1. Psychological Health & Wellness University Counseling Services Joe Hamilton, M.A., L.P.C. Assistant Director 785-4014hamilton@truman.edu

2. Definitions Psychological Health - A general term for a state of emotional and psychological well-being that allows you to function in society and meet the demands of everyday life. (Mayo Clinic) Psychological Health - A general term for a state of emotional and psychological well-being that allows you to function in society and meet the demands of everyday life. (Mayo Clinic) Emotional wellness is demonstrated by the overall comfort with and acceptance of one's full range of feelings. Positive emotions such as happiness, amusement, excitement, contentment and love contribute to our overall sense of well-being. It is striving to meet emotional needs constructively. It is maintaining good mental health, a positive attitude, high self-esteem, and a strong self-image. (globalserve.net) Emotional wellness is demonstrated by the overall comfort with and acceptance of one's full range of feelings. Positive emotions such as happiness, amusement, excitement, contentment and love contribute to our overall sense of well-being. It is striving to meet emotional needs constructively. It is maintaining good mental health, a positive attitude, high self-esteem, and a strong self-image. (globalserve.net)

4. Psychological Health Abraham Maslow Self-Actualized Realism Realism Acceptance Acceptance Autonomy Autonomy Intimacy Intimacy Creativity Creativity

5. Other Attributes to Achieve Psychological Health Maintaining Balance Maintaining Balance Strong Support System Strong Support System Manage Stress Manage Stress Being Resilient / Letting Go Being Resilient / Letting Go Having a Purpose Having a Purpose Optimism Optimism Confidence Confidence

6. Other Attributes to Achieve Psychological Health Continued Authentic Happiness Authentic Happiness Being at Peace with Oneself Being at Peace with Oneself Ability to Achieve Relaxation Ability to Achieve Relaxation Have appropriately High Self-Esteem Have appropriately High Self-Esteem Problem Solving Skills Problem Solving Skills Good Communication Skills Good Communication Skills

7. Common Psychological Concerns National statistics indicate that up to 32 – 50% of Americans will have a diagnosable mental illness during their lifetime National statistics indicate that up to 32 – 50% of Americans will have a diagnosable mental illness during their lifetime Anxiety Disorders (14.4 – 17.2% a year) Anxiety Disorders (14.4 – 17.2% a year) Substance abuse (8.8 – 11.3% a year) Substance abuse (8.8 – 11.3% a year) Mood Disorders (4.3 – 11.3% a year) Mood Disorders (4.3 – 11.3% a year)

8. Major Depressive Disorder Symptoms S ad, empty or anxious mood* I nterest/pleasure in activities diminished* G uilt feelings or feeling worthless E nergy level low or feeling tired and fatigued S leep difficulties such as insomnia or oversleeping C oncentration difficulties, trouble making a decision A ppetite increase or decrease P sychomotor agitation or retardation S uicidal ideation or thoughts of death Up to 21% of women and 13% of men are diagnosed with Major Depression episode in their lifetime.

9. The Brain, Stress and Depression Chemical Imbalance Chemical Imbalance The release of stress hormones triggers fight or flight response and researchers believe a malfunction in this system often underlie depression. http://www.sfn.org/index.cfm?pagename=brainBriefings _depressionAndStressHormones The release of stress hormones triggers fight or flight response and researchers believe a malfunction in this system often underlie depression. http://www.sfn.org/index.cfm?pagename=brainBriefings _depressionAndStressHormones

10. Suicide Rates Missouri Missouri 704 completed suicides annually 704 completed suicides annually 6,906 hospitalized attempts per year 6,906 hospitalized attempts per year Average of 19 serious attempts per day Average of 19 serious attempts per day Higher state suicide rate than national average Higher state suicide rate than national average MO 13.4 vs. USA 11.4 MO 13.4 vs. USA 11.4 In 2003, suicide was the second leading cause of death of those age 15-24 & 25-34 In 2003, suicide was the second leading cause of death of those age 15-24 & 25-34 Colleges students Colleges students Suicide rate for college-attending young adults has been approximately 7.5 per 100,000 students per year. Suicide rate for college-attending young adults has been approximately 7.5 per 100,000 students per year. Suicide rate for college students is approximately one half the rate of their non-attending peers. Suicide rate for college students is approximately one half the rate of their non-attending peers.

11. What can I do about Suicide? For Health Issues we do CPR. For Health Issues we do CPR. For Suicide Issues we do QPR For Suicide Issues we do QPR Question the person about suicide Question the person about suicide Do they have thoughts? A plan? Don’t be scared to ask! Do they have thoughts? A plan? Don’t be scared to ask! Persuade the person to get help. Persuade the person to get help. Listen carefully. Then say “Come with me to find help.” Listen carefully. Then say “Come with me to find help.” Refer for Help Refer for Help University Counseling Services 785-4014 University Counseling Services 785-4014 1-800-SUICIDE 1-800-SUICIDE

12. Common Psychological Problems Bipolar Disorder Bipolar Disorder A clinical course where people rotate between depressive and manic states A clinical course where people rotate between depressive and manic states Manic state: Manic state: Inflated self-esteem Inflated self-esteem Decreased need for sleep Decreased need for sleep More talkative than usual More talkative than usual Racing thoughts Racing thoughts Very distractible Very distractible Increase in goal-directed activity Increase in goal-directed activity Excessive involvement in pleasurable activities Excessive involvement in pleasurable activities

13. Common Psychological Problems Anxiety Disorders Anxiety Disorders Typical symptoms include: Typical symptoms include: Physical symptoms (increased heart rate, sweating, shortness of breath, chest pain, chills or hot flashes, dizziness, trembling, muscle tension, etc.) Physical symptoms (increased heart rate, sweating, shortness of breath, chest pain, chills or hot flashes, dizziness, trembling, muscle tension, etc.) Thoughts/Fears of dying or going crazy Thoughts/Fears of dying or going crazy Difficulty concentrating/Mind going blank Difficulty concentrating/Mind going blank Irritability Irritability Sleep disturbance Sleep disturbance

14. Common Psychological Problems Types of Anxiety Disorders Types of Anxiety Disorders Phobias Phobias Up to 15% of women and 11% of men are diagnosed with Social Phobia during lifetime Up to 15% of women and 11% of men are diagnosed with Social Phobia during lifetime Panic Disorder Panic Disorder Generalize Anxiety Disorder Generalize Anxiety Disorder Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)

15. Other Psychological Disorders Schizophrenia Schizophrenia Substance Abuse Disorders Substance Abuse Disorders Learning Disorders Learning Disorders Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Eating Disorders (Anorexia and Bulimia) Eating Disorders (Anorexia and Bulimia) Intermittent Explosive Disorder (7.3% lifetime) Intermittent Explosive Disorder (7.3% lifetime) three episodes of impulsive aggressiveness “grossly out of proportion to any precipitating psychosocial stressor,” at any time in their life (National Institute of Health) three episodes of impulsive aggressiveness “grossly out of proportion to any precipitating psychosocial stressor,” at any time in their life (National Institute of Health)

16. 2006 National College Health Assessment Within the last school year, Truman students reported experiencing (based on 552 responses): Depression19.7% Depression19.7% Anxiety Disorder13.8% Anxiety Disorder13.8% Seasonal Affective Disorder12.5% Seasonal Affective Disorder12.5% Bulimia2.9% Bulimia2.9% Substance Abuse Problem2.4% Substance Abuse Problem2.4% Anorexia 1.8% Anorexia 1.8%

17. 2006 NCHA Findings Truman students reported that the following affected their academics: Truman students reported that the following affected their academics: Stress39.6% Stress39.6% Sleep Difficulties27.1% Sleep Difficulties27.1% Concern for friend/family20.4% Concern for friend/family20.4% Depression/Anxiety18.8% Depression/Anxiety18.8% Internet/Gaming15.1% Internet/Gaming15.1% Relationship Difficulty14.6% Relationship Difficulty14.6%

18. Truman students reported that the following affected their academics: Truman students reported that the following affected their academics: Death of friend/family8.0% Death of friend/family8.0% Attention Deficit Disorder6.4% Attention Deficit Disorder6.4% Alcohol Use5.8% Alcohol Use5.8% Eating Disorder/Problem2.4% Eating Disorder/Problem2.4% Sexual Assault1.5% Sexual Assault1.5% Drug Use1.3% Drug Use1.3% 2006 NCHA Findings continued

19. 2006 NCHA Findings Truman students reported the following during the last school year: Truman students reported the following during the last school year: Feeling Overwhelmed Feeling Overwhelmed Never (2.4%) Never (2.4%) 1-10 Times (66.7%) 1-10 Times (66.7%) 11+ Times (31%) 11+ Times (31%) Feeling Very Sad Feeling Very Sad Never (17%) Never (17%) 1-10 Times (69.8%) 1-10 Times (69.8%) 11+ Times (13.2%) 11+ Times (13.2%)

20. 2006 NCHA Findings Truman students reported the following during the last school year: Truman students reported the following during the last school year: Feeling Things Were Hopeless Feeling Things Were Hopeless Never (32.7%) Never (32.7%) 1-10 Times (58.9%) 1-10 Times (58.9%) 11+ Times (8.4%) 11+ Times (8.4%) Feeling So Depressed it was Difficult to Function Feeling So Depressed it was Difficult to Function Never (55.1%) Never (55.1%) 1-10 Times (38.3%) 1-10 Times (38.3%) 11+ Times (6.6%) 11+ Times (6.6%)

21. 2006 NCHA Findings Truman students reported the following during the last school year: Truman students reported the following during the last school year: Seriously Considering Attempting Suicide Seriously Considering Attempting Suicide Never (90.7%) Never (90.7%) 1-10 Times (8.2%) 1-10 Times (8.2%) 11+ Times (1.1%) 11+ Times (1.1%) Attempting Suicide Attempting Suicide Never (98.5%) Never (98.5%) At Least Once (1.5%) At Least Once (1.5%)

22. 2006 NCHA Findings Truman students that reported being diagnosed with depression: Truman students that reported being diagnosed with depression: Males 12.6%, Females 16.2% Males 12.6%, Females 16.2% Of those who reported a diagnosis of depression: Of those who reported a diagnosis of depression: Currently in Therapy Currently in Therapy Males 17.6%, Females 22.4% Males 17.6%, Females 22.4% Currently Taking Medication: Currently Taking Medication: Males 23.5%, Females 44.8% Males 23.5%, Females 44.8%

23. What Causes Psychological Problems? There appears to be many factors. These include: There appears to be many factors. These include: Genetic components Genetic components Environmental components Environmental components Individual characteristics Individual characteristics

24. So what can I do to be psychologically healthy? Do the things we talked about at the beginning of our talk today: Do the things we talked about at the beginning of our talk today: Self-ActualizedRealism AcceptanceAutonomy IntimacyCreativity Maintaining BalanceStrong Support System Manage StressBeing Resilient / Letting Go Having a PurposeOptimism ConfidenceAuthentic Happiness Being at Peace with OneselfAbility to Achieve Relaxation High Self-EsteemProblem Solving Skills Good Communication Skills

25. Some other things to help be psychologically healthy? Exercise Exercise Laugh more Laugh more Put things in perspective Put things in perspective Get appropriate rest/sleep Get appropriate rest/sleep Practice stress management techniques Practice stress management techniques Deep Breathing Deep Breathing Meditation Meditation Imagery Imagery Seek professional assistance Seek professional assistance

26. University Counseling Services Free and confidential counseling to Truman students Free and confidential counseling to Truman students 6 Full-time professional therapists 6 Full-time professional therapists Offer individual, relationship and group counseling Offer individual, relationship and group counseling Open 8-5 M-F Open 8-5 M-F Plus on call 7 days a week, 24 hours a day (during academic year) 665-5621 Plus on call 7 days a week, 24 hours a day (during academic year) 665-5621 Willing to do presentations to any group over a wide variety of topics Willing to do presentations to any group over a wide variety of topics Referral assistance Referral assistance

27. University Counseling Services (660) 785-4014 202 Patterson (located west of Grim Hall) http://ucs.truman.eduucs@truman.edu THANK YOU!! ANY QUESTIONS?