1. Hume Manor’s Cloister Garden 205 Carlton Rd Hershey, PA 17033-2104 JaymeHume@aol.com

2. The Site for the Garden

3. Removing the old tree, part I

4. Removing the old tree, part II

5. Turf Bench, year 1

6. Turf Bench, year 2

7. Geometric Layout

9. Part of the Cross

10. Corner

11. Prunus Cerasus (Cherry Tree) Referred to by; Hildegard (1150) Crescentiis (1305)

12. Cydonia Oblonga (Quince Tree) Referred to by; Palladius (380) Charlemagne (800) St Gall (820) Hildegard (1150) Neckam (1200) Garlande (1225) Albertus (1260) Crescentiis (1305)

13. Prunus Persica (Peach Tree) Referred to by; Palladius (380) Charlemagne (800) St Gall (820) Walafrid (840) Aelfric (995) Hildegard (1150) Neckam (1200) Garlande (1225) Albertus (1260) Crescentiis (1305)

14. Malus Domestica (Apple Tree) Referred to by; Palladius (380) Charlemagne (800) St Gall (820) Walafrid (840) Aelfric (995) Hildegard (1150) Neckam (1200) Garlande (1225) Bartholomew (1240) Albertus (1260) Crescentiis (1305)

15. Viola Odorata (Sweet Violets) Referred to by; Homer Virgil Palladius (380) Walafrid (840) Aelfric (995) Macer (1050) Hildegard (1150) Neckam (1200) Garlande (1225) Bartholomew (1240) Albertus (1260) Harleian 978 (1265) Crescentiis (1305)

16. Vinca Minor (Periwinkle) Referred to by; Aelfric (995) Hildegard (1150) Albertus (1260)

17. Primula Vulgaris (Primrose) Referred to by; Hildegard (1150)

18. Dianthus Gratianopolitanus (Pink) Referred to by;

19. Veronica Chamaedrys L (Speedwell) Referred to by;

20. Anthemis Nobilis (Roman Chamomile) Referred to by; Aelfric (995) Macer (1050) Neckam (1200) Albertus (1260) Harleian 978 (1265) Crescentiis (1305)

21. Thymus Vulgaris (Common Thyme) Referred to by; Palladius (380) Hildegard (1150) Neckam (1200) Bartholomew (1240) Albertus (1260) Crescentiis (1305)

22. Thymus Serpyllum (Creeping Thyme) Referred to by; Aelfric (995) Macer (1050) Neckam (1200) Harleian 978 (1265) Crescentiis (1305)

23. Quatre Saison, aka. Autumn Damask (Ancient) Referred to by; Homer Virgil Palladius (380) Charlemagne (800) St Gall (820) Walafrid (840) Aelfric (995) Macer (1050) Hildegard (1150) Neckam (1200) Garlande (1225) Bartholomew (1240) Albertus (1260) Harleian 978 (1265) Crescentiis (1305)

24. Rosa Mundi (1581) Referred to by; Homer Virgil Palladius (380) Charlemagne (800) St Gall (820) Walafrid (840) Aelfric (995) Macer (1050) Hildegard (1150) Neckam (1200) Garlande (1225) Bartholomew (1240) Albertus (1260) Harleian 978 (1265) Crescentiis (1305)

25. Rosa centifolia major (Cabbage Rose) (1596) Referred to by; Homer Virgil Palladius (380) Charlemagne (800) St Gall (820) Walafrid (840) Aelfric (995) Macer (1050) Hildegard (1150) Neckam (1200) Garlande (1225) Bartholomew (1240) Albertus (1260) Harleian 978 (1265) Crescentiis (1305)

26. Rosa Gallica, aka. Apothecary’s Rose, Red Rose of Lancaster (1581) Referred to by; Homer Virgil Palladius (380) Charlemagne (800) St Gall (820) Walafrid (840) Aelfric (995) Macer (1050) Hildegard (1150) Neckam (1200) Garlande (1225) Bartholomew (1240) Albertus (1260) Harleian 978 (1265) Crescentiis (1305)

27. Rosa Dupontii (1821) Referred to by; Homer Virgil Palladius (380) Charlemagne (800) St Gall (820) Walafrid (840) Aelfric (995) Macer (1050) Hildegard (1150) Neckam (1200) Garlande (1225) Bartholomew (1240) Albertus (1260) Harleian 978 (1265) Crescentiis (1305)

28. Garden Eglantine (Old) Referred to by; Homer Virgil Palladius (380) Charlemagne (800) St Gall (820) Walafrid (840) Aelfric (995) Macer (1050) Hildegard (1150) Neckam (1200) Garlande (1225) Bartholomew (1240) Albertus (1260) Harleian 978 (1265) Crescentiis (1305)

29. Tuscany Rose (1820, but if Gerard’s, much older) Referred to by; Homer Virgil Palladius (380) Charlemagne (800) St Gall (820) Walafrid (840) Aelfric (995) Macer (1050) Hildegard (1150) Neckam (1200) Garlande (1225) Bartholomew (1240) Albertus (1260) Harleian 978 (1265) Crescentiis (1305)

30. Period Sources for Gardens I Rutilius Palladius – 380 – On Husbondrie Charlemagne – 800 - Capitulare de VillisCapitulare de Villis http://www.toildepices.com/index.php?url=/fr/doc/eur__1_07/charlemagne/devillis.html St Gall’s Cloister plans – 820 - Walahfrid Strabo – 840 - Hortulus Aelfric, Abbot of Eynsham – 995 - Colloquy Nominum Herbarum Aemilius Macer – 1050 - Floridus de Viribus Herbarum

31. Period Sources for Gardens II Hildegard de Bingen – 1150 - Physica Alexander Neckam – 1200 – De naturis rerum Jean de Garlande – 1225 - Dictionarius Angelicus Barthlomaeus – 1240 - De Proprietatibus Rerum Albertus Magnus – 1260 - De Vegetabilibus libri septem Harleian 978 – 1265 - Petrus de Crescentiis – 1305 – Ruralium commodorum Liber

32. Secondary Sources for Gardens Harvey, John Hooper. Medieval Gardens. Portland OR, Timber Press, London, 1981. Calkins, Robert G. "Piero de' Crescenzi and the Medieval Garden" in Medieval Gardens: Dumbarton Oaks Colloquium on the History of Landscape Architecture (9th), ed. MacDougall, Elizabeth B. Washington D. C. 1986. 1986. 155-173 Stokstad, Marilyn, 1929- and Jerry Stannard Gardens of the Middle Ages. Lawrence KS: University of Kansas Printing Service, 1983. Crisp, Frank, Mediaeval Gardens. "Flowery Medes" and Other Arrangements of Herbs, Flowers and Shrubs Grown in the Middle Ages, with Some Account of Tudor, Elizabethan and Stuart Gardens, ed. Catherine Childs Paterson, two volumes, London, 1924. Reprint New York, NY: Hacker Art Books 1966.

33. Some other pictures

34. More pictures