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FACULTY OF HEALTH FACULTY OF HEALTH AND TILT Megan Quentin-Baxter Professor of TELT 5 November 2014 Learning to love ‘open’ #ausoer14.

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Presentation on theme: "FACULTY OF HEALTH FACULTY OF HEALTH AND TILT Megan Quentin-Baxter Professor of TELT 5 November 2014 Learning to love ‘open’ #ausoer14."— Presentation transcript:

1 FACULTY OF HEALTH FACULTY OF HEALTH AND TILT Megan Quentin-Baxter Professor of TELT 5 November 2014 Learning to love ‘open’ #ausoer14

2 Learning to love ‘open’ –Dr Megan Quentin-Baxter, Professor of Technology Enhanced Learning and Teaching (since June 2014). –Previously Professor of Health Professions Education, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University (UK). Worked closely with the Higher Education Academy, Jisc, Leadership Foundation, and the UK Research Councils. –SCORE Fellow. Led major ‘open’ projects in the UK e.g. OOER; PORSCHE; ACTOR; PublishOER; ‘Professional & Statutory (Regulatory) Body/Subject Associations’; FRRIICT; 'OER International’; iridium and Co-Curate Northeast. Co-chaired OER14, Newcastle, April 2014. –Loving living in Tasmania.

3 Open academic practice –The “most important legacies that [open] will leave are improving teaching and encouraging institutions to develop distinctive missions” John Daniel, (2012) Making Sense of MOOCs http://jime.open.ac.uk/article/2012-18/pdf http://jime.open.ac.uk/article/2012-18/pdf All URLs accessed Oct 30, 2014 –[All URLs accessed Oct 30, 2014]

4 University of Tasmania –Founding member of OERu –“Opening UTAS to the world would serve four key purposes: –promote the UTAS reputation and brand in areas of specialisation and research expertise; –grow enrolments in UTAS delivered courses; –contribute to areas of social and community need; and –enhance curriculum offerings. –In meeting these four purposes, a range of our learning and teaching resources can be used, from individual resources (i.e. learning objects) through to modules, units and ultimately fully creditable courses.” University of Tasmania TELT White Paper 2013

5 University of Tasmania –Provide open access to first year material for a unit (the full 13 weeks) in each of a range of our key Faculty of Health courses (Pharmacy, Medicine, Psychology, BMedRes, Paramedicine) –The material needs to be IP compliant –It needs to be searchable from the web –It needs to be sustainable and maintainable –The usage needs to be evaluated and linked to enrolment and progression/ retention data Justin Walls, Associate Dean

6 University of Tasmania –Student engagement and support – enhancing the student learning environment –Rethinking the process of learning/pedagogy (andragogy) –Educating educators to facilitate learning –Promoting co-creation and co-curation –Development of professional (employability) skills –Promoting transparency –Capitalising on new opportunities in research –Developing new business models –Managing risk –Developing leaders

7 Image ©Higher Education Academy, used with consent cc-by

8 Learning to love ‘open’ Justifications for OEP and OER have included: –Openly sharing the product of public funding. –Royalty-free texts and journals. –Simplifying licensing of resources for authors and educators. –Packaging and indexing educational materials so they are easier to find and use. –Nurturing online communities of authors and educators. –Growing ‘open education’ as a field and a movement.

9 Learning to love ‘open’ –Some evidence has shown that students given access to course materials in advance learn in less time and to a higher standard Lovett, M., Meyer, O., Thille, C. (2008). The Open Learning Initiative: Measuring the Effectiveness of the OLI Statistics Course in Accelerating Student Learning. JIME http://jime.open.ac.uk/article/2008-14/352 http://jime.open.ac.uk/article/2008-14/352

10 Disruptive technology –Academic papers – open publishing: publicly funded research ‘free at the point of use’ –Open access to publicly funded research data –Open educational resources (OER) –MOOCs and open courses –OpenCourseWare, EdX, Coursera, Udacity, FutureLearn, OERu, etc. –Social networking Consumer ‘pull’ rather than course push

11 Jack Andraka ©National Geographic, http://newswatch.nationalgeographic.com/2013/04/10/teen-genius-develops-cancer-test/

12 Disruptive technology –“Imagine a world in which every single person is given free access to the sum of all human knowledge.” Jimmy Wales, Wikipedia Sugata Mitra, Professor of Educational Technology (image ©Newcastle University, used with permission and consent

13 Intellectual property rights (IPR) What rights does a copyright owner have? –A copyright owner has economic and moral rights –Economic rights cover copyright owner acts, including copy the work, distribute (e.g. making it available on-line), rent, lend, perform, show, or adapt it –Owners can waive, assign, licence or sell their economic rights –Moral rights can be waived, but not licensed or assigned, and include the right to: –Be identified as the author –Deny a work (that an author did not create) –Object to derogatory treatment of the work ©Newcastle University 2010 CC-BY

14 Intellectual property rights (IPR) Using licensed works: –A licence (a set of rules) describes how copyright materials may be used by others –Licensing schemes such as Creative Commons that both authors (owners) and users can access without royalty –Creative Commons provides different licences that can be combined together –Owners licence others to use their content –Users obey the terms of the licence –If both sides observe the rules then both parties are instantly protected from copyright infringement ©Newcastle University 2010 CC-BY

15 WWW.MEDEV.AC.UK Creative Commons: creativecommons.org/about/licenses/creativecommons.org/about/licenses/

16 Consent ©2002 Transportation Security Administration, image of Dr Susan Hallowell, Director, Research Lab, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ba ckscatter_X-ray accessed Sept 2012. All rights reserved. Used with permission. Consent obtained, and fully reserved (anyone wishing to use this please obtain consent). http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ba ckscatter_X-ray ©2012 Newcastle University, Megan Quentin-Baxter

17 Consent –Gaining consent from someone participating in the development of an educational resource is slightly different to copyright permission (although it may overlap with IP 'moral rights'). –Copyright is an automatic right, consent lies with the 13 principles of the Privacy Act (1988). –The Act requires that we obtain consent to process personal data, and explicit consent to process sensitive personal data.

18 #DURBBU 9 JAN 2013

19 Risk management –If resources can be copied digitally then the author should assume that they are ‘open’ whether licensed or not. –Risk management is about balancing the possibility against the probability of being sued. –There is no such thing as ‘anonymising’ patient or other human-derived information. –Good practice exists already and is made up of: adoption of appropriate policies (rules); and developing processes for embedding the principles /policies via role modeling, staff development, negotiation, etc. –Institutional policy and practice – where systems are in place they are too complex to work in practice.

20 Good practice compliance table (managing risk) ExplanationRisk of litigation from infringement of IPR/copyright or patient consent rights Action 3Institutional policies are clearly in place to enable resources to pass stringent ‘permission’ and ‘consent’ checks. Low. Institution follows best practice and has effective take down strategies. Institution able to legally pursue those infringing the institution’s rights. Periodically test resources against policies to keep policies under review. Keep abreast of media stories. Limited liability insurance required. 2Compliance tested and policies are adequate in most but not all aspects to allow the compliance of a resource to be accurately estimated. A small number of areas where policies need to be further developed for complete clarity. Medium. Ownership of resources is likely to be clear. Good practice is followed in relation to patients. Take down and other ‘complaint’ policies are in place and being followed. Review those areas where developed is required, possibly in relation to e.g. staff not employed by the institution e.g. emeritus or visiting or NHS. It may be that a partner organisation requires improvement to their policies. Some liability insurance may be necessary. 1Compliance tested but too few policies available or insufficiently specified to allow the compliance of any particular resource to good practice guidelines to be accurately estimated. Medium. It is unlikely that the ownership and therefore licensing of resources is clear. Resources theoretically owned by the institution could be being ripped off. Collate suite of examples of best practice and review against existing institutional policies. Follow due process to amend and implement those which are relevant to the institution. Take out liability insurance. 0Compliance with good practice unknown/untested. Compliance has been tested and materials failed to pass. High/Unknown. Risk may be minimal if resource was developed based on best practice principles. Institutional policy status (ownership, consent) is unknown. Establish a task force to test some resources against institutional policies. Take out liability insurance. ©Newcastle University 2010 CC-BY

21 PublishOER –Benefits-led approaches increase flexibility such as mash-ups and social networking while authors/publishers receive fair compensation –Investigate policy principles – teaching and OER –Develop case studies to test policy principles –Develop a technology to support principles –permissions requests (knows about the requester) –APIs to publishers content (browse and search across titles) –New ways to pay

22 Content Veterinary - small enough market sector to test approaches Social media interfaces Support from the commissioning editor Image: ©2009 Mosby/Elsevier (all rights reserved, used with permission) To purchase: http://amzn.to/I5jH2t http://amzn.to/I5jH2t

23 Outputs from Student App Development –Photographs ©2012 Newcastle University Megan Quentin-Baxter cc:by ©2012 Newcastle University, Megan Quentin-Baxter cc-by Photographs ©2012 Newcastle University Megan Quentin-Baxter cc:by

24 Mashing up content - student app Content ©Saunders (mixed dates) and software ©2012 Newcastle University James Outterside; all rights reserved. Used with permission.

25 Content ©Saunders (mixed dates) and software ©Tuong Vu, Viet Hoang and Son Hoang 2012; all rights reserved. Used with permission. Mashing up content - student app

26 Further details on the technical work are available via the PublishOER blog: http://www.medev.ac.uk/blog/oer-phase-3-blog/ http://www.medev.ac.uk/blog/oer-phase-3-blog/ Permissions system (prototype) – access with social sign-on: http://www.medev.ac.uk/publish_oer/http://www.medev.ac.uk/publish_oer/ Image ©2012 Newcastle University Dan Plummer cc-by

27

28 Image ©2012 Newcastle University James Outterside

29 Mashup ©2012 Newcastle University James Outterside Images ©Saunders all rights reserved used with permission

30 Mashup ©2012 Newcastle University James Outterside Images ©Saunders all rights reserved used with permission

31 Mashup ©2012 Newcastle University James Outterside Image ©Saunders all rights reserved used with permission Acknowledgement to Alison, Andy and Pat Lockley, University of Nottingham, Xpert project, for the built-in licence concept

32 “Can we establish a national licence, principles or rules for third party content to be used in OERs?” –Every third party resource on a case by case basis –Permission sought for every use and re-use –Up to ten original or 'derived' things (e.g. images) per teaching resource for any purpose, including openly licensed –including if they are transformed in some way; annotated, cropped, coloured, videoed, etc. and text sections reproduced as a.jpg or.pdf –Possibly not royalty-free –Downgraded quality of images/text/sound –Full attribution given to sources marked with their own license including 'all rights reserved’ –Notification of publishing of any embedded works as OER –Possibly for a time-limited duration –Low ‘transaction cost’ and easy to use; built-in stats gathering

33 ©2012 RightsLink all rights reserved

34 Essential basics – Establish a ‘notice and take down’ policy – Include, where appropriate, disclaimers in files – Include how to reference the work in future e.g. ©2014 University of Tasmania, Megan Quentin-Baxter – Cover permission or consent for – Copyright – Performance rights – Human involvement in teaching materials (patients or not) – If you have permission or consent say so!

35 Business models – Path-finding ‘curricula’ among all the free content out there and supporting learners through to completion – Crowdsourcing and new presentations of knowledge – Reducing time for/cost of learning and reusing curricula – Managing academic reward – Targeting CPD/employers on how to capitalise on open courses – Conducting market research on learners/new business models

36 In the future –Should every institution seek to share their learning resources? –Should we all use the content provided by MIT/others and simply accredit it? –Could the cost of, say, a medical degree, be reduced by accrediting open learning as part of (or prior to) the course? –Can we justify the price of our courses for supporting the 'process' of learning? –What is the role of ‘commercial providers’ – they have the copyright on the best content – can they cherry-pick?

37 Attribution/disclaimer –This file is made available under a Creative Commons attribution license, except any third party materials identified ‘rights reserved’. Users are free to link to, reuse and remix this.attribution –To attribute please include the phrase “©2014, University of Tasmania, cc:by http://www.utas.edu.au/copyright-statement/”. http://www.utas.edu.au/copyright-statement/ –The University accepts no risks or liability arising from the use or reuse of this material. –Anyone with any concerns about the way in which any material appearing here has been linked to, used or remixed from elsewhere, or people portrayed, please contact us and we will make all reasonable endeavour to take down the original files within 10 working days. See the full policy at http://www.utas.edu.au/info/legal/takedown.html http://www.utas.edu.au/info/legal/takedown.html

38 Further Reading Atkins, D.E., Seely-Brown, J., Hammond, A.L. (2007). A Review of the Open Educational Resources (OER) Movement: Achievements, Challenges, and New Opportunities. Report to The William and Flora Hewlett Foundation. Finch Group. (2012). Accessibility, Sustainability, Excellence: How to Expand Access to Research Publications. Research Information Network: London. http://www.researchinfonet.org/publish/finch/. http://www.researchinfonet.org/publish/finch/ Hargreaves, I. (2011). Digital Opportunity, a Review of Intellectual Property and Growth. Intellectual Property Office. http://www.ipo.gov.uk/ipreview.htm.http://www.ipo.gov.uk/ipreview.htm Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). (2007). Giving Knowledge for Free: The Emergence of Open Educational Resources. Centre for Educational Research and Innovation: Paris. http://www.oecd.org/dataoecd/35/7/38654317.pdf. http://www.oecd.org/dataoecd/35/7/38654317.pdf Saylor Foundation. (2013). Home Page. Saylor Foundation: New York. http://www.saylor.org/. http://www.saylor.org/ UNESCO. (2011 & 2012). Guidelines for Open Educational Resources (OER) in Higher Education, UNESCO. http://bit.ly/u9Hult. 2012 Paris OER Declaration, World Open Educational Resources Congress, UNESCO. http://bit.ly/xqB0RI.http://bit.ly/u9Hult http://bit.ly/xqB0RI


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