1. Activity Evolution: a change in populations over successive generations. Complete an Evidence Summary Chart as a class. Identify one pro (positive) and one con (negative) argument for each area of evidence in the graphic organizer and one example for each of the two areas you were assigned. Define the key terms related to each area of evidence.

2. Evidence for Evolution Area: Fossil Record Examples: mastodon, wooly mammoth, elephant Pro: rock formations in layers help to date the fossils, some complete remains Con:record is incomplete, fossils not always formed, soft tissue rarely preserved Vocabulary:fossil — body parts (bones, casts) preserved or petrified in rock or amber.

3. Fossils oldest layers youngest layers

4. Fossils fossilized rock Amber (tree sap) Frozen in ice/snow

5. American mastodon (Mammut americanum) extinct Woolly mammoth (Mammuthus primigenius) extinct

6. African elephant (Loxodonta africana)

7. Evidence from Fossil Record 35 million years2 million yearspresent day

8. Evidence for Evolution Area: Anatomy Examples : forelimb structures (bird, horse, human) vestigial organs (pig toes, whale pelvis, human appendix) Pro :can study structures in present day and fossilized organisms Con :some incomplete records for fossils Vocabulary :comparative anatomy —study of the structures of different organisms. homologous parts — body parts similar in structure or function or both. vestigial structure — a body structure once useful in early forms of an organism but no longer functional.

9. Homologous Structure of a Forelimb salamander crocodilebird bat whalemolehuman walkingflyingswimming digging handling

10. Homologous Structure of a Forelimb Ulna (forelimb bone) in 5 mammals

11. Vestigial Structure in a Whale whale ancestor Pelvic bone w/femur (leg bone) Orca (whale)

12. Vestigial Structure in a Whale whale ancestor Pelvic bone w/femur (leg bone) dolphin w/hind flippers

13. Vestigial Structures Pig walks on inner two toes. Pig foot - outer toes are raised and are useless. Pig foot has four toes.

14. Vestigial Structures in Humans

15. human appendix

16. Vestigial Structures in Humans appendix in other mammals