light, abundant nutrients, adequate oxygen levels, and very low temperatures. What is the Deep Sea?

9. Characteristics- 500 Points This is why Open Ocean ecosystems have such low abundance of life. What is low and variable nutrient availability which leads to low productivity and therefore a lack of food in the Open Ocean?

10. Inverts & Autotrophs – 100 Points The autotrophs found in this ecosystem are phytoplankton. What is the Open Ocean?

11. Inverts and Autotrophs-200 Points The bloodbelly combjelly, vampire squid, firefly squid, Johnson’s sea cucumber, and dumbo octopus are all invertebrates found in this ecosystem. What is the Deep Sea?

12. Inverts & autotrophs - 300 Points These are the two types of autotrophs found living at hydrothermal vents. What are free-living bacteria and symbiotic bacteria ?

13. Inverts & Autotrophs-400 Points True or False: Chemosynthesis is the process that allows organisms to survive in the deep sea without sunlight and photosynthesis. What is FALSE – Chemosynthesis is the process that allows organisms to survive at hydrothermal vents ?

14. Inverts & Autotrophs - 500 Points These are three invertebrates found living at hydrothermal vents. What are the Pompeii worm, Riftia worm, Blind crab, vent shrimp, vent crab, Galtheid crab, Vent octopus, vent mussel, vent clam?

15. Vertebrates- 100 Points This ecosystem has the following vertebrates: megamouth shark, anglerfish, and viperfish. What is the Deep Sea?

16. Vertebrates- 200 Points This ecosystem has many migratory nekton including gray whales, sei whales, and pilot whales. What is the Open Ocean?

17. Vertebrates- 300 Points This ecosystem has very few vertebrates. What is hydrothermal vents?

18. Vertebrates- 400 Points These are two vertebrates found living at hydrothermal vents. What are vent ratfish and zoarchid fish?

19. Vertebrates- 500 Points This ecosystem includes vertebrates like sardines, anchovetta, and mackerel. What is the Open Ocean?

20. Adaptations- 100 points This is an adaptation that allows the many deep sea organisms to remain camouflaged from their predators in the Deep Sea. What is red coloration?

21. Adaptations- 200 points This is an adaptation shown by gray whales which helps them capture their prey in a cooperation with each other. What is bubblenetting?

22. Adaptations- 300 points This is one adaptation that allows organisms in the Deep Sea and Hydrothermal vents to survive where there is a scarcity of food and or variability in access to food. What is a slow metabolism?

23. DAILY DOUBLE – Adaptations- 400 points This is an adaptation shown between several vent organisms (like the vent mussel) and some of the bacteria found living at hydrothermal vents. What mutualistic symbiosis?

24. Adaptations- 500 points This is an adaptation shown by the Riftia worm that helps it provide easier access to the Hydrogen Sulfide molecules the microbes in the tubeworm’s trophosome need for chemosynthesis to occur. What is Sulfide-binding?

25. Issues- 100 Points This issue impacting the Deep sea is the purposeful dumping of toxic or radioactive materials in the ocean. What is Ocean Dumping?

26. Issues- 200 Points This issue impacting the Open Ocean is the accidental capture of organisms besides the target species. What is bycatch?

27. Issues- 300 Points This issue impacting the Deep Sea results in destruction of the seafloor and vents and is driven by our need for minerals like manganese. What is Mineral Extraction?

28. Issues- 400 Points This issue impacting the Open Ocean results from oil spills, river runoff, pollution from shipping, and waste disposal. What is chemical pollution?

29. Issues- 500 Points These are three destructive fishing practices impacting the Open Ocean. What are purse-seining, long-lining, bottom-trawling, sonar fishing, and overfishing?

30. The velocity of a current in the Pacific ocean that a drift bottle has moved 480 miles in 10 days in is this. FINAL JEOPARDY! What is 2 nautical miles per hour?