1. Elements in Biology WATER H2O C ARBON N ITROGEN M AJOR Trace Elements ORGANIC95% Hydrogen45% Oxygen30% Carbon15% Nitrogen5% MAJOR4% CATIONS Sodium ppt Potassium ppt Calcium ppt Magnesium ppt ANIONS Chlorine ppt Sulfur ppt Phosphorus ppt MINOR Iron ppm Silicon ppm Boron ppm Micro-nutrients Nano-nutrients Pico-elements millionths billionths trillionths TRACE 1% CATIONS Copper ppm Zinc ppm Manganese ppm Cobalt ppm Molybdenum ppm Chromium ppm Germanium ppm Nickel ppm Vanadium ppm Tin ppm ANIONS Iodine ppm Selenium ppm Fluorine ppm NANO & PICO.001% Lanthanum Yttrium Neodymium Gold, etc………? Platinum Biochar Properties MINOR

2. 2+ billion years of ocean evolution every water soluble element, in fractal solution 90 elements in biological balanced ratios Nature’s optimum solution Major Minerals Major Minerals parts per thousand Trace Elements Trace Elements parts per million Nano-Nutrients Nano-Nutrients parts per billion Pico-Elements Pico-Elements parts per trillion Trace Elements get the most from the least Nitrogen, Boron, Iodine Phosphorus, Sulfur, Chlorine Sodium, Potassium, Calcium, Magnesium most Trace Elements all 90 elements in a balanced blend Mineral Foundation Elements in Biology Biochar Properties

3. MineralFoundation Sodium, Potassium, Calcium, Magnesium most Trace Elements Nitrogen, Boron, Iodine Phosphorus, Sulfur, Chlorine February 2008 at MOSES NY Organic Valley dairy feed ration free choice 6% milk protein +2 points butterfat Somatic Cell Count dropped to near zero no need for antibiotics fully active immune system all 90 elements in a balanced blend www.dyarrow.org/dairy Organic Milk Trace Elements Biochar Properties get the most from the least

4. MineralFoundation Sodium, Potassium, Calcium, Magnesium most Trace Elements Nitrogen, Boron, Iodine Phosphorus, Sulfur, Chlorine all 90 elements in a balanced blend December 2008 at Acres USA Midwest Amish farmer feed ration matured 3 weeks sooner ate less feed gained more weight “NO MORTALITIES” NO MORTALITIES Commercial Turkeys get the most from the least Trace Elements Biochar Properties