2. DISASTER PREPAREDNESS A KEY ELEMENT OF BECOMING DISASTER RESILIENT Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction, University of North Carolina, USA

4. A FOCUS ON SOLVING COMPLEX PROBLEMS ENCOUNTERED DURING EVACUATION A PART OF DISASTER PREPAREDNESS

5. PURPOSE: To show that extraordinary innovation will be needed to solve challenging problems associated with moving people and assets out of harm’s way of the potential disaster agents of eminent natural hazards

6. CHALLENGING EVACUATION PROBLEMS TIMING AND LOGISTICS THE SAFE HAVEN THE ELDERLY THE VERY YOUNG THE HANDICAPPED THE POOREST OF THE POOR PETS and LIVESTOCK

7. CHALLENGING EVACUATION PROBLEMS MASS CARE LAW AND ORDER IN A DESERTED CITY TOURISTS PILGRIMS MILITARY ASSETS ENERGY ASSETS

8. NATURAL HAZARDS FOR WHICH EVACUATION IS TYPICAL FLOODS HURRICANES TYPHOONS TSUNAMIS VOLCANIC ERUPTIONS WILDFIRES HIGH BENEFIT/COST FOR SAVING LIVES, BUT LOW BENEFIT/COST FOR PROTECTING PROPERTY GOAL: MOVE PEOPLE OUT OF HARM’S WAY

9. DISASTERS OCCUR WHEN--- A COMMUNITY’S PUBLIC POLICIES ALLOW IT TO BE … UN—PREPARED

10. COMMUNITYCOMMUNITY DATA BASES AND INFORMATION HAZARDS: GROUND SHAKING GROUND FAILURE SURFACE FAULTING TECTONIC DEFORMATION TSUNAMI RUN UP AFTERSHOCKS NATURAL HAZARDS INVENTORY VULNERABILITY LOCATION RISK ASSESSMENT RISK ACCEPTABLE RISK UNACCEPTABLE RISK GOAL: DISASTER RESILIENCE PREPAREDNESS PROTECTION EMERGENCY RESPONSE RECOVERY IENCE FOUR PILLARS OF RESILIENCE

11. GLOBAL GOAL: FROM UN—PREPARED TO A STATE OF PREPAREDNESS FOR ALL CITIES AND ALL NATURAL HAZARDS

12. EXAMPLES OF THE COMPLEX CHALLENGES FACED IN EVACUATION MOVING PEOPLE AND ASSETS OUT OF HARM’S WAY ON FOOT, BY LAND, BY WATER, OR BY AIR

13. EVACUATION ASSOCIATED WITH FLOODS

15. EVACUATIONS TO ESCAPE FLOODING THREAT

16. SINUIJU, NORTH KOREA: INUNDATION BY ANNOK (YALU ) RIVER: 2010

17. The Dandong flooding in 2010 was China’s worst flood season in over a decade.

18. Flooding forced the evacuation of 94,000 people in the north China port city of Dandong, an area near the boundary with North Korea, after heavy rains caused China’s Yalu River to breach its banks.

19. RIVERS BURST BANKS AND BREACHED DAMS IN CENTRAL EUROPE AFTER WEEKS OF RAIN POLAND, HUNGARY, GERMANY, CZECH REPUBLIC, … MAY – JUNE, 2010

20. EVACUATING CHILDREN

21. MASS EVACUATION

22. SAVING A HORSE

23. SAVING CATTLE: MAY 17

24. FLOODING: COCKERMOUTH, UK; NOV. 2009

25. EACUATION: CUMBRIA AREA

26. EVACUATION ASSOCIATIED WITH HURRICANES AND TYPHOONS

27. EACUATING NEW ORLEANS: AUG, 2005 HURRICANE KATRINA SHOWED THAT EVACUATION IS A COMPLEX ENDEAVOR THAT HAS THE POTENTIAL FOR CAUSING A DISASTER ALL BY ITSELF.

28. HURRICANE RITA: EVACUATING HOUSTON

29. LESSON LEARNED FROM EVACUATION IN NEW ORLEANS Hurricane Katrina, August 29-30, 2005 Instead of being a safe haven, as envisioned, New Orleans’ Super Dome became a setting for disaster.

30. EVACUATION: PEMEX OIL AND GAS PLATFORM IN GULF OF MEXICO: AUG 2007

31. HURRICANE IRENE, AUG. 24, 2011: EVACUATIONS START IN OUTER BANKS

32. EVACUATION ASSOCIATED WITH TSUNAMIS TIMELY RAPID VERTICAL EVAC- UATION IS THE KEY!

33. TSUNAMI (JAPAN): ADVANCE WARNING OF 10-15 MINUTES TOO SHORT FOR AN EFFECTIVE EVACUATION: MARCH 2011

34. NO WARNING SYSTEM; NO EVACUATION: DECEMBER 26, 2004 Over 200,000 deaths after the December 26, 2004 tsunami.

35. EVACUATION ASSOCIATED WITH VOLCANIC ERUPTIONS

36. MOUNT PINATUBO, THE PHILIPPINES: 1991

37. TOUSANDS EVACUATED AND MILITARY PLANES RELOCATED OUT OF HARM’S WAY

38. EVACUATION ASSOCIATED WITH WILDFIRES

39. WILDFIRE: BIG SUR, CA; JULY 4 TH, 2008 t

40. WILDFIRE: GOLETA, CA AREA By Friday evening, July 4 th, residents of 5,000 homes were ordered to evacuate.

41. WILDFIRE IN MOUNT HYMETTE (NEAR ATHENS): JULY 16, 2007

42. WILDFIRE IN GREECE CAUSES MASS EVACUATIONS

43. FROM POLICY TO BEST PRACTICES IN EVACUATION A city’s policies for evacuation become best practices when people and assets have been moved out of harm’s ways successfully, no matter how complex the problem.

44. EVACUATION WILL ALWAYS BE A CHALLNGE BE READY FOR COMPLEX PROBLEMS BE CREATIVE AND YOU WILL BE ABLE TO SOLVE THEM BE READY FOR COMPLEX PROBLEMS BE CREATIVE AND YOU WILL BE ABLE TO SOLVE THEM