1. Technician License Course Chapter 8 Lesson Module 19: Operating Regulations: Interference; Remote & Automatic Operation; Prohibited Transmissions

2. Interference QRN –Natural interference (thunderstorms). –Man-made (appliances and power lines). QRM –Interference from nearby signals. –Other hams or other users of the frequencies. Operators should avoid interfering with other users of the frequencies.

3. Interference Harmful –Interference that is disruptive but not intentional. –Deal with it as best you can and help others avoid harmful interference. Willful –Intentionally causing interference. –This becomes a legal and law enforcement issue. –This is rare and there are procedures to deal with this (ARRL Official Observers can help).

4. Preventing Interference Use common sense and courtesy. Keep equipment in proper operating order. No one owns a frequency; be a good neighbor and share. Yield to special operations and special circumstances.

5. Types of Control Local. – The control operator directly makes adjustments to the transmitter. Remote. – The control operator can manipulate the transmitter controls from a distance Automatic. – Equipment and procedures allow some stations ( repeaters and beacons ) to operate without the control operator being physically being present at the control point. “The control point is the location where the control operator function occurs.”

6. Automatic or Remote Control AUTOMATIC CONTROL Some stations, repeaters and beacons, operate without the control operator physically present at the control point. These stations must still comply with control operator stipulations. REMOTE CONTROL The control operator makes adjustments to the station from a location other than the transmitter location.

7. Prohibited Transmissions Unidentified transmissions. –(not giving your call sign) False or deceptive signals. – (using someone else’s call sign) False distress or emergency signals. – (fake calls for help) Obscene or indecent speech. –(up to interpretation) Music.

8. No Business Communications You cannot make a profit through the use of transmissions made via ham radio. Advertising ham radio gear is okay as long as it’s not your regular business. Exception: teachers may use ham radio in their classrooms. There are also some limited additional exceptions.

9. No Encrypted Transmissions Encryption involves encoding information for transmission that must be decoded upon reception to interpret the information. This is okay if: –Coding is open source. –Intention is not to hide the message or deceive. –Encryption is permitted to control satellites or model craft.

10. No Broadcasting Broadcasting is sending one-way transmissions with no expectation of getting a response. –News –Music Accepted one-way transmissions: –Transmissions of Morse code practice. –Ham radio related bulletins. –Re-transmission of shuttle communications ( with OK from NASA ).

11. Special Circumstances Ham communication is generally intended for hams. For example communications between hams and military stations may be permitted during an Armed Forces Day Communications Test. Special commemorative events may also qualify as special circumstances.

12. Special Circumstances Emergencies and critical situations create special circumstances. If amateur radio is the only way to transmit critical information during an emergency to broadcasters so that they can warn the public about the emergency, this is permitted, despite the normal prohibition on using amateur radio for news gathering. The normal rules return when the situation returns to normal.

13. Which of the following meets the FCC definition of harmful interference? (T1A04) A. Radio transmissions that annoy users of a repeater B. Unwanted radio transmissions that cause costly harm to a radio station apparatus C. That which seriously degrades, obstructs, or repeatedly interrupts a radio communication service operating in accordance with the Radio Regulations D. Static from lightning storms

14. Which of the following meets the FCC definition of harmful interference? (T1A04) A. Radio transmissions that annoy users of a repeater B. Unwanted radio transmissions that cause costly harm to a radio station apparatus C. That which seriously degrades, obstructs, or repeatedly interrupts a radio communication service operating in accordance with the Radio Regulations D. Static from lightning storms

15. What should you do if you receive a report that your station’s transmissions are causing splatter or interference on nearby frequencies? (T2B07) A. Increase transmit power B. Change mode of transmission C. Report the interference to the equipment manufacturer D. Check your transmitter for off-frequency operation or spurious emissions

16. What should you do if you receive a report that your station’s transmissions are causing splatter or interference on nearby frequencies? (T2B07) A. Increase transmit power B. Change mode of transmission C. Report the interference to the equipment manufacturer D. Check your transmitter for off-frequency operation or spurious emissions

17. What is the proper course of action if your station’s transmission unintentionally interferes with another station? (T2B08) A. Rotate your antenna slightly B. Properly identify your transmission and move to a different frequency C. Increase power D. Change antenna polarization

18. What is the proper course of action if your station’s transmission unintentionally interferes with another station? (T2B08) A. Rotate your antenna slightly B. Properly identify your transmission and move to a different frequency C. Increase power D. Change antenna polarization

19. Under which of the following types of control is it permissible for the control operator to be at a location other than the control point? (T1E06) A. Local control B. Automatic control C. Remote control D. Indirect control

20. Under which of the following types of control is it permissible for the control operator to be at a location other than the control point? (T1E06) A. Local control B. Automatic control C. Remote control D. Indirect control

21. What type of control is being used for a repeater when the control operator is not present at a control point? (T1E08) A. Local control B. Remote control C. Automatic control D. Unattended

22. What type of control is being used for a repeater when the control operator is not present at a control point? (T1E08) A. Local control B. Remote control C. Automatic control D. Unattended

23. What type of control is being used when transmitting using a handheld radio? (T1E09) A. Radio control B. Unattended control C. Automatic control D. Local control

24. What type of control is being used when transmitting using a handheld radio? (T1E09) A. Radio control B. Unattended control C. Automatic control D. Local control

25. What type of control is used when the control operator is not at the station location but can indirectly manipulate the operating adjustments of a station? (T1E10) A. Local B. Remote C. Automatic D. Unattended

26. What type of control is used when the control operator is not at the station location but can indirectly manipulate the operating adjustments of a station? (T1E10) A. Local B. Remote C. Automatic D. Unattended

27. Who is accountable should a repeater inadvertently retransmit communications that violate the FCC rules? (T1F10) A. The control operator of the originating station B. The control operator of the repeater C. The owner of the repeater D. Both the originating station and the repeater owner

28. Who is accountable should a repeater inadvertently retransmit communications that violate the FCC rules? (T1F10) A. The control operator of the originating station B. The control operator of the repeater C. The owner of the repeater D. Both the originating station and the repeater owner

29. On which of the following occasions may an FCC- licensed amateur station exchange messages with a U.S. military station? (T1D02) A. During an Armed Forces Day Communications Test B. During a Memorial Day celebration C. During an Independence Day celebration D. During a propagation test

30. On which of the following occasions may an FCC- licensed amateur station exchange messages with a U.S. military station? (T1D02) A. During an Armed Forces Day Communications Test B. During a Memorial Day celebration C. During an Independence Day celebration D. During a propagation test

31. When is the transmission of codes or ciphers allowed to hide the meaning of a message transmitted by an amateur station? (T1D03) A. Only during contests B. Only when operating mobile C. Only when transmitting control commands to space stations or radio control craft D. Only when frequencies above 1280 MHz are used

32. When is the transmission of codes or ciphers allowed to hide the meaning of a message transmitted by an amateur station? (T1D03) A. Only during contests B. Only when operating mobile C. Only when transmitting control commands to space stations or radio control craft D. Only when frequencies above 1280 MHz are used

33. What is the only time an amateur station is authorized to transmit music? (T1D04) A. When incidental to an authorized retransmission of manned spacecraft communications B. When the music produces no spurious emissions C. When the purpose is to interfere with an illegal transmission D. When the music is transmitted above 1280 MHz

34. What is the only time an amateur station is authorized to transmit music? (T1D04) A. When incidental to an authorized retransmission of manned spacecraft communications B. When the music produces no spurious emissions C. When the purpose is to interfere with an illegal transmission D. When the music is transmitted above 1280 MHz

35. When may amateur radio operators use their stations to notify other amateurs of the availability of equipment for sale or trade? (T1D05) A. When the equipment is normally used in an amateur station and such activity is not conducted on a regular basis B. When the asking price is $100.00 or less C. When the asking price is less than the appraised value D. When the equipment is not the personal property of either the station licensee or the control operator or their close relatives

36. When may amateur radio operators use their stations to notify other amateurs of the availability of equipment for sale or trade? (T1D05) A. When the equipment is normally used in an amateur station and such activity is not conducted on a regular basis B. When the asking price is $100.00 or less C. When the asking price is less than the appraised value D. When the equipment is not the personal property of either the station licensee or the control operator or their close relatives

37. Which of the following types of transmissions are prohibited? (T1D06) A. Transmissions that contain obscene or indecent words or language B. Transmissions to establish one-way communications C. Transmissions to establish model aircraft control D. Transmissions for third party communications

38. Which of the following types of transmissions are prohibited? (T1D06) A. Transmissions that contain obscene or indecent words or language B. Transmissions to establish one-way communications C. Transmissions to establish model aircraft control D. Transmissions for third party communications

39. When is an amateur station authorized to automatically retransmit the radio signals of other amateur stations? (T1D07) A. When the signals are from an auxiliary, beacon, or Earth station B. When the signals are from an auxiliary, repeater, or space station C. When the signals are from a beacon, repeater, or space station D. When the signals are from an Earth, repeater, or space station

40. When is an amateur station authorized to automatically retransmit the radio signals of other amateur stations? (T1D07) A. When the signals are from an auxiliary, beacon, or Earth station B. When the signals are from an auxiliary, repeater or space station C. When the signals are from a beacon, repeater, or space station D. When the signals are from an Earth, repeater, or space station

41. When may the control operator of an amateur station receive compensation for operating the station? (T1D08) A. When engaging in communications on behalf of their employer B. When the communication is incidental to classroom instruction in an educational institution C. When re-broadcasting weather alerts during a RACES net D. When notifying other amateur operators of the availability for sale or trade of apparatus

42. When may the control operator of an amateur station receive compensation for operating the station? (T1D08) A. When engaging in communications on behalf of their employer B. When the communication is incidental to classroom instruction in an educational institution C. When re-broadcasting weather alerts during a RACES net D. When notifying other amateur operators of the availability for sale or trade of apparatus

43. Under which of the following circumstances are amateur stations authorized to transmit signals related to broadcasting, program production, or news gathering, assuming no other means available? (T1D09) A. Only when such communications directly relate to the immediate safety of human life or protection of property B. Only when broadcasting communications to or from the space shuttle C. Only where noncommercial programming is gathered and supplied exclusively to the National Public Radio network D. Only when using amateur repeaters linked to the Internet

44. Under which of the following circumstances are amateur stations authorized to transmit signals related to broadcasting, program production, or news gathering, assuming no other means available? (T1D09) A. Only when such communications directly relate to the immediate safety of human life or protection of property B. Only when broadcasting communications to or from the space shuttle C. Only where noncommercial programming is gathered and supplied exclusively to the National Public Radio network D. Only when using amateur repeaters linked to the Internet

45. What is the meaning of the term broadcasting in the FCC rules for the amateur services? (T1D10) A. Two-way transmissions by amateur stations B. Transmission of music C. Transmission of messages directed only to amateur operators D. Transmissions intended for reception by the general public

46. What is the meaning of the term broadcasting in the FCC rules for the amateur services? (T1D10) A. Two-way transmissions by amateur stations B. Transmission of music C. Transmission of messages directed only to amateur operators D. Transmissions intended for reception by the general public