1. LED Lights

2. Historic Evolution First LED developed in 1963 First time LED could produce white light was 1993 White light produced by combining RGB LED Current Technology produces directional light in a 15 to 50 degree conical beam LED devices can be made to produce an efficiency of 100 lumens per watt Efficiency of 200 lumens per watt expected by the year 2020

3. Social and Environmental Impact One Silicon Wafer of LED devices requires about 2.7 Kg’s of chemicals. LED lifetime is in excess of 100 000 hours Directional lighting properties of LED devices make them ideal for task oriented lighting, night lights, flash lights and seasonal lights. By 2020 reaserchers estimate that: 50% reduction of household energy use for lighting 11% reduction in total energy use 133 GW of power savings 259 million tones of GHG saved per year

4. Projected LED efficiency compared to conventional lighting. LEDIncandescentFluorescent Efficiency200 lm/W16 lm/W85 lm/W Lifetime100 000 hrs1000 hrs10 000 hours Input Power7.5 W/lamp75 W/lamp40W/lamp

5. Patterns and Development LED technology is expanding at a rate comparable to the semiconductor industry. Reaserchers project that LED lighting will become the prime choice for home lighting by the year 2020. The small size, efficiency and long life of LED devices mitigate a lot of their environmental impact

6. Halogen Lights

7. Historical Evolution Origional halogen lamp invented in 1950’s by GE Origionaly designed as a heat lamp Halogen lamps started becoming popular in the home in the early 1990’s Two common applications of halogen bulbs in the home, torchiere style floor lamps, and compact halogen recesed ligthing and track lighting Compact halogens are a directional type spot lamp Torchiere lamps are mainly an indirectional light source as they reflect light off the celing. Halogen bulbs are essentially incandescent bulbs except they use halogen gases and higher operating temperature

8. Social and Environmental Impacts Slightly more efficient than incandescent bulbs (10%) Halogen bulbs operate at much higher operating temperatures Halogen bulbs produce a large amount of UV light and require special filter coatings or lenses to prevent UV light from causing harm Halogen bulbs offer better efficiency than standard incandescents They have a bulb length roughly double that of incandescents The directional properties of compact halogens allow for lower wattage bulbs to be used for task lighting Halogen bulbs emit a light color that resembles noon day sun, which reduces fatigue

9. Patterns and Developments Tungsten halogen bulbs will most likely be replaced by higher efficiency LED lighting or CFL lighting.