1. Social Cohesion Action Plan of Council of Europe and SPIRAL methodology A response to the crisis in Europe and in the world, starting from the local and regional levels A response to the crisis in Europe and in the world, starting from the local and regional levels Division R&D Social Cohesion Salaspils 2 nd and 3 rd February 2012 Conseil de l‘Europe – Council of Europe

2. 1.Council of Europe Strategy and Action Plan for social cohesion 2.Social cohesion development as a response to crisis 3.Methodology for social cohesion at local level 4.How to develop Social Cohesion Strategy and Action Plan in Sweden Presentation Outline

3. 1- Council of Europe Strategy and Action Plan for Social Cohesion

4. 1949 : Creation of the Council of Europe with three core values : democracy, human rights, and rule of law. Then European Convention for fostering Human Rights and Fundamental liberties (1950), Creation of the European Court of Human Rights (1959), European Social Charter (1961)  Great progresses in human rights with Governments through laws and policies, specially civil rights: women, migrants, minorities, disabled people, etc. However from 1973, the growth rates decrease, with unemployment issues, regression of social rights and increasing of inequalities. A thinking begun on how to complete progresses with government with progresses with the whole society  1997 : Second Summit of the Council of Europe Introduction of the Social Cohesion as a new objective Social cohesion becomes "one of the foremost needs of the wider Europe and an essential complement to the promotion of human rights and dignity" Council of Europe main steps

5. 1998: Set of the European Committee for Social Cohesion 2000: First version of the Strategy for Social Cohesion, revised in 2004 and 2010. It defines cohesion as the capacity of the society to ensure the well-being of all its members, avoiding disparities and polarisation and focusing on shared responsibilities to achieve this objective. Political definition and not only sociologic definition Developing Social Cohesion

6. Including future generations Social cohesion is the capacity of the society to ensure the well-being of all its members Through coresponsbility (or shared social responsability) Reducing disparities in the society Definition of Social Cohesion

7. The Social Cohesion strategy Social cohesion as a complementary objective of the core values of the Council of Europe: human rights, democracy, rule of law Social Cohesion is pursued through four main pillars: investing in rights; sharing social responsibilities, enlarging civic and social dialogue and building a secure future for all The Social Cohesion Strategy changes the vision of societal progress: 1. On the objective of progress: well-being of all, future generations included 2. On the responsibilities: progress through co- responsibility  Sharing responsibility for well-being of all implies the involvement of citizens and stakeholders in its definition

8. 2005: Publication of a first methodological guide "collaborative development of indicators of social cohesion“ 2005 - 2010: experiments in different cities, regions and institutions (companies, schools)  Concept of "territory of co-responsibility '= territory in which a process of shared responsibility for the wellbeing of all is taking place between actors (public and private) of that territory.  Extended to" School of co-responsibility", “Corporate co- responsibility", etc.. September 25, 2009: First international meeting of the Territories of co- responsibility in Mulhouse. and launching of the Territories of Coresponsibility Network, financed by Urbact II – project TOGETHER – 8 towns in 8 countries (one is Salaspils) + other 200 other towns The implementation of the strategy

9. 2010: Publication of a second methodological guide book: involving citizens in the societal progress towards well-being of all February 2009: Conference of Ministers in Moscow 2010: Launching the social cohesion action plan of the Council of Europe, crossing 2 approaches: - A bottom up approach starting from the citizens expression of well-being/ Ill-Being to build indicators at local level, then at regional level and national level to revisit the policies at these different levels from what the citizens said - A top down approach to adapt the policies to citizens needs From Strategy to Action Plan for Social Cohesion in Europe

10. 2- Social cohesion development as a response to the crisis

11. Current crisis is not only financial and economic. It is as well - social - environmental - political (crisis of governance and regulation) - cultural, concerning knowledge itself - crisis of confidence  Crisis of society: what is progress?

12. Crisis of society goals: the progress I- Since the industrial revolution the progress of society has been designed on the basis of a constant and very rapid growth in terms of wealth, mainly material wealth (estimated over last 60 years by GDP). This growth was made possible by the widespread use of non-renewable resources, including fossil energies, leading, in a few centuries to the point of their exhaustion. Limits of this model regards:  Dissatisfaction with this model because, despite the increase of wealth, much of humanity is excluded, inequality is increasing and even in the richest countries subjective indicators show a decrease of well-being, especially since 1980  The impossibility to continue with this model and the need to establish as quickly as possible an alternative model without massive use of non- renewable resources  Need to get back to basics: what is progress? What should the progress of societies tend towards? and how to make these changes?

13. An issue on the agenda These questions have been raised since the 1970s by organizations such as the Club of Rome From the 2000s the debate involves public institutions, at national and international level  In 2004 OECD launched a global project "beyond GDP"  In 2008 the French government forms a committee with two Nobel Prize winners (Stiglitz and Sen)  Since 2008 the European Commission undertakes a specific program "beyond GDP"  Conclusions are similar  GDP is not enough and progress must be rethought in relation to the well-being of humans and of our planet in general.  Well-being must be defined by citizens  Convergence with the social cohesion strategy and action plan of the Council of Europe

14. Rethinking well-being of all The well-being of all the as an objective of society cannot be defined by either the market or by a central structure, or by specialists : well-being is a concept that belongs to citizens  need of an overall democratic and participatory debate. The experiments that we have been carried out for five years in this sense clearly demonstrate that the well-being of all defined by citizens give more room for intangible dimensions of wellbeing, opening a key route for societal progress. These dimensions depending on human relationships, social and personal balance, sense of life, participation and engagement in society, etc.. are an inexhaustible source of untapped wealth, although they are often misused, explaining the increasing feeling of ill-being, despite the increase in material wealth.

15. Multi-dimension aspect of Well-Being The eight dimensions of well-being according to the criteria expressed by citizens LIVING ENVIRONMENT Physical components A- Access to livelihoods B- Living environment SUBJECT Endogenous Components F- Personal balances G- Sense of well- being/ill- being H-Commitment/ engagement E-Social balances and sense of belonging D-Human relations C- Relations with institutions GROUP OF SUBJECTS Social components

16. Interactions between dimensions of well-being

17. Key role of co-responsibility Why co-responsability is important? Considering that Resources  activities  well-being of all To progress toward a better capacity to ensure well-being of all implies: RESOURCES - natural - équipments, infrastructures - Time - skils/ methods - Financial 1- To develop better utilisation of resources (valorisation, mutualisation preservation transmision) & less use of no renewable resources ACTIVITIES 2- To develop the multidimen- sionnality of the l’impact of the activities on well- being of all WELL-BEING OF ALL : - material WB (employment, housing, éducation) - environment - relations - sociétal and personal equil - feelings - attitudes and initiatives

18. 3- Methodology for social cohesion at local level

19. Local process Step 1: Setting a coordination group involving representatives of local actors

20. Local process Step 2: Defining progress in well-being of all with citizens by :  Organizing homogeneous groups  Collecting criteria through 3 open questions: What is for you well-being? What is for you ill-being? What do you do or can do for well-being of all?  Great number of criteria  Synthesis  Restitution, validation by homogeneous groups and fourth question about future generations

21. 1- Setting up a coordination group Common framework of local processes 8 phases for progress in policies/action involving citizens/communities

22. 2- Defining the well-being/ill-being criteria 1- Setting up a coordination group Common framework of local processes 8 phases for progress in policies/action involving citizens/communities

23. 2- Defining the well-being/ill-being criteria 1- Setting up a coordination group 3- Using criteria to evaluate Common framework of local processes 8 phases for progress in policies/action involving citizens/communities

24. 2- Defining the well-being/ill-being criteria 1- Setting up a coordination group 3- Using criteria to evaluate 4- Planning improvements and pilot actions (action plan preparation) Common framework of local processes 8 phases for progress in policies/action involving citizens/communities

25. 2- Defining the well-being/ill-being criteria 1- Setting up a coordination group 3- Using criteria to evaluate 5- Deciding/committing 4- Planning improvements and pilot actions (action plan preparation) Common framework of local processes 8 phases for progress in policies/action involving citizens/communities

26. 2- Defining the well-being/ill-being criteria 1- Setting up a coordination group 3- Using criteria to evaluate 6- Acting / implementing 5- Deciding/committing 4- Planning improvements and pilot actions (action plan preparation) Common framework of local processes 8 phases for progress in policies/action involving citizens /communities

27. 2- Defining the well-being/ill-being criteria 1- Setting up a coordination group 3- Using criteria to evaluate 6- Acting / implementing 7 – reevaluation (ex post) 5- Deciding/committing 4- Planning improvements and pilot actions (action plan preparation) Common framework of local processes 8 phases for progress in policies/action involving citizens /communities

28. 2- Defining the well-being/ill-being criteria 1- Setting up a coordination group 3- Using criteria to evaluate 6- Acting / implementing 7 – reevaluating (ex post) 5- deciding/ committing 4- Planning improvements and pilot actions (action plan preparation) PROGRESS CYCLE Common framework of local processes 8 phases of the process developed involving citizens / communities

29. 2- Defining the well-being/ill-being criteria 1- Setting up a coordination group 3- Using criteria to evaluate 8-reviewing/learning capitalizing 6- Acting / implementing 7 – reevaluating (ex post) 5- deciding/ committing 4- Planning improvements and pilot actions (action plan preparation) PROGRESS CYCLE Common framework of local processes 8 phases of the process developed involving citizens / communities

30. 2- Defining the well-being/ill-being criteria 1- Setting up a coordination group 3- Using criteria to evaluate 8-reviewing/learning capitalizing 6- Acting / implementing 7 – reevaluating (ex post) 5- deciding/ committing 4- Planning improvements and pilot actions (action plan preparation CYCLE OF PROGRESS CYCLE OF CONSULTATION Common framework of local processes 8 phases for progress in policies/action involving citizens /communities