1. 1 Sustainable performance needs a global approach Marion Barral Dominique Tristant Olivier Lapierre SAI Platform Workshop, Amsterdam, 22-23 May 2006 Introduction: The Céréopa, who are we? The PerfAgro® approach Case study: The experimental farm of Grignon Conclusion

2. 2 Created in 1969 at the INA P-G (Paris-Grignon National Institute of Agronomy), France’s leading School in the fields of Agronomy and Life Sciences Our fields of Competences: Integrated modeling of production systems Competitivity and sustainable performance of agro-activities Foresight, innovation and strategic decision making Our activities: Education Consulting Research A team of four Engineers (MSc. and PhD.) and a Professor of the INA P-G Center for Studies and Research on Economics and Organisation of Animal Productions

3. 3 PerfAgro ®: An original way to grasp the issue of sustainable performance ECONOMIC PILLAR ENVIRONMENTAL PILLAR SOCIAL PILLAR PERFORMANCE OF THE SYSTEM

4. 4 GLOBAL PERFORMANCE of the system described into details LIVESTOCK CROPS Purchase of crop inputs Various external transfers CROP OUTPUTS LIVESTOCK OUTPUTS Purchase of livestock feed PerfAgro ®: A global approach which takes simultaneously into account, into details, crop and animal productions Various external transfers Livestock feed internal transfers Zones Yields Crop management Nutritional properties Etc. Diet in function of the age Grazing calendar Etc.

5. 5 GLOBAL PERFORMANCE of the system described into details LIVESTOCK CROPS PerfAgro ®: A global approach which gives diverse and precise indicators of sustainable performance Economic margin (€/year) Diets of dairy cows at different stages of lactation during the winter Quantity of work (hours/year) Fossile energy use on the farm (MJ/year) Constraints costs (milk quota farm area, etc.) Examples of output indicators: Etc.

6. 6 PerfAgro ®: A new approach of questions which widens the response spectrum PROTEIN AUTONOMY CLASSICAL APPROACHES Ration calculations to replace soya by rapeseed With PerfAgro, many new opportunities appear: > Choice of crop rotation > Rapeseed crushing > Level of intensification > Etc. Example : the issue of protein autonomy on a farm

7. 7 PerfAgro ®: A tool in development Limited for the while to Other productions: Being developed: risks management, global energy use on the farm minimization, bursts of work, environmental indicators.

8. 8 Case study: The experimental farm of Grignon Exploring different paths towards sustainable performance 1. Initial situation

9. 9 Case study: The experimental farm of Grignon Characterization of the system 537 ha in various conditions > 4 zones Wheat 28% Maize 48% Rape 9% Grass 11% Others 4% 118 dairy cows 9900 L/cow/year Quota: 1 170 000 L

10. 10 ENVIRONMENTAL PILLAR ECONOMIC PILLAR SOCIAL PILLAR 43€/1000 supp. litters of milk quota Case study: The experimental farm of Grignon >>> Optimization results Zone 1: 115€/supp. ha Zone 2: 178€/supp. ha Zones 3 & 4: -3,75€/supp. ha 1 1 1 Economic margin: 77577€/year = 144 €/ha Energy consumption: 17043 MJ/year =31.7MJ/ha Work: 10758 hours/year = 20 h/ha

11. 11 Case studies: The experimental farm of Grignon Exploring different paths towards sustainable performance 2. Western Corn Rootworm crisis 1. Initial situation

12. 12 Case study: The experimental farm of Grignon From crisis to opportunities Wheat 25% Maize 27% Rape 13% Grass 11% Others 23% Optimized crop rotation with the W.C Rootworm constraint ENVIRONMENTAL PILLAR ECONOMIC PILLAR SOCIAL PILLAR 1 1 1 2 2 2 141 €/ha = - 2% 25.7 MJ/ha = - 19% 20 h/ha

13. 13 Case study: The experimental farm of Grignon Exploring different paths towards sustainable performance 3. Production of rape oil on the farm 1. Initial situation 2. Western Corn Rootworm crisis

14. 14 Case study: The experimental farm of Grignon From crisis to opportunities + 10 410 €/year = + 12% Utilization of rape oil as biocarb Increase of the ω3/ ω6 milk rate Decrease of the satured fatty acids milk rate Optimized dairy cow diet

15. 15 ENVIRONMENTAL PILLAR ECONOMIC PILLAR SOCIAL PILLAR 1 1 1 2 2 2 3 3 3 160 €/ha = + 12% 20.2 MJ/ha = - 22% 20 h/ha 53€/1000 supp. litters of milk quota

16. 16 Case study: The experimental farm of Grignon Exploring different paths towards sustainable performance 4. Release of a constraint: fat maximum rate in the diets 1. Initial situation 2. Western Corn Rootworm crisis 3. Production of rape oil on the farm ENVIRONMENTAL PILLAR ECONOMIC PILLAR SOCIAL PILLAR 1 1 1 2 2 2 3 3 3 4 4 4 163 €/ha = + 2% 20.2 MJ/ha 20 h/ha

17. 17 ENVIRONMENTAL PILLAR ECONOMIC PILLAR SOCIAL PILLAR 1 1 1 2 2 2 3 3 3 4 4 4 Case study: The experimental farm of Grignon Exploring different paths towards sustainable performance 1. Initial situation 2. Western Corn Rootworm crisis 3. Production of rape oil on the farm 4. Release of the fat maximum rate in the diets constraint 5 5 5 169 €/ha = +3.5% 18.3 MJ/ha = - 10% 20 h/ha 57€/1000 supp. litters of milk quota 5. 100% of the energy for tractors on the farm = rape oil

18. 18 Etc. Case study: The experimental farm of Grignon Exploring different paths towards sustainable performance 1. Initial situation 2. Western Corn Rootworm crisis 3. Production of rape oil on the farm 4. Release of a constraint: fat maximum rate in the diets 5. 100% of the energy for tractors on the farm = rape oil agronomy animal nutrition mechanics Necessity of a global approach Where are the levers of sustainable performance of dairy production systems ?

19. 19 Conclusion PerfAgro: Beyond decision making… An approach of the complexity of agricultural systems which gives the possibility to benchmark varied breeding systems in different situations Sustainable agriculture: a complex issue > Simplification is not always the best > Why not trying to get opportunities from it ? In France … …and abroad…

20. 20 Thank you…