1. Management of Modern Historic Urban Landscapes Chandigarh, India Naomi Angel, Architect - Tel Aviv District Planner UNESCO World Heritage Centre Workshop on Management of historic urban Landscape of the 20 th century 18-21 December 2007 Chandigarh, India The Case of Tel Aviv the City and the Metropolitan Context Towards a Management Plan Naomi Angel, Architect Tel Aviv District Planner Tel Aviv District Planning and Building Commission Ministry of the Interior State of Israel

2. Backgound Conservation Urban fabric City scale Discussion Tel Aviv the city and the Metropolitan context Towards a management plan Naomi Angel, Architect - Tel Aviv District Planner Tel Aviv District within Israel North Haifa Center Tel- Aviv Jerusalem South Management of Modern Historic Urban Landscapes Chandigarh, India Adjacent cities

3. Tel Aviv the city and the Metropolitan context Towards a management plan Naomi Angel, Architect - Tel Aviv District Planner Tel Aviv District Regional Plan 1000 DUNAM = 1 sqKM=100 hectars Bnei Brak 145,00038.87.35 Givataiim 50,00019.23.25 Azoor 10,0009.62.4 Holon 165,00023.518.95 Or Yehuda 30,00017.15.15 Kiriat Ono 25,00011.04.1 Ramat Gan 130,00015.313.25 Bat yam 130,00033.58.15 Tel Aviv-Jafa 380,00016.351.8 Total1,185,00018.2170 Ramat ha- sharon 35,0007.416.8 Hertzelia 85,0009.321.6 Municipality Population 2005 Population density (Avg. in residential DUNAM developed) Municipal Area (sqKM) Tmm 5 rounded figures Management of Modern Historic Urban Landscapes Chandigarh, India Backgound Conservation Urban fabric City scale Discussion Adjacent cities

4. Tel Aviv the city and the Metropolitan context Towards a management plan Naomi Angel, Architect - Tel Aviv District Planner Metropolitan Parks Park Ayalon (Ariel Sharon ) Park Ha’yarkon Coastal Park 4 sqKM 9 sqKM 8 sqKM Management of Modern Historic Urban Landscapes Chandigarh, India Backgound Conservation Urban fabric City scale Discussion Adjacent cities

5. Tel Aviv the city and the Metropolitan context Towards a management plan Naomi Angel, Architect - Tel Aviv District Planner Mass Transit system National Plan 23A/4 Metropolitan park and mass transit- building blocks for sustainability of urban texture “oxygen” to central city rehabilitation and stabilization The family car- curse or blessing? Parking Quotas Backgound Conservation Urban fabric City scale Discussion Adjacent cities Management of Modern Historic Urban Landscapes Chandigarh, India

6. Tel Aviv the city and the Metropolitan context Towards a management plan Naomi Angel, Architect - Tel Aviv District Planner The White City within the District Plan Area inscribed: 140 Hectar.buffer-200. 8,500 buildings in total protected urban area 1,500 to be conserved Q. Ratio 1500:8500- too low? Q. Inscribed/protected areas in outer ring township? Backgound Conservation Urban fabric City scale Discussion Adjacent cities Management of Modern Historic Urban Landscapes Chandigarh, India

7. Tel Aviv the city and the Metropolitan context Towards a management plan Naomi Angel, Architect - Tel Aviv District Planner The world heritage site- The white city of Tel Aviv Backgound Conservation Urban fabric City scale Discussion Adjacent cities Management of Modern Historic Urban Landscapes Chandigarh, India

8. Tel Aviv the city and the Metropolitan context Towards a management plan Naomi Angel, Architect - Tel Aviv District Planner Management plan Issues Building rights “BANK” a residential highrise on city property, booster for implementation of the conservation plan Conflict- upscaling of development drives away “rough” free style outdoor activities (youth movement) neighborhood lifestyle jeopardized? Project statistics- ”Remez-Arlozorov” Arch: Meizlits- Kassif 108 flats, 20,000 sqM total floor area 36 stories Location: east of white City. Backgound Conservation Urban fabric City scale Discussion Adjacent cities Management of Modern Historic Urban Landscapes Chandigarh, India

9. Tel Aviv the city and the Metropolitan context Towards a management plan Naomi Angel, Architect - Tel Aviv District Planner Assuta Hospital Residential Project Conserve or reconstruct? Public parking needs- underground Public buildings and open space deficits in neighborhood Tower height Tree conservation Edge of lot design solution- new concept? 35 Storey new tower 4 buildings conserved- one lost 3 ficus trees preserved 2 public gardens + public bldg lot 2 pedestrian neighborhood connective paths 100 public parking Backgound Conservation Urban fabric City scale Discussion Adjacent cities Management of Modern Historic Urban Landscapes Chandigarh, India

10. Tel Aviv the city and the Metropolitan context Towards a management plan Naomi Angel, Architect - Tel Aviv District Planner Tel Aviv harbor Connecting through the TLV city pulse Arthur Rupin, 1912: “The appearance of Tel Aviv today makes no sense without its beachfront” How to create and sustain a management plan? Conserve only or demolish and reconstruct? Old and new/ private and public Backgound Conservation Urban fabric City scale Discussion Adjacent cities Management of Modern Historic Urban Landscapes Chandigarh, India

11. Tel Aviv the city and the Metropolitan context Towards a management plan Naomi Angel, Architect - Tel Aviv District Planner The street as a project Kapln St – Tel Aviv Street line Vs Sky line Backgound Conservation Urban fabric City scale Discussion Adjacent cities Management of Modern Historic Urban Landscapes Chandigarh, India

12. Tel Aviv the city and the Metropolitan context Towards a management plan Naomi Angel, Architect - Tel Aviv District Planner Between Tel Aviv & Chandigarh Master Plan of Chandigarh 1953Master Plan of Tel Aviv 1925 Backgound Conservation Urban fabric City scale Discussion Adjacent cities Management of Modern Historic Urban Landscapes Chandigarh, India

13. Tel Aviv the city and the Metropolitan context Towards a management plan Naomi Angel, Architect - Tel Aviv District Planner Project cities vs process cities The modern architecture heritage Washington DC- The Mall Project cities-celebration and symbol of Independence and of Democracy Jerusalem-City view Tel Aviv – Edge of World Heritage site The National Institues Axis in Western Jerusalem Dilemmas: public icons in process cities-Mann Auditorium Inherent rigidity vs freer directives? Process sites- mixed city texture of new, old, older Brasilia-The Mall Backgound Conservation Urban fabric City scale Discussion Adjacent cities Management of Modern Historic Urban Landscapes Chandigarh, India

14. Tel Aviv the city and the Metropolitan context Towards a management plan Naomi Angel, Architect - Tel Aviv District Planner New DelhiBarcelonaParis New-YorkBrasiliaTel -Aviv Backgound Conservation Urban fabric City scale Adjacent cities Discussion Scale of city fabric Various Cities Management of Modern Historic Urban Landscapes Chandigarh, India

15. Tel Aviv the city and the Metropolitan context Towards a management plan Naomi Angel, Architect - Tel Aviv District Planner Tel-Aviv CenterTel-Aviv northern suburbs Backgound Conservation Urban fabric City scale Adjacent cities Discussion Management of Modern Historic Urban Landscapes Chandigarh, India Scale of city fabric Tel Aviv

16. Tel Aviv the city and the Metropolitan context Towards a management plan Naomi Angel, Architect - Tel Aviv District Planner Ramat Ha-Sharon “kohav” cinemaPioneers House Water tower“HAGANA” offices Current conservation list early settlement heritage Backgound Conservation Urban fabric City scale Adjacent cities Discussion Management of Modern Historic Urban Landscapes Chandigarh, India

17. Tel Aviv the city and the Metropolitan context Towards a management plan Naomi Angel, Architect - Tel Aviv District Planner Holon First printery"Tel giborim” Pillbox The great Synagogue“Husmasa” well House Current conservation list early settlement and modern heritage Backgound Conservation Urban fabric City scale Adjacent cities Discussion Management of Modern Historic Urban Landscapes Chandigarh, India

18. Tel Aviv the city and the Metropolitan context Towards a management plan Naomi Angel, Architect - Tel Aviv District Planner Ramat Gan Current conservation list – in preparation? International Style Architecture Backgound Conservation Urban fabric City scale Adjacent cities Discussion Management of Modern Historic Urban Landscapes Chandigarh, India

19. Tel Aviv the city and the Metropolitan context Towards a management plan Naomi Angel, Architect - Tel Aviv District Planner How did the inscription as a modern heritage site affect the city: Missing in the Inscription: Gardens, Streets. Accelerated real estate price change- order of magnitude. Radiation on neighboring cities City pride Public and residents awareness- heritage oriented “public eye”. City icons- frozen and doomed or conserved and vibrant? (Mann Auditorium, Dizengoff circle) Stormy public disputes – advantage or risk? How to avoid overppolitization of issues? Backgound Conservation Urban fabric City scale Discussion Adjacent cities Management of Modern Historic Urban Landscapes Chandigarh, India Post Inscription Processes

20. Tel Aviv the city and the Metropolitan context Towards a management plan Naomi Angel, Architect - Tel Aviv District Planner Thinking STREETWISE Streetline vs skyline. The case of the Tel Aviv White City typical street: Car vs Pedestrian. Evergreen hedges and “green gate" at lotline Low fence between lot and sidewalk Private car parking within lot crisscross sidewalk, demolish fence and yard and evergreen edge The changing public standards of residents The story of Bialik St.- reinsating fence -positive incentive (new fence built by city) failed, negative incentive (confiscation of neglected property by court order) succeeds Backgound Conservation Urban fabric City scale Discussion Adjacent cities Management of Modern Historic Urban Landscapes Chandigarh, India Demonstrative Examples

21. Tel Aviv the city and the Metropolitan context Towards a management plan Naomi Angel, Architect - Tel Aviv District Planner Permits and building rights transfer- mandatory city coaching of the residents Building rights BANK. The buffer zone (Protected area) rezoning – URGENT. Electrical co.- “Celebrating 120 years”- gradual transfer of cables from street to the underground. Gardens in White City- missing entities in inscription. The street as a project – the buildings as pearls on a string. Green building code- poisonous materials, (Q. removing cars from lots/streets? cycling environment) as examples. Must accommodate economic growth to support the heritage site. Assist adjacent city engineers in the process. Emerging management ideas (with city officials) I Backgound Conservation Urban fabric City scale Discussion Adjacent cities Management of Modern Historic Urban Landscapes Chandigarh, India City Level

22. Tel Aviv the city and the Metropolitan context Towards a management plan Naomi Angel, Architect - Tel Aviv District Planner 1-5-10 year management plan Employ a project manager assigned to institute the 1 st overall management plan. More professionals- education curriculum- conservation architects, Garden and landscape specialists. Cellular antennas, parking in lot, inner changes- weaknesses of conservation plan 2650b as approved. Need for ongoing city guardianship. Q: what is beyond our capacity when dealing with modern heritage? Conserve- do not preserve. Q: where is the line drawn? Q: Lifestyle- old style jeopardized: Older/Weaker pushed out? Emerging management ideas (with city officials) II Backgound Conservation Urban fabric City scale Discussion Adjacent cities Management of Modern Historic Urban Landscapes Chandigarh, India City Level

23. Tel Aviv the city and the Metropolitan context Towards a management plan Naomi Angel, Architect - Tel Aviv District Planner Minimize risks for the city –”BANK” of building rights –Zoning it. Divide zoning plan 2650b to 2 plans: buildings (approved!) and buffer, “protected”, areas (to be done) Guide conservation plans for adjacent cities – Metropolitan Buffer Zone and metropolitan radiation of World Heritage Site inscription. Note: Shift from heritage of Zionist settlement only - towards a mixture of past agricultural and small town heritage with modern Architectural urban. Assist in updating regulations and laws -Fiscal laws (tax incentives – VAT and property tax). -Fire protection code- Fire engine near building front Vs protecting street, green fence, sidewalk & trees. Q: Is there a metropolitan vision of heritage? Q: Metropolitan management plan or guidance towards local ones? Emerging District level management issues Backgound Conservation Urban fabric City scale Discussion Adjacent cities Management of Modern Historic Urban Landscapes Chandigarh, India District Level

24. Tel Aviv the city and the Metropolitan context Towards a management plan Naomi Angel, Architect - Tel Aviv District Planner Where are we on the timeline of Metropolitan aging? “Petrified forest – Living forest” image. Inherent uncertainties – apply Risk Management methodologies – Re-educate Planners. 4 “sister cities” transcontinetal partnership – Brasilia, Chandigarh, Le Havre, Tel Aviv- dynamic learning and constant mutual support – empowrment. What next? –100 years of Tel Aviv meeting: 2009 ? –4 Cities Internet Forum: immediate action. Backgound Conservation Urban fabric City scale Discussion Adjacent cities Management of Modern Historic Urban Landscapes Chandigarh, India Reflection on URBAN PROCESSES

25. Tel Aviv the city and the Metropolitan context Towards a management plan Naomi Angel, Architect - Tel Aviv District Planner Thanks Arch. Danny Kaiser- former City Engineer- Tel Aviv-Jaffa Arch. Hezi Berkowitz - City Engineer- Tel Aviv-Jaffa Arch. Nitza Szmuk- former head of conservation Dpt.–Tel-Aviv Jaffa Arch. Daniella Possek – City Architect Tel-Aviv Jaffa Arch. Jeremie Hoffman - head of conservation Dpt.–Tel-Aviv Jaffa Planner Tamar Tuchler – Council for Conservation of Sites and Buildings Arch. Gobbi Kertes – Conservation consultant, Tel-Aviv District Arch. Sergio Lerman – City Architect, Ramat Gan Arch. Tzadik Elyakim, Arch. Udi Kassif, Arch. Moshe Tzur Arch. Amichai Friedman and TLV District team Arch. student Tamir Lavi. Management of Modern Historic Urban Landscapes Chandigarh, India