1. The Immune and Enteric Systems Sue Howell, DVM

2. The Immune System www.nobelprize.org Identify potentially injurious substances Distinguish self from non-self Assess level of threat Mount an appropriate response Repair damage

3. Body’s natural response to insult Vital to survival Meant to be turned on for a short time Inflammation

6. Ingredients that support the immune system http://vimeo.com/62369403 Spanish black radish RNA Buckwheat leaf juice and seed L-glutamine

7. Adaptogens (Eleutherococcus senticosus ) Ginseng ( Withania somnifera ) Ashwaganda

8. Canine Immune Support Feline Immune Support Indications General immune system support Colder climates or during the fall/winter months When kenneled or in a shelter

9. Star

10. 6 year old F/S DSH Chronic URI resolved with doxycycline, hyperglobulinemia with polyclonal gammopathy diagnosed 1 year prior No follow up viral panel. No viral testing History Severe crusting and ulceration of the ears, face, and forelimbs Lesions bleed easily when touched Splenomegaly Lethargy Presentation

11. Star Negative skin scraping, 3+ cocci on skin cytology, woods light negative FIV positive Hyperglobulinemia Lymphopenia Diagnostics Clavamox Itraconazole pending fungal culture Nutritional support for the immune system Grain-free canned diet Recommendation

12. Star Lesions were drying up and 50% resolved More active Fungal culture negative Recheck (2 weeks) Continue Clavamox Continue nutritional support for the immune system Recommendation

13. Star Skin lesions resolved Spleen smaller and less nodular upon palpation Recheck (4 weeks) Continue nutritional support for the immune system Recommendation No lesions Active and glossy hair coat Spleen unchanged Owner is thrilled! Recheck (6 weeks)

14. The Gastrointestinal System 70% of immune system Enterocytes Mucosal barrier Gut flora Enteric nervous system

15. Leaky Gut Syndrome Source: www.ktcolgan.com www.ktcolgan.com

16. Gut Flora Biomedical Imaging Unit, Southampton General Hospital detoxifies some xenobiotics maintains the intraluminal environment dialogues with the immune tissues of the gut stimulates bone marrow

17. Behavior

18. Enteric Support Ingredients

19. Canine Enteric Support Feline Enteric Support Systems Supported Digestive system Liver Kidneys Immune system Endocrine system

20. Canine Enteric Support Feline Enteric Support Indications General enteric support Patients with increased metabolic demand Hepatic patients in need of additional enteric support as indicated by ALT, alkaline phosphatase, bile acids studies, and enteric histopathology Patients with immune challenges

21. Lexi History Pancreatitis 2 years ago “Sensitive stomach” and infrequent soft stool 11/27/13 – diarrhea and one episode of vomiting, suspected URI 12/3/13 – suspected pneumonia 12/31/13 – OSU consult 1/1/14 – whipworms diagnosed

22. Lexi Diagnosis Lymphangectasia with concomminent mild IBD

23. Lexi Medications Azothioprine, Tylan powder, low dose aspirin, Prednisone, Vit B12 Nutritional support for the immune system the gastrointestinal system essential amino acids Progress 2/4/14 normal protein levels, weaning off medications, continue nutritional support