1. Electric Scooters: A Plausible Way to Reduce Air Pollution in Urban Environments. By Chris Harrison

2. INTRODUCTION Developing countries using electric scooters. –China –India Developing countries not using electric scooters. –South East Asian Countries –African Countries In developing countries, scooters are a high pollution vehicle because: –Many owners often do not maintain the scooter. –Many owners often use cheap, leaded gas. –In these cases, the exhaust levels are usually much higher than when they were tested at the factory.

3. 1 1997 Off Road 2-Stroke = 181 1997 Passenger Cars EMISSIONS COMPARISON The Second Annual EPRI Conference, August 18-20, 1999 36.6 Grams/Mile HC0.202 Grams/Mile HC

4. ELECTRIC SCOOTERS Electric Scooter Components –Batteries: Store the energy needed to propel the car. –Controller: Regulates the flow of electricity from the batteries to the electric motor, thereby controlling the speed of the scooter. –Electric Motor: Converts the electricity stored in the batteries to mechanical energy. This force moves the wheels.

6. ELECTRIC SCOOTERS Electricycle SPEED: Up to 30 mph RANGE: Up to 25 miles PRICE: $2,390.00 Lynx SPEED: Up to 31 mph RANGE: Up to 40 miles PRICE: approx. $2,300.00 Sol Gato SPEED: Up to 25 mph RANGE: Up to 20 miles PRICE: $2,199.99

7. HYPOTHESIS The use of electric scooters in developing countries instead of gas powered scooters will reduce air pollution in urban environments by approximately 30-40%.

8. DATA ELECTRIC SCOOTERS: –Scooter AScooter B 30 Ahr (Amp Hours) 55 Ahr 48 V (Volts) 24 V Range = 62 miles Range = 40 miles GAS POWERED SCOOTER: –Typical Scooter Approximately 100 mpg Gas = $1.60 per gallon OTHER DATA: –$1.60 per gallon  100 mpg = $0.016 or 1.6¢ per mile (Gas Powered) –100 mpg  $1.60 = 0.625 miles per ¢ (Gas Powered)

9. CALCULATIONS Electric Scooter A 30 Ahr x 48 V = 1440 Whr (Watt Hours) 1440 Whrs = 1.44 Kwhr (Kilowatt Hours) 1 Kwhr = 10¢ 62 miles  1.44 Kwhr = 43 Miles per Kwhr 10¢  43 Miles per Kwhr = $0.0023 per mile or 0.23¢ 1  0.23¢ = 4.34 miles per ¢ Electric Scooter B 55 Ahr x 24 V = 1320 Whr 1320 Whrs = 1.32 Kwhr 1 Kwhr = 10¢ 40 miles  1.32 Kwhr = 52.8 Miles per Kwhr 10¢  52.8 Miles per Kwhr = $0.0019 per mile or 0.19¢ 1  0.19¢ = 5.26 miles per ¢

10. RESULTS

11. CONCLUSION Based upon these results the electric scooter offers a practical way to reduce pollution, especially given that gas scooters produce such high levels of emissions. Electric scooters are a cheap, clean, effective, and fun form of transportation in urban environments.