1. PART ONE : HYDROSPHERE [Section 6] Topics CoveredSlide Numbers 6 Hydrosphere [2-4] 6.1Tides [5] 6.2 Ocean currents[6] 6.3Shipping canals[7-8] 6.4Major rivers of the world[9-11] Published by Pearson Education India Authored by Edgar Thorpe & Showick Thorpe

2. Question 1: It is estimated that 70.8% of earth’s atmosphere is covered by water, then name the largest part of hydrosphere? Answer: Pacific Ocean. Extra Fact Punch Pacific ocean occupies an area of about 35.25% of the earth’s surface, which is more than the total combined area of all the continents.

3. Question 2: The unit for measuring depth is________. Answer: Fathom. Extra Fact Punch A unit of length which is equal to about 4 feet.

4. Question 3: We are aware of the fact that ocean water is salty. Which salts account for the salinity of ocean water ? Answer: Chlorine, sodium, magnesium, sulphur, calcium, potassium, bromine, strontium and boron and traces of some minor salts. Extra Fact Punch The ocean water contains about 3.5 % of dissolved salts.

5. Question 4: _________tides occur at new moon day and full moon day. Answer: Spring. Extra Fact Punch Spring tides occur on new moon day and full moon day because on these days Sun, Moon and the earth are in line.

6. Question 5: Ocean current are of two types (a) warm and (b) cold currents. The ocean currents of the North Indian Ocean flow under the influence of the monsoons. The most vital current in this region is the ________. Answer: Agulhas current. Extra Fact Punch The currents in the South Indian Ocean follows the pattern of the Atlantic and Pacific currents.

7. Question 6: Which canal links the Atlantic and the Pacific Ocean with Colon and Panama ports? Answer: Panama Canal opened in 1914. Extra Fact Punch It is about 58 km long, 500 ft wide and 45 ft deep.

8. Question 7: Who engineered the Suez canal, which connects the Mediterranean sea and the Red sea? Answer: French engineer Ferdinand de Lesseps in 1869. Extra Fact Punch The Suez canal has shortened the distance between the Southampton and Mumbai by 6,500 kkm..

9. Question 8: ______ is the largest river of the world. Answer: The Amazon. Extra Fact Punch The Amazon in South Americas flows into the south Atlantic ocean. The Amzaon river is 222km shorter in length than the Nile..

10. Question 9: If largest river is Amazon then name the longest river? Answer: Nile. Extra Fact Punch The Nile is in Egypt, flowing from the Mediterranean sea, it is 6,670 from the sea shore..

11. Question 10: Name is the largest river in India. Answer: Brahmaputra. Extra Fact Punch Brahmaputra is 2,900 km. it flows from Tibet and outflows to the Bay of Bengal..