1. Conception Through Birth
Pregnancy
Conception Through Birth
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2. Pregnancy First Trimester Second Trimester (Conception to 13 weeks)
Third Trimester
(28 weeks to Birth)
Labor
and
Birth

3. Click on the arrow to go to the next page!
First Trimester
Conception
A single sperm and the woman’s egg join together and their DNA is combined to form a developing human called a zygote (or fertilized egg.)
References:
Kail, R., & Cavanaugh, J. (2013). Human development: A life-span view. (6th ed.) Belmont, CA: Wadsworth.
Baby Center, LLC. (2013). Retrieved from
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4. First Trimester Weeks 1 and 2
The zygote develops the placenta, a structure through which the developing baby receives nutrients and gets rid of wastes.
Kail & Cavanaugh, (2013).
Baby Center, LLC, (2013).
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5. First Trimester Weeks 1 and 2 (cont.)
The zygote reaches the uterus at the end of week one and attaches itself to the wall of the uterus (implantation), triggering hormones that prevent the woman from menstruating.
Kail & Cavanaugh, (2013).
Baby Center, LLC, (2013).
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6. First Trimester Weeks 1 and 2 (cont.)
By the end of week 2, the zygote is implanted and is less than 1 millimeter across.
Kail & Cavanaugh, (2013).
Baby Center, LLC, (2013).
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7. First Trimester 3 – 8 weeks
The implanted zygote is now known as an embryo.
The embryo is growing in a fluid filled sac called the amnion that cushions it and regulates its temperature.
Kail & Cavanaugh, (2013).
Baby Center, LLC, (2013).
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8. First Trimester 3 – 8 weeks (cont.)
The umbilical cord is now connecting the embryo to the placenta and allows for the exchange of nutrients, wastes, etc. with the mother.
During these weeks, body parts and organs begin to develop and one can see the embryo’s eyes, jaw, arms, and legs. The heart also begins to beat.
Kail & Cavanaugh, (2013).
Baby Center, LLC, (2013).
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9. First Trimester 3 – 8 weeks (cont.)
There are three layers to the embryo:
The outer layer becomes hair, skin, and the nervous system
The middle layer becomes muscles, bones, and the circulatory system
The inner layer becomes the digestive system and the lungs
The embryo grows from 2 millimeters to about 1 inch in length.
Kail & Cavanaugh, (2013).
Baby Center, LLC, (2013).
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10. First Trimester
Week 9
At week 9, when cartilage turns to bone, the developing child is now known as a fetus.
Kail & Cavanaugh, (2013).
Baby Center, LLC, (2013).
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11. First Trimester Week 9 (cont.)
The fetus’s brain and spinal cord develop to the point that the fetus now has brain structures and the brain begins to regulate body functions.
Kail & Cavanaugh, (2013).
Baby Center, LLC, (2013).
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12. First Trimester Week 9 (cont.)
Ovaries develop in a female and testes develop in a male.
The fetus weighs only about an ounce.
Kail & Cavanaugh, (2013).
Baby Center, LLC, (2013).
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13. First Trimester 12 weeks Fetal Period (9 – 38 weeks)
At week 12, the fetus develops either a penis or a vagina
Fetal Period (9 – 38 weeks)
The period of pregnancy when a developing child is called a fetus is marked by rapid growth and functioning of body systems.
The fetus can hear, see, and taste in the womb.
Kail & Cavanaugh, (2013).
Baby Center, LLC, (2013).
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14. First Trimester
Watch this video to review the developing child’s progress from conception to 13 weeks.
Pictures: Baby Center, LLC. (2013). Retrieved from
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15. Click on a, b, or c to answer the question!
First Trimester Quiz
Question 1
A baby is conceived when a ___ from a man combines with an ___ from a woman.
DNA; RNA
sperm; egg
zygote; embryo
Kail & Cavanaugh, (2013).
Baby Center, LLC, (2013).
Click on a, b, or c to answer the question!

16. Question 1
Correct!
A child is conceived when a sperm from a man and an egg from a woman combine!
Kail & Cavanaugh, (2013).
Baby Center, LLC, (2013).
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17. Click “Try Again!” to go back to the question!
Incorrect!
Remember that we are talking about conception when we say “conceived.”
Try again!
Kail & Cavanaugh, (2013).
Baby Center, LLC, (2013).
Click “Try Again!” to go back to the question!

18. First Trimester Quiz Question 2 A zygote is the …
term for a developing child from conception to implantation
term for a developing child after implantation
term for a developing child once cartilage turns to bone
Kail & Cavanaugh, (2013).
Baby Center, LLC, (2013).

19. Question 2
Correct! A zygote is the term for a developing child from conception to implantation.
Kail & Cavanaugh, (2013).
Baby Center, LLC, (2013).
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20. Question 2
Incorrect! Hint: The zygote period is the first 2 weeks of pregnancy! Try Again!
Kail & Cavanaugh, (2013).
Baby Center, LLC, (2013).

21. First Trimester Quiz Question 3 What is an embryo?
A part of the woman’s uterus.
A name for a developing child after implantation.
An egg that is deformed.
Kail & Cavanaugh, (2013).
Baby Center, LLC, (2013).

22. Question 3
Correct! An embryo is the name for a developing child after implantation!
Kail & Cavanaugh, (2013).
Baby Center, LLC, (2013).

23. Incorrect! Remember that an embryo is part of pregnancy! Try Again!
Question 3
Incorrect! Remember that an embryo is part of pregnancy! Try Again!
Kail & Cavanaugh, (2013).
Baby Center, LLC, (2013).

24. Second Trimester To review:
Zygote: 0 – 2 weeks; conception and implantation
Embryo: 3 – 8 weeks; after implantation and before cartilage turns to bone
Fetus: 9 weeks – birth; when cartilage turns to bone until birth
Kail & Cavanaugh, (2013).
Baby Center, LLC, (2013).
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25. Second Trimester 16 weeks
The developing child is still called a fetus.
The fetus weighs 4 to 8 ounces.
The mother can feel its movements.
Kail & Cavanaugh, (2013).
Baby Center, LLC, (2013).
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26. Second Trimester 17 weeks (and beyond)
Starting at 17 weeks, the fetus gains about 7 or 8 pounds before birth.
Kail & Cavanaugh, (2013).
Baby Center, LLC, (2013).
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27. Second Trimester 20 – 24 weeks
The developing child’s heart rate changes in response to stress.
Eyebrows, eyelashes, and scalp hair form.
The developing child begins sucking and swallowing.
Kail & Cavanaugh, (2013).
Baby Center, LLC, (2013).
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28. Second Trimester
Watch this video to review the developing child’s progress from 14 to 27 weeks.
Pictures: Baby Center, LLC. (2013). Retrieved from
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29. Second Trimester Quiz Question 1
A fetus is the name of a developing child during the third stage of pregnancy.
True
False
Kail & Cavanaugh, (2013).
Baby Center, LLC, (2013).

30. Question 1
Correct! A fetus is the name for a developing child in the third stage of pregnancy when the child’s cartilage has turned to bone until he or she is born.
Kail & Cavanaugh, (2013).
Baby Center, LLC, (2013).
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31. Question 1
Incorrect! A fetus is the name for a developing child in the third stage of pregnancy when the child’s cartilage has turned to bone until he or she is born.
Kail & Cavanaugh, (2013).
Baby Center, LLC, (2013).
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32. Second Trimester Quiz Question 2
What stage of development is this developing child in?
Zygote
Embryo
Fetus
Kail & Cavanaugh, (2013).
Baby Center, LLC, (2013).

33. Correct! This is a picture of an embryo!
Question 2
Correct! This is a picture of an embryo!
Kail & Cavanaugh, (2013).
Baby Center, LLC, (2013).

34. Question 2
Incorrect! This developing child is in a different stage of development! Try Again!
Kail & Cavanaugh, (2013).
Baby Center, LLC, (2013).

35. Third Trimester To review:
Zygote: 0 – 2 weeks; conception and implantation
Embryo: 3 – 8 weeks; after implantation and before cartilage turns to bone
Fetus: 9 weeks – birth; when cartilage turns to bone until birth
Kail & Cavanaugh, (2013).
Baby Center, LLC, (2013).
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36. Third Trimester
28 weeks
By 28 weeks, most body systems function and the brain specializes.
Kail & Cavanaugh, (2013).
Baby Center, LLC, (2013).
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37. Third Trimester 28 weeks (cont.)
This is the age of viability, or the stage at which the fetus has a chance of surviving should it be born early.
A child born at this age will have trouble breathing as its lungs are not fully developed.
The child will also have trouble regulating body temperature because the baby lacks a layer of fat that develops in the 8th month.
Kail & Cavanaugh, (2013).
Baby Center, LLC, (2013).

38. Third Trimester 32 – 36 weeks
During the final weeks, there is rapid weight gain.
The fetus also develops a layer of fat that helps it to regulate its body temperature outside the womb.
Kail & Cavanaugh, (2013).
Baby Center, LLC, (2013).
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39. Third Trimester
38 weeks
At 38 weeks, the fetus is at full term and is ready to be born.
Birth usually occurs naturally around this time or it can be induced by doctors.
Kail & Cavanaugh, (2013).
Baby Center, LLC, (2013).
Next

40. Third Trimester
Watch this video to review the developing child’s progress from 28 to 38 weeks.
Pictures: Baby Center, LLC. (2013). Retrieved from
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41. Third Trimester Quiz Question 1
What stage of development is this developing child in?
Fetus
Embryo
Zygote
Kail & Cavanaugh, (2013).
Baby Center, LLC, (2013).

42. Question 1
Correct! This developing child is in the stage of development where he or she is called a fetus!
Kail & Cavanaugh, (2013).
Baby Center, LLC, (2013).
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43. Question 1
Incorrect! This child is in a different stage of development! Try Again!
Kail & Cavanaugh, (2013).
Baby Center, LLC, (2013).

44. Third Trimester Quiz Question 2
How long, on average, does a pregnancy last?
38 weeks
6 months
400 days
Kail & Cavanaugh, (2013).
Baby Center, LLC, (2013).

45. Question 2
Correct! A pregnancy usually lasts about 38 weeks or about 9 and a half months!
Kail & Cavanaugh, (2013).
Baby Center, LLC, (2013).

46. Question 2
Incorrect! That number is off, think about the timing we discussed in this module! Try Again!
Kail & Cavanaugh, (2013).
Baby Center, LLC, (2013).

47. Labor and Birth
Watch this video to review the developing child’s progress from conception to 38 weeks!  
Pictures: Baby Center, LLC. (2013). Retrieved from
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48. Labor and Birth There are three stages of labor.
The timing of each stage varies greatly from woman to woman and pregnancy to pregnancy.
Kail & Cavanaugh, (2013).
Baby Center, LLC, (2013).
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49. Labor and Birth Stage 1 Lasts approximately 12 – 24 hours
In this stage, the uterus starts to contract.
The contractions start out weak and irregular and gradually become stronger and more rhythmic.
These contractions enlarge the cervix (the opening from the uterus to the vagina) to 10 centimeters.
Kail & Cavanaugh, (2013).
Baby Center, LLC, (2013).
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50. Labor and Birth Stage 2 Lasts about an hour
In this stage, the mother pushes the baby along through the cervix and into the vagina.
The baby’s head appears first which is known as crowning, and soon the baby is delivered.
Kail & Cavanaugh, (2013).
Baby Center, LLC, (2013).
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51. Labor and Birth Stage 3 Lasts only minutes
In this stage, the mother pushes to deliver the placenta.
Kail & Cavanaugh, (2013).
Baby Center, LLC, (2013).
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52. Labor and Birth Quiz Essay
Write a paragraph containing at least four facts about labor. Save this PowerPoint and turn it into your teacher!
Kail & Cavanaugh, (2013).
Baby Center, LLC, (2013).