1. House finch -house finches are omnivores -each finch breeds two to four times a summer -the population was descended from caged birds -competes with the house sparrow for nesting sites -Lays four to five eggs at a time -Males are redish in color while the females are a dull brown

2. Common carp -one of the most adaptable fish in the country -first ever foodfish -will eat anything it comes across -they are bigger then most native freshwater species -has been known to survive in every freshwater habitat -can tolerate low oxygen levels by gulping air

3. House sparrow -descendants from few birds released in central park -compete with native species with food and nesting sites -they are native to Eurasia and northern Africa -they have two to three broods per season -they are located in cities towns and agricultural areas -builds globular nests in trees

4. European starling -black in coloration in the winter but turns brown in the summer -

5. Hemlock Woolly  The Hemlock Woolly is a small aphid-like insect from Japan  Hemlock Woollies attack eastern hemlocks  Injures hemlocks by sucking sap and injecting a toxic saliva causing the needles to turn a grayish-green color and drop from the tree usually within a few months and causing the tree to die in a few years  The Hemlock Woolly was first discovered in Pennsylvania in 1967  They display several different forms during their life history, including winged and wingless forms  insecticides is currently recommended for controlling the hemlock woolly

6. Asian Longhorn Beetle  Attacks maple species, including Norway, red, sugar, silver, box elder, and sycamore maple as well Horse chestnut trees  The beetle is believed to have arrived in North America in the wooden packing material used in cargo shipments from China  Asian Longhorn Beetle larvae eat the insides of trees, weakening them and eventually killing them  Female Asian Longhorn Beetles lays about 35 eggs  Asian Longhorn Beetle live only for 42 days  Trees infested with the beetle must be burnt down

7. Japanese Beetle  Japanese beetles feed on about 300 species of plants, including poison ivy  Japanese beetles usually feed in groups, causing severe damage to a plant  These beetles feed from the top of the plant down  Male beetles tend to be slightly smaller than the females  Females lay about 40 to 60 eggs  The Japanese beetle’s life cycle takes a year

8. Japanese Cedar Longhorn Beetle  Japanese Cedar Longhorn Beetle is a wood-boring beetle  It was once thought to attack only dying trees, until recently when it was found attacking healthy trees in Milford, Connecticut  Females lay their eggs in tree bark crevices  Japanese Cedar Longhorn Beetles leave a small oval exit holes  These beetles are often found at the base of the crotch where two branches join

9. Mexican Beetle bean The yellow, soft-bodied larvae are up to 7/16 inch in length and covered by branched spines. Both adults and larvae feed by stripping away the surface tissue primarily on the undersides of leaves. Adults and larvae feed on pods and on underside of leaves; pods and leaves are skeleton zed. This is there damage. Mexican bean beetles over winter as adults on trees, shrubs, or in plant debris Each female will lay an average of 460 eggs. The time span from egg to adult beetle is about one month and multiple generations occur annually

10. Gypsy Moth Gypsy moths are exotic, defoliating insects whose feeding can contribute to significant tree mortality. In the spring, numerous tiny caterpillars hatch from the eggs. By midsummer they are fully grown, about six to seven centimeters long, dark and quite hairy. The female moth is flightless and depends on the male The Gypsy moth has a wide host range which includes native shade trees, as well as Garry oak and valuable ornamentals trees Gypsy moth larvae (caterpillars) are voracious defoliators. The larvae can feed on over 500 species of trees, shrubs and vines. The gypsy moth is found mainly in the temperate regions of the world

11. Asiatic Bittersweet The branches are round, hairless, light to dark brown, and have noticeable lenticels (surface “bumps” ) Flowers are small, greenish-yellow, and grow in clusters from the joints between the leaves and the stems. The fruits are pea-sized capsules, which change in color from green to bright yellow as they mature Asiatic bittersweet poses a serious threat to other species and to whole habitats due to its aggressive habit of twining around and growing over other vegetation. This plant has a high reproductive rate, long- range dispersal mechanisms, and the ability to root-sucker It grows over other vegetation, completely covering it, and kills other plants by preventing photosynthesis Oriental bittersweet infests forest edges, woodlands

12. Water Hyacinth When not controlled, water hyacinth will cover lakes and ponds entirely. It dramatically impacts water flow, blocks sunlight from reaching native aquatic plants, and starves the water of oxygen The plant is also a home for mosquito's and vectors of diseases and a species of snail which have snail fever. Water Hyacinths have been widely introduced throughout North America, Asia, Australia, and Africa. One of the fastest growing plants known, water hyacinth reproduces primarily by way of runners or stolons, eventually forming daughter plants The common water hyacinth is a vigorous grower known to double its population in two weeks.

13. Black Locust The black locust's natural range extends from Pennsylvania southwestward to Alabama and westward to southern Illinois The tree often suffers extensive damage from the locust borer insect Wood is resistant to rot and used to make railroad ties and fence posts. every part of the tree is considered toxic. It can tolerate pollution well. Many animals use this tree for cover, and cavities in Black Locust are good homes for bird and other animals, especially woodpeckers.

14. Purple Loosestrife The plants grow vigorously and spread very fast when removed from their natural controlling agents. The sale of purple loosestrife is illegal in many areas. Its detrimental effects are simply too costly to risk. A single plant may produce up to three million tiny seeds annually. Four species of beetle use purple loosestrife as their natural food source and they can do significant damage to the plant. The seeds probably first arrived in the plant's non-native areas in muddy ballast water emptied from ships The flowers are quite showy and bright, and monotypic fields of purple loosestrife are deceptively attractive.

15. Norway Maple The wood of the Norway Maple is used for furniture, flooring and musical instruments. Norway Maple itself is threatened in a few areas by the Asian long-horned beetle, which eats through the trunk of trees, often killing them. Norway maple is a wide ranging species in Europe and Western Asia that has been planted in many parts of North America. Norway maple and its cultural varieties are widely over planted, which is a serious problem in itself. Roots may damage paving and sewer lines. Young trees frequently suffer sun-scald injury and frost cracking. Norway maple transplants readily, tolerates a wide range of soils, pH, heat, drought and pollutants. It's famous for being urban tough.

16. Goldfish Goldfish are quite intelligent and will recognize the person who feeds them. They will show they know you by swimming rapidly back and forth when you are neat the tank or splashing. This fish is edible, but not eaten by most people. People place these goldfish in ponds to prevent mosquito population, especially with the West Nile virus. These fish originally came from China and then came to the United States in the 18 th and 19 th centuries. There are sixteen types of goldfish in the world. Goldfish eat uncontrollably, that’s why you have to maintain their diet for them. If they eat too much their intestines will get overfilled with food and tear open.

17. Sea Lamprey A Sea Lamprey is a jawless, primitive, eel – like fish. Sea Lampreys are parasitic. This means they attach, live and feed off of other fish in order to survive. It lives off of fish by attaching the live fish to its vacuum like mouth and uses its sharp row of teeth and rasping tongue to live off of the fish. Even when the sea lamprey is knocked off or leaves its host fish, the fish often dies from the damaging wound left behind. The Sea Lamprey lives primarily in the Great Lakes. They live on average 18 to 20 mths. They grow up to 24 inches. They can kill 40 or more pounds of fish causing a major decrease in lake trout and chub in the Great Lakes.

18. Zebra Mussel The Zebra Mussel gets its name from its shell, which is about an inch in length. Their shells have noticeable dark bands and a some what triangular shape. They can live four to five years. They begin as very tiny larvae that are barely visible. By two years of age, they are about an inch long and can begin to reproduce. A single female mussel can reproduce one million babies. They also hurt native mussels. They stick to mussels’ backs and stay there for a long time. This restricts the mussels’ movement and ability to do things like eat and escape from predators. These mussels will encrust things such as the crayfish and leave this crustacean struggling for its life. Zebra mussels are edible, but are only eaten out of clean water. They are fairly small and would require a lot for edible purposes.

19. Rainbow Trout The average length of a rainbow trout is about 12 to 18 in. They prefer cool clear water with gravel or rocky bottoms, deep pools, and natural cover. Their ideal temperatures is between 55 and 60 F. They can live up to 12 yrs. The female can deposit at least 800 to 1000 eggs per redd. They weigh up to 42 lbs.

20. Tree Of Heaven Native Range in China Also known as ailanthus, Chinese sumac, and stinking shumac. Mature trees can reach 80 feet or more in height. Its large compound leaves, 1-4 feet in length, are composed of 11-25 smaller leaflets and alternate along the stems. Grows rapidly, and can overrun native vegetation produces toxins that prevent the establishment of other plant species

21. Autumn Olive Can grow up to 20 feet. Is a threat to open and semi open areas. Located in New England, Invades natural areas. The nitrogen-fixing capabilities of these species can interfere with the nitrogen cycle of native communities that may depend on infertile soils Produces fruit that is consumed by birds. Autumn olive re sprouts vigorously after fire or cutting. Over time, colonies of these shrubs can grow thick enough to crowd out native plants.

22. Mute Swan can be found in freshwater ponds, slow rivers, coastal bays, and inland lakes. Their wingspan is 7-8 feet. Over 95% of the diet is aquatic vegetation. Occasionally, mute swans will also feed on insects and other invertebrates. Weighs on average 25 Pounds. The mute swan is a large, all- white swan recognized by its orange bill which is black at its base. There is also a prominent black knob at the base of its bill. Most mute swans breed at age three and remain with the same mate for life.

23. Multiflora Rose Native to Japan, Korea and eastern China Thorny shrub with arching sterns, and leaves divide into five to eleven sharply toothed leaflets. Invades open woodlands, forest edges and fields. Spreads by producing fruits that are filled with seeds. Then birds eat the seeds, the seeds go through their digestive system. Mechanical and Chemical methods are the most current ways of maintaining the plant. Small red fruits grow in the summer and remain until the winter.

24. Tree Of Heaven Native Range in China Also known as ailanthus, Chinese sumac, and stinking shumac. Mature trees can reach 80 feet or more in height. Its large compound leaves, 1-4 feet in length, are composed of 11-25 smaller leaflets and alternate along the stems. Grows rapidly, and can overrun native vegetation produces toxins that prevent the establishment of other plant species

25. Green Crab Adults are about 3” in length, but can grow to 4” in length. Are a small shore crab. feeds voraciously on shellfish. The European green crab is native to the Atlantic coast of Europe and northern Africa, from Norway and the British Isles south to Mauritania. Mating takes place after the females molt from April to November, but mainly from June to October.