1. The Periodic Table
Chemistry

2. Do Now – 10/24/2011
How are elements arranged on the periodic table?

3. Review Electron Configuration
There are 7 energy levels and corresponding sublevels.
Electrons are arranged in specific ways on energy sublevels.
Sublevels = s,p,d,and f.

4. Periodic Table
Brown = S block Red = P block Yellow = D block Blue = F block

5. Practice Ne = 10 electrons 1s2 2s2 2p6 P = 15 electrons
1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p3
[Ne]10 3s2 3p3
Ti = 22 electrons
1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d2
[Ar]18 4s2 3d2
Ni = 28 electrons
1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d8
[Ar]18 4s2 3d8

6. The Periodic Table
Originally created by Demitri Mendeleev we will cover that tomorrow.
The periodic table is organized into a grid with groups and periods.
Each element is represented by an element box containing the element’s name, symbol, atomic mass, & atomic number.

7. Periods
Rows = periods (b/c trends in properties repeat – they’re “periodic” – as you go across the rows)

8. What’s a periodic trend? Here’s an everyday example:

9. Groups/Families
Columns = families or groups (b/c they have similar characteristics)

10. Horizontal rows are called PERIODS
Periodic table
Mendeleev
The periodic table arranges all the elements in groups according to their properties.
Vertical columns are called GROUPS
Horizontal rows are called PERIODS

11. Learning Check 1 Which element is in group 1, period 4? A) Be B) Ca
D) C

12. Learning Check 2 Which element is in group 14, period 3? A) Ge B) Na
C) C
D) Si

13. Parts of the Periodic Table
The periodic table is divided into several sections.
The three main divisions are:
Metals
Metalloids
Non-metals
Within those sections we divide it even further.

14. Metals

15. Metals On the left (EXCEPT H!) Metallic properties: Dense solids
Shiny luster
High melting points
Tend to form positive ions
Good conductors of electricity
Malleable (can stretch into wire)
Ductile (can beat into sheets)

16. Nonmetals

17. Nonmetals On the right (AND hydrogen!) Properties: Low melting points
Low densities
Dull luster
Poor conductors of heat and electricity
Many are gasses at room temperature
If you forget which side is which, remember – Oxygen is NOT a metal.

18. Semi-metals or Metalloids

19. Metalloids Touching the stair step (except Al)
To draw stair step: start between B and Al.
Properties of both metals and nonmetals
Good semiconductors

20. Chemical Families Group 1 (except H!): Alkali metals
Explode in water
Soft
Group 2: Alkaline Earth metals
Very reactive (Less reactive than alkali)
Hard (why they’re called “Earth” metals)
Groups 3 -12: Transition metals
Group 17: Halogens
Very reactive
Group 18: Noble gasses
Inert (don’t react)

21. Alkali Metals – Group 1A Soft metals, cut it with knife
Highly reactive
Good conductors of heat and electricity

22. Alkaline Earth Metals – Group 2A
Shiny solids, harder than Alkali metals
Less reactive than Alkali Metals
React with oxygen
Doesn't dissolve easily in water

23. Halogens – Group 7A
Very reactive nonmetals
Always found combined with other elements in nature

24. Transition metals
Good Electrical Conductors
The greater the hardness of the metal the higher the melting points
Lustrous
Malleable

25. Inner Transition Metals
Divided into Lanthanides (top) & Actinide (bottom)
Lanthanides – silvery, high melting pts
Actinides - radioactive elements
Only three actinides exist in nature

26. Noble Gases – Group 8A Last natural elements to be discovered
Colorless
Unreactive
Very Stable