1. ITU Regional Workshop on SMS4DC for English Speaking countries in Africa, Abuja, Nigeria , May 2013
National Telecommunication Corporation (NTC), SMS4DC work Shop, Khartoum – June 2012

2. Broadcasting in SMS4DC Prepared by : Eng.Yasir Mohammed Bashar

3. BROACASTING PLANS FOR REGION 1
GE75 The Plan for MF broadcasting in Regions 1 and 3 and LF broadcasting in Region 1, Geneva, 1975 (GE75).
GE84 The Plan for use of the band MHz for FM sound broadcasting in Region 1 and part of Region 3, Geneva, 1984 (GE84).
GE89 Rev The Plan for VHF/UHF television broadcasting in the African Broadcasting Area and neighboring countries, Geneva, 1989 (GE89).
GE06 The Plans for VHF/UHF analogue and digital broadcasting in parts of Regions 1 and 3, in the frequency bands MHz and MHz, Geneva 2006

4.  GE84 Agreement,
The Regional Administrative Conference for FM Sound Broadcasting for the Countries of Region 1 and Part of Region 3, Afghanistan and the Islamic Republic of Iran, was held in Geneva in 1984, and adopted a Plan for broadcasting stations in the band MHz.
The Plan came into force on 1 July 1987

5. Main content of G84 agreement
Frequency Assignment Plan for FM Sound Broadcasting Stations in Region 1 and Part of Region 3 in the Band MHz
Notification of Frequency Assignments
Compatibility with the Aeronautical Radionavigation Service
Basic characteristics of sound broadcasting stations to be submitted for modifications to the Plan in application of Article 4 of the Agreement
Limits for determining when coordination with another administration is required as a result of a proposed modification to the Plan

6. GE84 Agreement, Geneva 1984 VHF-FM radio
Planning area :The countries of Region 1 as defined in No. 393 of the Radio Regulations together with the Democratic Republic of Afghanistan and the Islamic Republic of Iran.

7. GE84 Lattice Planning system

8. Procedure for modifying or adding an assignment
An administration wishing to modify the characteristics of an assignment in the Plan or to add a new assignment must preferably seek agreement directly from those administrations whose services are liable to be affected.
It then sends BR the characteristics of the modification or addition electronically or using a T01 form of notice (Circular Letter CR/120), indicating the names of the administrations with which agreement has been reached.
The Bureau determines those frequency assignments in conformity with the Plan that may be affected and publishes the characteristics of the modifications in Part A of a GE84 Special Section together with the names of those administrations that have given their agreement and those from which agreement must be obtained.
Step 1 through SMS4DC
National Telecommunication Corporation (NTC), SMS4DC work Shop, Khartoum – June 2012

9. Procedure for modifying or adding an assignment
When an assignment in conformity with the Agreement is withdrawn, the administration concerned so informs the Bureau immediately using TB5 forms of notice. The Bureau publishes this information in Part C of the GE84 Special Section and updates the Plan.

10. Notification of frequency assignments
An administration wishing to bring a broadcasting assignment into operation in conformity with the Agreement must notify it to the Bureau in conformity with the provisions of Article 11 of the Radio Regulations.
When the assignment brought into use is in conformity with the technical characteristics set forth for the assignment in the Plan, it is then entered into the Master International Frequency Register(generally known as the MIFR).

11. Example table of coordination distances
Different tables are used for various types of propagation path. These are incorporated in SMS4DC and used for BC2BC coordination menu function.
If the station coordination distance (given in the appropriate table for the station e.r.p) is greater than the distance from the station to the border, the station must be coordinated

13. Coordination of Minimum FS and protection ratio
Minimum field strength: The planning was based on the following median values of the minimum usable field strength (measured 10 m above ground level):
Services
Areas
Stereophonic dBμV/m]
Monophonic [dBμV/m] 54 48
Rural 66 60
Urban 74 70
Large cities

14. An Administration Should Normally Accept the Proposed Modification Provided that:
The resulting usable field strength is not greater than 54 dB(μV/m); or
The resulting usable field strength is greater than 54 dB(μV/m), but is increased by 0.5 dB or less compared with the reference usable field strength. An increase of more than 0.5 dB is open to negotiations, in which more detailed calculation methods may be used.

15. Some definitions from the plan
Coverage area: The area within which the field strength of the wanted transmitter is equal to or greater than the usable field strength. In this area the protection against interference is provided for 99% of time.
Service area: The part of the coverage area in which the administration has the right to demand that the agreed protection conditions be provided.

16. Important parameters(1)
Protection ratio, PR
The required difference in dB between the level of the wanted signal and the level of the interfering signal to achieve the required quality of reception.
Minimum field strength (C/N)
It is a minimum field strength level which is necessary to fulfil the signal quality for coverage.
Waned field strength (Ew)
The required field strength of a wanted signal to achieve the required quality of reception, considering multiple interfering signals and their corresponding protection ratios .Ew>En
National Telecommunication Corporation (NTC), SMS4DC work Shop, Khartoum – June 2012

17. Important parameters(2)
Interferer field strength, Ei[dBμV/m]
The field strength of a single interfering other signal
Nuisance field strength( En)
The equivalent required field strength of a wanted signal to achieve the required quality of reception, considering a single interfering signal and its corresponding protection ratio.
En= Ei(interference field strength)+ PR
Usable field strength, Eu[dBμV/m]:
The required field strength of a wanted signal to achieve the required quality of reception, considering multiple interfering signals and their corresponding protection ratios
Eu= Sum [En]

18. Interference by Noise Ew > Es + C/N Emin Wanted field strength Ew
Minimum
field strength Emin
Noise level Es
C/N
Noise
wanted TX
Criteria for coverage
Wanted Field Str. > Minimum Field Str.
Ew > Es + C/N
Coverage area
Emin

19. Interference by one Transmitter
Nuisance field En
Wanted
field strength Ew
Protection ratio
Interfering
field strength Ei
C/N
Noise
Coverage area with noise only
Criteria for coverage
Wanted Field Str. > Nuisance Field Str.
Ew > Ei + PR
Coverage area En
with one
interfering Tx

20. Σ Interference by several Transmitters Ew > E Usable field strength
Protection ratio Ew
E i 2
E i 1
C/N
Noise
Coverage area with noise only
Criteria for coverage
Wanted Field Str. > Usable Field Str. m Σ n
Ew > E j
Coverage area
1=j123
with several interfering Tx Eu

21. Selection Criteria

22. Nigeria Recorded G84 PLAN

23. FM sound broadcasting station coordination with
GE84 using SMS4DC
FM sound broadcasting station coordination with
Stations in broadcasting service
Land mobile services
Fixed services

24. BC to BC/BT Coordination distance
distances between the broadcasting station and the nearest point on the boundary of any other administration shall be used to identify administrations whose sound broadcasting services may be considered as affected
Pb : Nearest point to border
Border
Country Y
Country X
BC Station

25. BC to BC Coordination distance

26. BC to BT Coordination distance

27. BC TO F X coordination
Fixed service is affected if field strength of BC at the nearest point on the boundary of another administration exceeds 0dB.
Pb : Nearest point to border
Border
Country Y
Country X
BC Station

28. BC TO LM Coordination
Land mobile station is affected if field strength of BC at the nearest point on the boundary of another administration exceeds the following limits
Region 3
horizontal polarization: 18 dB(mV/m).
vertical or mixed polarization: 0 dB(mV/m);
No. 581 of MCO
horizontal polarization: 14 dB(mV/m);
vertical or mixed polarization: 6 dB(mV/m).
Pb : Nearest point to border
Country Y
Border
Country X
BC Station

29. EXCERSISES

30. GE06 Agreement GE06 D & GE06A & GE06L
Prepared by :
Eng.Yasir Mohammed Bashar

31. Geneva agreement of 2006 (GE 06) which resulted from the Regional Radio Communication Conference of 2006 (RRC 06) for countries in Region 1 (Europe, Africa and the Middle East and Region 3 (Islamic Republic of Iran).

32. Region 1 (parts of Region 1 situated to the west of meridian 170° E and to the north of parallel 40° S, except the territory of Mongolia) and in the Islamic Republic of Iran

33. Frequency allocations
Frequency Allocation, Allotment and Assignments
Frequency allocations
Frequency distribution to
Services
Allocation (to allocate)
Areas or countries
Allotment (to allot)
Stations
Assignment (to assign)

34. Allocation structures
Two types of allocation
Allocation structures
Exclusive allocations
Involve broad international use of equipment and practices
Imply the need to harmonize relevant operational procedures and technical material in a larger international context
In some cases, exclusive allocations are subject to a plan (e.g. in the broadcasting service, in the maritime mobile service, or in the aeronautical mobile service)
Shared frequency allocations
applied to maximize the usage of the available spectrum
two or more radio communication services can effectively utilize the same frequency band
regulatory procedures based on the use of technical criteria (usually threshold values) intended to identify the countries with which the coordination is to be effected to obtain an acceptable sharing arrangement

35. Frequency allotment plans
Examples
Frequency allotment plans
AP25: Worldwide frequency allotment plan for coast radio telephone stations in band kHz
AP26: Worldwide frequency allotment plan for aeronautical mobile (OR) service in 3025 – kHz
AP27: Worldwide frequency allotment plan for aeronautical mobile (R) service in 2850 – kHz

36. Examples
GE85-R1-MAR: Frequency assignment plan for the maritime mobile service in the MF bands in Region 1
GE85-R1-AER: Frequency assignment plan for the aeronautical radio-navigation service in the MF bands in Region 1
GE85-EMA: Frequency assignment plan for the maritime radio-navigation service (radio beacons) for the European maritime area in the band kHz

37. GE06 Frequency plans The digital Plan consisting of two parts:
the MHz band and the MHz band (comprising T-DAB Plan assignments, T-DAB Plan allotments, DVB-T Plan assignements, DVB-T Plan allotments);
The analogue Plan consisting of two parts: the MHz band and the MHz band.
After the expiry of the Transition period, the Plans will only contain the digital Plan.

38. GE06D
GE06D agreement adopts Digital Terrestrial Broadcasting Plan in the frequency bands III ( MHz) and bands IV/V ( MHz)
T-DAB (Band III), Terrestrial digital audio broadcasting, for radio with two reception modes of mobile and portable
DVB-T (Bands III, IV, V), Digital video broadcasting – terrestrial, for television with four reception modes of fixed, mobile, portable indoor and outdoor.

39. GE06A
GE06A agreement adopts analogue Terrestrial Broadcasting Plan in the frequency bands III ( MHz) and bands IV/V ( MHz) which will exist until the international Switch-over date in June 2015.
However, analog TV broadcasting will be protected up to 2020 upon the request of a number of African and Middle East countries in VHF (Band III).

40. GE06L
As referred to in paragraph 1.15 of Article 1 of the GE06 Agreement, the List of assignments to primary terrestrial services other than broadcasting

41. Layout of channels in VHF/ UHF bands For digital broadcasting, according to GE06D
Range
[MHz]
Number of
channels
within the band
Serial
number of
the first
channel
Serial number
of the last
Channel
Width [MHz]
Channel allocation
III
(VHF) 8 5 12
DVB-T&T-DAB
(channel spacing of 1.25 MHz is used for
T-DAB)
IV and V(UHF) 49 21 69
DVB-T IV 14 34 V 35

42. T-DAB frequency blocks (VHF)

43. Standard and variants (1/2)
Within the standard for digital television there are many variants. Within these variants in the DVB-t family of standards different options in relation to various technical parameters, such as the number of carriers, modulation schemes, coding rate, guard interval, etc. are available.
These variants has an impact on the type of broadcast service delivered (i.e. conventional multi-channel television, handheld/portable television or high definition television), as the different options generate different planning parameters and this in turn can have a significant impact on network capacity, design and cost of implementation.
Within the standard for digital television there are many variants. The capacity (bit rate) varies from standard to standard, as does the ruggedness of the transmission. The system variants come under the broad standard known as DVB (Digital Video Broadcasting). The most common variants are DVB-T (Terrestrial), DVB-H (Handheld) and DVB-HD. (High Definition). A new variant, DVB-MHP (Multimedia Home Platform) has been developed to include not just the broadcasting technology but also a whole range of interactive applications on many platforms.
Within these variants in the DVB family of standards different options in relation to various technical parameters, such as the number of carriers, modulation schemes, coding rate, guard interval, etc. are available. However, while technical in nature, these variants can impact on the type of broadcast service delivered (i.e conventional multi-channel television, handheld/portable television or high definition television), as the different options generate different planning parameters and this in turn can have a significant impact on network capacity, design and cost of implementation.
To accommodate this variety in the standards it is normal practice that a set of reference parameters is use in the planning of the spectrum for digital broadcasting. The reference parameters selected for this purpose should allow for flexibility in the making of future decision on broadcasting and how the spectrum is used.
National Telecommunication Corporation (NTC), SMS4DC work Shop, Khartoum – June 2012

44. Standard and variants (1/2)

45. No of Programs (Quality Versus Quantity)
There is a link between the standard and variant selected for digital broadcasting, the quality of the programme services and the quantity of services available (i.e. HDTV SDTV).
Different types of multiplexing and system variants provide differing quality and services. In order to provide an acceptable video and audio quality in conventional displays there are certain minimum parameters.
Within the standard for digital television there are many variants. The capacity (bit rate) varies from standard to standard, as does the ruggedness of the transmission. The system variants come under the broad standard known as DVB (Digital Video Broadcasting). The most common variants are DVB-T (Terrestrial), DVB-H (Handheld) and DVB-HD. (High Definition). A new variant, DVB-MHP (Multimedia Home Platform) has been developed to include not just the broadcasting technology but also a whole range of interactive applications on many platforms.
Within these variants in the DVB family of standards different options in relation to various technical parameters, such as the number of carriers, modulation schemes, coding rate, guard interval, etc. are available. However, while technical in nature, these variants can impact on the type of broadcast service delivered (i.e conventional multi-channel television, handheld/portable television or high definition television), as the different options generate different planning parameters and this in turn can have a significant impact on network capacity, design and cost of implementation.
To accommodate this variety in the standards it is normal practice that a set of reference parameters is use in the planning of the spectrum for digital broadcasting. The reference parameters selected for this purpose should allow for flexibility in the making of future decision on broadcasting and how the spectrum is used.
National Telecommunication Corporation (NTC), SMS4DC work Shop, Khartoum – June 2012

46. Approach to planning(1)
The ITU have indicated that planning for DTT can be based on either assignment or allotment planning.
Is a set of administrative, technical and geographical parameters uniquely describing the use of a radio frequency (or a radio frequency channel) in one or more identified countries or geographical areas by one or more radio stations under specified conditions and being recorded in corresponding file or record
ALLOTMENT
ASSIGNMENT
Is a set of administrative, technical and geographical parameters uniquely describing one single radio-station (or multiple radio-stations, in case of typical stations) being recorded in corresponding file or record

47. Approach to planning (2)
Reference field strength: The agreed value of the field strength that can serve as a reference or basis for frequency planning.
Test points: A test point is a geographically defined location at which specified calculations are carried out.

48. Approach to planning (3)
Coordination trigger field strength: Field-strength level which, when exceeded, determines that coordination is required (also referred to as trigger field strength).
Fixed reception: Fixed reception is defined as reception where a directional receiving antenna mounted at roof level is used.
Portable reception :Portable reception is defined as:
class A (outdoor), which means reception where a portable receiver with an attached or built-in antenna is used outdoors at no less than 1.5 m above ground level;
class B (ground floor, indoor), which means reception where a portable receiver with an attached or built-in antenna is used indoors at no less than 1.5 m above floor level in rooms
Mobile reception: Mobile reception is defined as reception by a receiver in motion with an antenna situated at no less than 1.5 m above ground level. This could for example be a car receiver or handheld equipment.

49. Approach to planning (4)
Multi-frequency network (MFN): A network of transmitting stations using several RF channels.
Single-frequency network (SFN):A network of synchronized transmitting stations radiating identical signals in the same RF channel.
Reference planning configuration (RPC): A representative combination of criteria and parameters to be used for frequency planning purposes.
Reference network (RN): A generic network structure representing a real network, for the purposes of a compatibility analysis. The main purpose is to determine the potential for and susceptibility to interference of typical digital broadcasting networks.
Digital Plan entry: An assignment, or an allotment, or a combination of assignments that may or may not be linked to a single allotment and that, for the purposes of the implementation of the Plan and its modifications, is treated as a single entity.

50. Multiple frequency networks
Separation required
Gap-fillers require additional spectrum
There are, in principle, two types of terrestrial digital broadcasting networks to be considered. These are:
Multi-frequency networks (MFN) which allow the same or different programmes to be carried by individual transmitters using different frequencies.
Single frequency networks (SFN) in which the required coverage is provided through the use of multiple transmitters operating on the same frequency and carrying the same programmes.
The type of network implemented will depend on the availability of frequencies, the type of coverage required, and the number of multiplexes to be provided and may depend on further national constraints or strategies. The network configurations for digital terrestrial broadcasting services can be implemented as MFN, as SFN or as mixed networks consisting of MFN and SFN.
National Telecommunication Corporation (NTC), SMS4DC work Shop, Khartoum – June 2012

51. Single frequency networks
Limited distance
Gap-fillers operate on same frequency

52. Network parameters (Reception modes and coverage quality)
Traditionally television planning was based on the use of a rooftop aerial, however an indoor portable reception &outdoor portable and mobile reception has also evolved to a limited extent in recent years.
With the traditional analogue system, as the signal level reduces it is still possible to receive a viewable picture (bad quality). As a consequence of this gradual degrading in picture quality it was possible to provide reasonable level of coverage even where the planned median signal level may not be full met. However with a digital reception, there is a very rapid transition from perfect picture to no picture. Consequence portable reception, particularly indoor will be more problematic to achieve unless it is considered at the planning stage.
If there is a demand for portable and mobile reception, that may result in either an increase in the transmission power required or in the number of stations necessary to serve a given area. This in turn can impact on the number of multiplexers that can be accommodated in a given area.

53. Network parameters (Network structure and coverage areas))
The type of transmission system and location of the transmitter is a more complex consideration with digital broadcasting than with analogue broadcasting.
Networks can be planned using either, one frequency channel at the various stations in the network, or using a number of different frequencies throughout the network. The former are referred to as a single frequency networks (SFN) while the latter are called a multi-frequency network (MFN).
As single frequency network use the same frequency channel at each of the transmission stations within the network, there is a considerable reduction in the amount of spectrum required. While this would allow more multiplexes to be considered, its disadvantage is that it requires a more complex support infrastructure (i.e. method of feeding the signal to each of the broadcast stations particularly fill-in stations). In addition the content must be the same throughout the entire service area (not possible to have regional opt outs in a national network.
Multi frequency networks requires more spectrum to provide services in a given area. However this type of network would facilitate the provision of different programmes to different parts of the service area (Regional programming).

54. Digital Plan Entry(1)
Single Digital Broadcasting Station or an analogue broadcasting station, It is commonly described as; Plan Entry Code one (PEC =1); The reference point is the geographical location of the station.
Digital Broadcasting Station operating in a single frequency network (SFN) , It is commonly described as; Plan Entry Code two (PEC =2) i.e. the stations is linked with SFN with same SFN ID; The reference point is the center of gravity of the geographical coordinates of the all transmitters locations in the SFN.

55. Digital Plan Entry(2)
Broadcasting allotment; It is commonly described as; Plan Entry Code three (PEC =3) i.e. The reference point is the center of gravity of the geographical of the allotment area if it is located within this area. The characteristics of the allotment area is determined based on the selected RPC & RN ( for the interference calculation purpose as will be discussed later)
Allotment with linked assignments and SFN_Id is (PEC=4).
Allotment with single linked assignment and no SFN identifier (PEC=5).

56. Digital Plan entry can be composed from assignments, allotments or a combination of assignment and allotments as stated below

57. Reference Planning Configuration & Reference Network

58. Reference Planning Configuration
The Reference Planning Configurations (RPC) describes the sum of all relevant technical aspects of a broadcasting service implementation required for planning purposes.
There is a number of possible planning configurations according to the factors shown below
Reception modes for DVB-T:
Portable reception (indoor / outdoor)
Fixed reception (roof top)
Mobile reception
Reception modes for T-DAB:
Portable indoor reception
DVB-T System variants
Modulation type and code rate (15 types)
Channel bandwidth 7 and 8 MHz (15 x 2 types)
Guard intervals (1/4, 1/8, 1/16, 1/32) (15 x 2 x 4 = 120 variant types)

59. Derivation of RPC’s

60. Which RPC we should use?
ITU in order to minimize and facilitate the planning process grouped them into three RPCs. Specifically, the possible combinations of reception mode, modulation type, code rate and required location coverage probability were grouped according to the equivalent minimum median field strength required on the receiving location
RPCs for DVB‑T
RPC
RPC 1
RPC 2
RPC 3
Reference location probability
95%
Reference C/N (dB) 21 19 17
Reference (Emed)ref (dB(µV/m)) at 200 MHz 50 67 76
Reference (Emed)ref (dB(µV/m)) at 650 MHz 56 78 88
(Emed)ref: minimum median equivalent field strength
RPC 1: RPC for fixed roof-level reception
RPC 2: RPC for portable outdoor reception or lower coverage quality portable indoor reception or mobile reception
RPC 3: RPC for higher coverage quality for portable indoor reception.
RPCs for T‑DAB
RPC
RPC 4
RPC 5
Reference location probability
99%
95%
Reference C/N (dB) 15
Reference (Emed)ref (dB(µV/m)) at 200 MHz 60 66
(Emed)ref: minimum median equivalent field strength
RPC 4: RPC for mobile reception
RPC 5: RPC for portable indoor reception

61. Reference location probability 95% Reference C/N (dB) 21
RPCs for DVB‑T
RPC
RPC 1
RPC 2
RPC 3
Reference location probability
95%
Reference C/N (dB) 21 19 17
Reference (Emed)ref (dB(µV/m)) at 200 MHz 50 67 76
Reference (Emed)ref (dB(µV/m)) at 650 MHz 56 78 88
(Emed)ref: minimum median equivalent field strength
RPC 1: RPC for fixed roof-level reception
RPC 2: RPC for portable outdoor reception or lower coverage quality portable indoor reception or mobile reception
RPC 3: RPC for higher coverage quality for portable indoor reception.

62. Reference location probability Reference C/N (dB)
RPCs for T‑DAB
RPC
RPC 4
RPC 5
Reference location probability
99%
95%
Reference C/N (dB) 15
Reference (Emed)ref (dB(µV/m)) at 200 MHz 60 66
(Emed)ref: minimum median equivalent field strength
RPC 4: RPC for mobile reception
RPC 5: RPC for portable indoor reception

63. Minimum usable field strength/minimum field strength to be protected
Minimum value of the field strength necessary to permit a desired reception quality, under specified receiving conditions, in the presence of natural and man-made noise, but in the absence of interference from other transmitters.
NOTE 1 – The term “minimum usable field strength” corresponds to the term “minimum field strength to be protected” which appears in many ITU texts and it also corresponds to the term “minimum median field strength”, which appears as Emed as well.

64. RPC/RN (1/3)
A generic network structures with geometrical symmetry and homogeneity with regard to transmitter characteristics, called Reference Networks (RNs) is used as reference in the earlier planning stages.
The use of RNs for the compatibility analysis is bound to the use of RPCs since the characteristics of the transmitters at each RN differentiate according to the RPC. There are four kinds of RNs, each corresponding to a different wanted reception type and service area characteristics.
The reference network (RN) classes and the reference planning configurations (RPC) are put together in a matrix, which results in 12 instances for DVB-T and two instances for T-DAB

65. RPC/RN (2/3)
Reference Networks Categories for DVB-T

66. Reference Networks Categories for T-DAB

67. RPC/RN (3/3)

68. Digital Plan Entry Exercise
Additions of Digital Plan Entry using SMS4DC
(Standalone Broadcasting Station )
National Telecommunication Corporation (NTC), SMS4DC work Shop, Khartoum – June 2012

69. Adding a Broadcasting Station
Step one: Adding a digital broadcasting Station (BT or BC)
Adding a Broadcasting Station

70. Step Two: Change the broadcasting station parameters

71. Step Three: For example set PEC=1

72. Step Four: Set the Plan to GE06 D

73. Step Five: Select the notice type (for example GT1)

74. Step Six: Set the administrative parameters and the geographical parameters

75. Step Seven: Set the technical parameters (equipments, power , standards & Variance etc.)

76. Description of fields in the table of equipment information for different class of stations

77. Description of fields in the table of equipment information for different class of stations

78. Description of fields in the table of equipment information for different class of stations

79. Step Eight: Set the technical parameters (frequency, BW, class of emission etc.)
Antenna information ( to be added).
National Telecommunication Corporation (NTC), SMS4DC work Shop, Khartoum – June 2012

80. Frequency information

81. “Spectrum Mask” concept
Figure1 : Out-of-band spectrum masks for a transmission signal

82. Step Nine: Display the Plan Entry information

83. Step Ten: select a Digital Plan Entry from a list

84. Step Eleven: check the parameters (PEC=1, Notice Type=GT1 etc.)

85. Digital Plan Entry Exercise
Additions of Digital Plan Entry using SMS4DC
(Broadcasting Allotment )

86. Step one : open database menu >> licensing >> right click >> select new allotment

87. Step Two : Allotment name= SOMPEC3 , set PEC=3, Notice Type : GT2, Ref ID:

88. Step Three : Go to DEM and Draw Polyline (1/1)

89. Step Four : Go to DEM and Draw Polyline (1/2)

90. Step Five : Go to Data Base and select define allotment area

91. Step Six : Select the added allotment

92. Step Seven : Check the allotment area contour

93. Step eight : Check the allotment area contour (Contour Points)

94. Step Nine: go back to database >> display GE 06 Plan entry

95. Step Ten: Check the PEC parameters for the allotment

96. Session Four Coordination
National Telecommunication Corporation (NTC), SMS4DC work Shop, Khartoum – June 2012

97. Search area with 1000Km from the Created Station
GE06 Agreement Identification of administration potentially affected by modification to the plan
Construction of cut-off FS (field strength) contours
Geometrical contours
Calculation points
Compare FS of assignment with that of the Plan entry at calculation points
Search area with 1000Km from the Created Station
National Telecommunication Corporation (NTC), SMS4DC work Shop, Khartoum – June 2012

98. How ? 4.1 Modifications to the Plans
4.1.1 When an administration proposes to make a modification to the digital Plan or the analogue Plan, i.e. in cases where an administration needs:
a) to change the characteristics of an allotment, or of an assignment to a broadcasting station, appearing in the Plans; or
b) to add to the Plans an allotment, or an assignment to a broadcasting station; or
c) to add to the digital Plan an assignment stemming from an allotment in the digital Plan; or
d) to cancel from the Plans an allotment, or an assignment to a broadcasting station,
this administration shall apply the procedure contained in Article (4) before any notification is made under Article (5) of GE06 Agreement.

99. How ? 4.1.2 Initiation of the modification procedure
Any administration proposing to change the characteristics of an assignment/allotment appearing in the Plans, or to add a new assignment/allotment to the Plans, shall seek the agreement of any other administration whose broadcasting service and/or other primary terrestrial services are considered to be affected.
An administration is considered to be affected in respect of its broadcasting service when the limits given in Section I of Annex 4 are exceeded.

100. Method for identifying potentially affected administrations
Establishment of the km contour.
In order to identify any potentially affected service, all countries whose boundaries lie inside or are intersected by the km contour are taken into consideration.
Selection of administrations whose broadcasting service is potentially affected
A contour is developed based, for each frequency range, based on the trigger coordination value corresponding to the broadcasting service to be protected specified in Table AP1.1 and following
the procedure developed in § 3 of this Section.
Identification of potentially affected administrations
The administrations with which coordination is required are identified by the coordination contours intersecting with or enclosing:
– the national boundaries of those administrations identified in Step 2 in relation to broadcasting;
– the locations of receiving stations/service areas of other primary services identified in Step 3

101. Coordination trigger field strengths

102. Field-strength calculations
The field-strength calculations are based on the propagation model in Chapter 2 of Annex 2 of the Agreement (propagation curves for the tropospheric case, i.e. 1% of time and 50% of locations, shall be used). The calculation of interference from any transmitter is limited to km.
a receiving antenna of 10 m above ground is considered (at 10 Km Step) in each on degree angle along radial from reference point.

103. different scenarios of coordination according to the GE06 Plan
This is to analyse different scenarios of coordination and
interference and perform calculations according to the GE06 Plan with respect to the broadcasting assignments (digital/analogue) or allotments as well as stations in the fixed and land mobile services as follows.
BCBT2BCBT (Affected Admin):
BCBT2FXLM (Affected Admin):
FXLM2BCBT (Affected Admin):
FXLM2BCBT (Affected Admin)/TX FXLM
FXLM2BCBT (Affected Admin)/RX FXLM:

104. Select a Broadcasting agreement to start the coordination scenario (for example GE06)

105. BCBT2BCBT (Affected Admin)(1)
this item identifies those countries in GE06 Plan whose broadcasting services are likely to be affected by emissions from a wanted broadcasting assignment (digital/analogue) or allotment situated in another country.
After choosing this item, all broadcasting assignments and allotments (in conformity with GE06 Plan) will be listed in a spreadsheet.
then the assignment/allotment required for the coordination contour calculation

106. BCBT2BCBT (Affected Admin)(2)
The coordination contour is developed using equally spaced radials equal to azimuth step (1°/10°) apart, over 360° around the allotment/assignment, centered on a single reference point.

107. BCBT2BCBT (Affected Admin)(3)
Finally, the list of countries (Administrations) likely to be affected which their national boundaries intersected with or enclosed by calculated coordination contour and the trigger field strength value are listed in a spreadsheet

108. BCBT2FXLM (Affected Admin)(1)
Item enabling users to find likely to be affected Administrations which their stations in fixed and land mobile services are inside a coordination contour around a wanted broadcasting assignment/allotment within a frequency range or those that have frequency overlap with relevant broadcasting assignment/allotment.
All linked assignments and/or associated allotment with wanted digital broadcasting assignment or allotment, based on its plan entry code, are considered by software for calculation of coordination contour .

109. BCBT2FXLM (Affected Admin)(2)
In this calculation all trigger field strength values of the receiving stations/areas located within the specified search radius and their relevant receiving antenna heights is used. These values have been extracted from the tables of trigger values in GE06 Plan .
Finally, a spreadsheet (“Affected Administrations”) lists the stations in the fixed and land mobile services that are likely to be affected because their location/receiving area intersects with, or is enclosed by, the calculated coordination contours.

110. FXLM2BCBT (Affected Admin)/TX FXLM(1)
This item enable users to identify those Administrations whose broadcasting service is likely to be affected by a wanted station in the fixed or land mobile service situated inside another country.
The administrations with which coordination is required are identified by the coordination contour for the broadcasting service that intersects with, or encloses, the national boundaries of other administrations
The largest field strength obtained, at each calculation point under consideration, among all boundary test points, is taken as the value of field strength to be used
All stations in the fixed and land mobile services (in conformity with GE06 Plan) will be listed in a spreadsheet .

111. FXLM2BCBT (Affected Admin)/TX FXLM(2)
After filling the required information t, a result spreadsheet will displays the list of affected Administrations, as well as the relevant trigger field strength and receiving antenna height, and the coordination contour.

112. FXLM2BCBT (Affected Admin)/RX FXLM(1)
This item enables users to identify administrations whose receiving stations in the fixed or land mobile service are likely to be affected in respect to the broadcasting service.
The administrations with which coordination is required are identified where their national boundaries are intersected or encloses by the coordination contour for the broadcasting service
Once values for the parameters have been specified, a list of unique trigger values and their relevant receiving antenna heights of GE06 Plan are displayed

113. FXLM2BCBT (Affected Admin)/RX FXLM(2)
After filling the required information , a result spreadsheet will displays the list of affected Administrations as well as relevant trigger field strength and receiving antenna height ,and coordination contour

114. Coverage Area calculation using SMS4DC
“Calculation of noise-limited coverage area (coverage area)”

115. Coverage area
The coverage area of a broadcasting station, or a group of broadcasting stations, in the case of a single-frequency network, is the area within which the wanted field strength is equal to or exceeds the usable field strength defined for specified reception conditions and for an envisaged percentage of covered receiving locations.
SMS4DC calculates noise-limited and interference-limited coverage areas for a wanted broadcasting assignment.
The noise-limited coverage area, as well as the interference-limited coverage area will be displayed on the DEM map

119. Step One: Select a Broadcasting agreement to draw the coverage area (for example GE06)

120. Step Two: Select the wanted assignment to estimate the coverage area

121. Step Three: selecting the coverage area parameters

122. Step Four: option for drawing the coverage area

123. Step Five: Drawing the coverage area

124. Service Area
Using SMS4DC

125. Step Two: selecting the service area parameters , Select “ new assignment”
The service area is The area within which the administration has the right to demand that the agreed protection conditions be provided.
Calculation is done on New or Existing assignment, number of test points and possibility to limit service area to national boundary of wanted assignment.
In the case of a New Assignment, the service area is calculated as noise-limited coverage area, but taking into account a required minimum median field strength which is augmented by a margin of 3 dB.
In the case of an Existing Assignment the service area is calculated as an interference-limited coverage area

126. Step One: Select a Broadcasting agreement to draw the service area (for example GE06)

127. Step Two: selecting the service area parameters , Select “ new assignment”
In order to draw service area based on noise limited coverage area

128. Step Three: option for drawing the service area
National Telecommunication Corporation (NTC), SMS4DC work Shop, Khartoum – June 2012

129. Step Four: drawing the service area

130. Service Area Using SMS4DC
“Calculation of the test points for the interference- limited coverage (service area)”

131. Step One: Select a Broadcasting agreement to draw the service area (for example GE06)

132. Step Two: selecting the service area parameters, This Time select existing assignment
In order to draw service area based on interference limited coverage area

133. Step Four: drawing the service area

134. broadcasting assignments/allotments and the fixed and land mobile STATIONS Interference calculation
different scenarios of interference calculations have been implemented for the broadcasting assignments/allotments and stations in the fixed and land mobile services in GE06 Plan.
BCBT2DBCBT to/from

135. BCBT2DBCBT to(1)
This item calculates interference from an analogue TV assignment or a digital BCBT Plan Entry to digital BCBT assignments/allotments .
All linked assignments and/or associated allotment with wanted digital broadcasting assignment/allotment, based on its plan entry code, are considered by the software for calculation of nuisance field strengths.

136. BCBT2DBCBT to(1)
Interference is calculated at each service area test point of the victim assignments or at each test point of the victim allotments and the maximum value of interference among all test points of a victim assignment/allotment is considered.
For this purpose, the combined nuisance field strength value is subtracted from the minimum median field strength at each test point to give the protection margin.
Note(must define service area for each station s before running interference calculation).

137. BCBT2DBCBT to(2)
The minimum value of protection margin is considered and compared with the protection margin limit.

138. BCBT2DBCBT ftom
BCBT2DBCBT: This item calculates interference to a digital BCBT assignment/allotment caused by analogue TV assignments or digital BCBT Plan Entries

139. BCBT2ABT from(1)
BCBT2ABT: Item to calculate interference caused by an analogue TV assignment or a digital BCBT Plan Entry to analogue TV assignments
All linked assignments and/or associated allotment belonging to the wanted digital broadcasting assignment/allotment, based on its plan entry code, are considered by software for calculation of nuisance field strengths
Interference is calculated at each service area test point of victim assignments and the maximum value of interference among all test points of a victim assignment is considered

140. BCBT2ABT from(2)
At each test point of the victim assignment, the power sum value of UFS (Usable Field Strength value calculated by service area function) and nuisance field strength value is calculated. The nuisance field strength is subtracted from the value of UFS to give Margin. The maximum value of Margin among the test points is considered to compare with limiting margin .

141. BCBT2ABT to
This item calculates interference to an analogue TV assignment caused by analogue TV assignments or digital BCBT Plan Entries

142. FXM2DBCBT to(1)
In the case of the interfering mobile station, the software asks for the location of the station. There are three possibilities: as nearest point to victim assignment/ allotment, gravity point of service area and user defined location .
Interference is calculated at each service area test point of victim assignments, or at each test point of victim allotments, and the maximum value of interference among all test points is considered

143. FXM2DBCBT to(2)
The combined nuisance field strength value is subtracted from the minimum median field strength at each test point to give the protection margin. The minimum value of protection margin is considered and compared with protection margin limit.

144. FXM2DBCBT from
This item calculates interference caused by a station in the fixed or land mobile services (in conformity with GE06 Plan ) to digital BCBT assignments/allotments.
National Telecommunication Corporation (NTC), SMS4DC work Shop, Khartoum – June 2012

145. FXM2ABT to
This item calculates interference caused by a station in fixed or land mobile service to analogue TV assignments
Interference is calculated at each service area test point of victim assignments and the maximum value of interference is considered among all test points
At each test point of the victim assignment, the power sum value of UFS (Usable Field Strength value calculated by service area function) and nuisance field strength value is calculated

146. FXM2ABT to(1)
The nuisance field strength value is subtracted from the value of UFS to give the Margin. The maximum value of Margin among test points is considered and compared with the limiting Margin

147. FXM2ABT from
This item calculates interference to an analogue TV assignment caused by stations in the fixed or land mobile services

148. BCBT2FXM to(1)
this item calculates interference caused by an analogue TV assignment or a digital BCBT Plan Entry to stations in the fixed or land mobile services.
Interference is calculated at receiving stations, or at each service area test point of victim stations, and the maximum value of interference is determined by comparing the values from all test points
The nuisance field strength value is subtracted from the minimum median field strength at each test point to give the protection margin.

149. BCBT2FXM to(2)
The minimum value of protection margin is considered and compared with the protection margin limit

150. BCBT2FXM from
This item calculates interference to a station in the fixed or land mobile services caused by analogue TV assignments or digital BCBT Plan Entries

151. Thank you