1. Crustal Deformation and Mountain Building

2. Behavior of rocks to stress & strain
Elastic
Elastic limit
Plastic
Brittle
Stress
Strain 3

3. FOLDS Plunging fold Structural dome Structural basin
Anticline vs. syncline
Hinge line (axis)
Limb
Axial plane
Plunging fold
Structural dome
Structural basin 6

11. FOLDS Interpreting folds Open fold Isoclinal fold Overturned fold
Recumbent fold 7

16. Faults Fractures in rock Normal Faults Reverse fault Strike-Slip fault
Thrust fault- low angle reverse fault
Strike-Slip fault
Left-lateral vs. right-lateral

28. Introduction
Mountain
Major mountain belts
Mountain range 2

29. Characteristics of Major Mountain Belts
Size and Alignment
Along continental margin
Long, arcuate chains
Ages of Mountain Belts and Continents
Youngest tend to be higher
Himalayas vs Appalachians
Craton- Oldest Continental Crust
Precambrian Shield 3

33. Characteristics of Major Mountain Belts
Patterns of Flooding and Faulting
Fold and Thrust Belts
Crustal Shortening
Crustal Thickening
Metamorphism and Plutonism
Normal Faulting 4

34. Rifting
Subduction
Accretionary wedge
Volcanism
Plutonism
Orogeny
Subduction
Crustal Shortening &
Thickening
Collision
Major Orogeny

35. Evolution of a Mountain Belt
Accumulation Stage of Sediments
Accumulation in an Opening Ocean Basin
Accumulation along a Convergent Boundary
Graywackes
Magmatic Arc
Mountain Building Event- Orogeny 5

42. Evolution of a Mountain Belt
The Uplift and Block-faulting Stage
Isostacy
Isostatic Adjustment
Normal Faulting
Fault-block Mountain Range 7

50. The Growth of Continents
Crust added by accumulation & igneous activity
Suspect and Exotic Terranes
Suspect terrane
Accreted terrane
Exotic terrane 8

53. The Wilson cycle (named after J
The Wilson cycle (named after J. Tuzo Wilson, one of the fathers of plate tectonics) refers to the cycle of ocean basin formation by rifting and seafloor spreading followed by ocean basin destruction and mountain building by subduction.