1. Session 6d, June 11, 2008 ICT-MobileSummit 2008 Copyright 2008 End-to-End Efficiency (E 3 ) SCTP for Bandwidth Aggregation and Mobility in a Heterogeneous Environment Vincent MERAT Motorola France

2. Session 6d, June 11, 2008 ICT-MobileSummit 2008 Copyright 2008 End-to-End Efficiency (E 3 ) Motivation, problem area Increasing number of Radio Access Technologies (RATs) –Bluetooth, WiFi, EDGE, HSDPA, WiMAX, … Increasing number of Mobile Terminals having more than one network interface How to optimize the selection of RATs (terminal strategy) to improve network usage and user experience? –Current approaches (e.g. UMA) only consider using a single RAT at a time

3. Session 6d, June 11, 2008 ICT-MobileSummit 2008 Copyright 2008 End-to-End Efficiency (E 3 ) Research Objectives To demonstrate that it is technically possible to use several RATs at a time (Multi-homing) on a Mobile Terminal –Performance in a Wireless environment –Behavior under mobility To highlight the benefits in terms of: –User data rates –Mobility (resistance to link failure/loss of coverage) Bandwidth Aggregation over several RANs

4. Session 6d, June 11, 2008 ICT-MobileSummit 2008 Copyright 2008 End-to-End Efficiency (E 3 ) Stream Control Transmission Protocol (SCTP) [1] Layer 4 (Transport) protocol Supports multi-homing (multiple IP addresses per host) Combines features from both TCP (reliable, connection-oriented, congestion-control features) and UDP (message-oriented) Key differences with MobileIP: Bandwidth aggregation, no location management, end-to-end protocol Relies on the concept of association between two hosts Several implementations are available (Linux, BSD, …) Additional features: dynamic registration of IP Addresses [2], bandwidth aggregation [3] [4] NW Path1 NW Path 2 Host1 Host2 H1:IF1 H1:IF2 H2:IF1 H2:IF2 SCTP Association

5. Session 6d, June 11, 2008 ICT-MobileSummit 2008 Copyright 2008 End-to-End Efficiency (E 3 ) Experimentation Setup Host B: Server –Linux kernel 2.6.20-6 patched for bandwidth aggregation –Runs a modified version of THTTPD supporting SCTP Host A: Mobile Terminal –Linux kernel 2.6.21 –Runs a modified version of WGET supporting SCTP –Runs a client allowing to dynamically choose the terminal strategy

6. Session 6d, June 11, 2008 ICT-MobileSummit 2008 Copyright 2008 End-to-End Efficiency (E 3 ) Experimentation Results Bandwidth aggregation and Mobility Experimentation setup: single host; Ethernet, Bluetooth and WiFi capable.

7. Session 6d, June 11, 2008 ICT-MobileSummit 2008 Copyright 2008 End-to-End Efficiency (E 3 ) Experimentation Results SACK Balancing strategy Experimentation setup: single host; Ethernet and WiFi 14.5% gain using the SACK balancing strategy

8. Session 6d, June 11, 2008 ICT-MobileSummit 2008 Copyright 2008 End-to-End Efficiency (E 3 ) Conclusion and outlook The SCTP protocol has been presented as a solution for providing multi-homed Mobile Terminals with Bandwidth Aggregation and Mobility capabilities Demo of SCTP on a Motorola Z6w (EDGE, WiFi and Bluetooth) at the E 3 booth Next steps: –Add intelligence for automating the selection of the strategy –Validate the use of SCTP with a greater number of Mobile Terminals

9. Session 6d, June 11, 2008 ICT-MobileSummit 2008 Copyright 2008 End-to-End Efficiency (E 3 ) Acknowledgement The authors of this paper are: - Chidambar Zinnoury, Motorola, France - Vincent Mérat, Motorola, France This work was performed in the E2R II and E3 projects which have received research funding from the European Community's Sixth and Seventh Framework programme, respectively. This presentation reflects only the authors' views and the Community is not liable for any use that may be made of the information contained therein. The contributions of colleagues from the project consortia are hereby acknowledged.

10. Session 6d, June 11, 2008 ICT-MobileSummit 2008 Copyright 2008 End-to-End Efficiency (E 3 ) References [1]Stewart, R., Xie, Q., Morneault, K., Sharp, C., Schwarzbauer, H., Taylor, T., Rytina, I., Kalla, M., Zhang, L., and V. Paxson, "Stream Control Transmission Protocol", RFC 2960, October 2000. [2]R. Stewart, Q. Xie, M. Tuexen, S. Maruyama, M. Kozuka, "Stream Control Transmission Protocol (SCTP) Dynamic Address Reconfiguration", RFC 5061, September 2007 [3]Frederico Perotto, Claudio Casetti and Giulio Galante, “SCTP-based Transport Protocols for Concurrent Multipath Transfer”, IEEE WCNC 2007 [4]Janardhan R. Iyengar, Paul D. Amer, Randall Stewart, “Concurrent Multipath Transfer Using SCTP Multihoming Over Independent End- to-End Paths”, IEEE Transactions on Networking, Volume 14, October 2006

11. Session 6d, June 11, 2008 ICT-MobileSummit 2008 Copyright 2008 End-to-End Efficiency (E 3 ) Backup

12. Session 6d, June 11, 2008 ICT-MobileSummit 2008 Copyright 2008 End-to-End Efficiency (E 3 ) Comparison of Mobility Management Protocols CategorySCTPMobile IPSIP Target LayerTransportNetworkApplication Concerned Transport Services SCTPTCP/UDP Location Management Support NoYes Handover Management Support Yes (for location management, it can be used with MIP or SIP) Yes (with MIP extensions such as FMIPv6) No (for handover, it can be used with SCTP) Route OptimizationIntrinsically provided Provided by binding update with CN No Router SupportNot necessaryNecessaryNot necessary Deployment Perspective SCTP is required for end hosts (MN & CN) MIP is required for networks routers and hosts SIP is required for end hosts and SIP servers are needed (From “Mobile SCTP for IP Mobility Support in All-IP Networks”, Seok Joo Koh )