1. PUMPING SYSTEMS BASICS

2. Effluent and De-watering (Sump pump)
Waste Water Pump Types
Effluent and De-watering (Sump pump)
Sewage Pump (2” solids)
Non-Clog (2 ½” solids)
Grinder Pump

3. AUTOMATIC PUMPS NON-AUTOMATIC PUMPS Mechanical Switch
Tethered Ball Float Switch
Diaphragm Switch
NON-AUTOMATIC PUMPS

4. Wide Angle Switches
PIGGY BACK FLOAT SWITCH
DOUBLE PIGGY BACK SWITCH

5. Control Switch

6. SIMPLEX SYSTEM
Simplex Control Panel

7. DUPLEX SYSTEM
Duplex Control Panel

8. BASINS
Polyethylene Basin
Fiberglass Basin

9. THREE BASIC QUESTIONS FOR SIZING:
PUMP SIZING
THREE BASIC QUESTIONS FOR SIZING:
1. HOW MUCH ( Demand)
2. HOW HIGH ( Static Head)
3. HOW FAR ( Friction Head)

10. Calculating System Demand
( HOW MUCH)
POPULATION METHOD:
Formula: ((NP x 100 gal/day/person x 4 )/24hrs/day )/60 min/hr. = GPM
NP = population served Number 4 is the peak flow factor
Examples: 80 people in a sub-division.
((80 x 100 x 4)/24)/60 = 23 GPM.

11. Calculating System Demand
FIXTURE COUNT METHOD:
Each fixture in a building is given a “ unit weight”.
The total “unit weight” of all the fixture in the
building is referenced on a conversion graph and a gallons per minute flow is determined.

12. Static Head ( How High) Discharge Point Discharge Line
Static Head = Elevation Change
Static Head
Pump

13. Friction Head ( HOW FAR) Discharge Point Discharge Line
Friction head is determined by adding the total length
of the discharge line (including fittings) then referencing a friction loss chart . Using the system demand flow and the size of the discharge pipe, the total head loss can be found.
Pump
TOTAL DYNAMIC HEAD = Static Head + Friction Head

14. Discharge Pipe Selection
MINIMUM FLOW VELOCITY: In order to keep solids flowing in a horizontal pipe, a velocity of 2 ft. / sec. must be maintained.
2 ft./sec flow
Pipe
Suspended Solids
Flow rates required to maintain 2 ft./sec:
2” pipe = 21 gpm 3” pipe = 46 gpm 4” pipe = 80 gpm

15. Discharge Volume Exchange
To Find volume in Discharge line: Length of discharge ( ft.) X gal/ft. = Gal in Line
Sewer Main
Discharge Line
Liquid Volume in Pipe: 2” = .17 gal/ft.
3” = .36 gal/ft.
4” = .65 gal/ft.
Pump

16. Pump and System Curves
Combined Pump and System
Curves
System Curve

17. Basin Sizing & Selection
1. Physical Dimensions : Will it Fit ?

18. Discharge Volume Exchange
Liquid Volume in Pipe: 2” = .17 gal/ft.
3” = .36 gal/ft.
4” = .65 gal/ft.
To Find volume in Discharge line:
Length of discharge ( ft.) X gal/ft. = Gal in Line
Basin
Sewer Main
Discharge Line
Pump on
Draw down
Pump off
Pump
There should be enough draw-down to change the
volume in the discharge line every cycle.

19. Discharge Volume Exchange
Liquid Volume in Pipe: 2” = .17 gal/ft.
3” = .36 gal/ft.
4” = .65 gal/ft.
To Find volume in Discharge line:
Length of discharge ( ft.) X gal/ft. = Gal in Line
Basin
Sewer Main
Discharge Line
Pump on
Draw down
Pump off
Pump
There should be enough draw-down to change the
volume in the discharge line every cycle.

20. Basin Sizing Calculations
EXAMPLE: Commercial building with 50 gpm flow rate. Pump selected has a flow rate of 60 gpm. The pump height is 18” and the invert is 8”. The discharge line is 3” in diameter and 150 ft long.
Step 1. Invert Distance - 8”
Step 2. Pump Height ”
Step 3. Draw down ( largest of the following )
a. Max starts – (( 50 gpm x 60 min )/ 6) x .4 = 200 gal/cycle
200 gal / 4.4 gal per inch = 45”
b. Volume in discharge gal / ft x 150ft = 54 gal
54 gal / 4.4 gal per inch = 12”
c. Pump run time : (60 gpm x 1 Min) / 4.4 gal per inch= 14
The total of all three critical dimensions is 71” The closest basin depth is 72”. Thus the suggested basin is 36 x 72. If this depth is too great for the application, then a wider basin can be used. This would result in a shallower basin.

21. Calculating Depth 36” diameter basin: Floor level 8” Invert Inlet pipe
45”
(Draw down)
Pump
Note: This would result in a complete change of volume and a run time of 3.5min
18”

22. Residential Reality
The preceding examples work well for commercial applications and for those residential applications serving the whole house. The reality is that most residential sewage applications serve just one, seldom used bathroom. In these applications the usage is so small that the pump protecting guidelines do not have the same importance. In these applications, a 2” solids pump and an 18 x 30 poly basin work very well.

23. VENTS AND AIR ADMITTANCE VALVES
Related Topics
VENTS AND AIR ADMITTANCE VALVES
Vent to atmosphere
Potential confined air
Liquid Inflow
Studor AAV
Water level
Incoming liquid displaces air, which is released through the vent. AAV’s prevent this release, causing the system to “air lock”.

24. Questions For Additional Information: Chris Beiswenger
(317)