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Periodic Table Families

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Presentation on theme: "Periodic Table Families"— Presentation transcript:

1 Periodic Table Families
Adapted from Liz LaRosa Some images are from 2008

2 Learning Scale – I can … 4 – Differentiate between the various groups on the periodic table. 3 - Describe the various groups on the periodic table. 2 - Use the periodic table to determine the number of protons, neutrons, or electrons. 1 - Identify patterns on the periodic table.

3 Development of the Periodic Table
In 1869, Dmitri Mendeleev noticed that patterns appeared when he arranged the elements in order of increasing atomic mass. In 1913, Henry Moseley rearranged the periodic table according to atomic number.

4 Discussion Why do you think that scientists changed how the periodic table was set-up?

5 Organization of the Table
Horizontal rows are called periods. Vertical columns are called groups. Atomic Mass= # of protons and neutrons Atomic Number = # of protons (or # of electrons)

6 Characteristics of Metals
Luster (shiny) Ductility (ability to be pulled into thin wires) Malleability (ability to be hammered) Conductor Almost all are solid at room temperature

7 Characteristics of Nonmetals
Many are gases at room temperature. Solids are brittle No luster (dull) Good insulators

8 Characteristics of Metalloids
Properties of both metals and nonmetals Semiconductor – conducts electricity at high temperatures, but not at low temperatures.

9 Discussion Compare and contrast metals and nonmetals.

10 Families on the Periodic Table
Elements on the periodic table can be grouped into families bases on their chemical properties. Each family has a specific name to differentiate it from the other families in the periodic table. Elements in each family react differently with other elements.

11 ALKALI METALS Group 1 Hydrogen is not a member Soft and silvery metals
Very reactive, esp. with water Conduct electricity 1 Valence electron Image:

12 ALKALINE EARTH METALS Group 2 White and malleable
Reactive, but less than Alkali metals Conduct electricity 2 Valence electrons

13 TRANSITION METALS Groups in the middle (3-12)
Good conductors of heat and electricity.

14 BORON FAMILY Group 13 3 Valence electrons Most are metals

15 CARBON FAMILY Group 14 4 Valence electrons
Contains metals, metalloids, and a non-metal

16 NITROGEN FAMILY Group 15 5 Valence Electrons
Contains metals, metalloids, and non-metals

17 OXYGEN FAMILY Group 16 6 Valence electrons
Contains metals, metalloids, and non-metals Reactive

18 Halogens Group 17 7 Valence electrons All are non-metals
Very reactive -react with metals to form salt often bonds with Group 1

19 Noble Gases Group 18 Gases Non-metals
8 Valence electrons = Full (except He = 2) Not reactive with other elements

20 Rare Earth Metals Lanthanides & Actinides Some are Radioactive
The rare earths are silver, silvery-white, or gray metals. Conduct electricity

21 Discussion What patterns can you identify on the periodic table? Provide evidence.

22 Learning Scale – I can … 4 – Differentiate between the various groups on the periodic table. 3 - Describe the various groups on the periodic table. 2 - Use the periodic table to determine the number of protons, neutrons, or electrons. 1 - Identify patterns on the periodic table.


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