1. Emancipation Proclamation Objective: Explain the reasons for the emancipation and responses to it

2. Calls for Emancipation Abolitionists urged Lincoln to free the slaves Lincoln did not feel he had the power under the Constitution and did not want to upset the border states Summer, 1862 – Lincoln decides in favor of emancipation

3. If freeing the slaves would weaken the south, he would do it Would wait until he was in position of strength Lee’s forces are stopped at Antietam, Lincoln decides to act

4. Emancipation Proclamation Jan. 1, 1863 – Lincoln issues the proclamation which freed all slaves in Confederate territory Freed few slaves Slaves Lincoln intended to free lived in distant areas where Union troops could not enforce the proclamation Proclamation seen as a military action to weaken the south

5. Constitution did not give Lincoln power to free the slaves within the Union Asked Congress to abolish slavery slowly throughout the land Proclamation symbolizes change for the north – no longer a limited war with main goal to preserve Union; now a war of liberation

6. Summary questions What was Lincoln’s reason for not emancipating slaves when the war began? Why was the immediate impact of the Emancipation Proclamation limited? Why were slaves in the border states not emancipated? Activity: Illustrate what the Emancipation Proclamation did.

7. African- American Soldiers Describe the role of African-American soldiers

8. African-American soldiers Proclamation declared African-American men willing to fight would be accepted in the Union army African-American soldiers served in all-black regiments usually led by white officers; often given the worst jobs, and paid less than white soldiers Glory – Tear it up!

9. 54 th Massachusetts Insisted on fighting without pay (others did also) One of the first African-American regiments organized in the North July, 1863 – led heroic attack on Fort Wagner in South Carolina African- American soldiers faced grave danger in capture

10. Often shot by Confederate soldiers or taken into slavery

11. Summary questions Why did black soldiers often face greater hardships than white soldiers? How did black soldiers aid the war effort? Activity: Illustrate one way that black soldiers aided the war effort.