1. CSC 202 I NTRO. T O C OMPUTER ANIMATION History of Animation By Uzoma James Chikwem

2. D EFINITION Computer: an electronic device designed to accept data, performs high-speed mathematical or logical operations, processes information and displays these operations on the screen. Animation: The state of being full of life or vigor, liveliness or portraying the illusion of motion.

3. ANIMATED OR NOT? Were cave paintings the first animated images ?

4. ANIMATED OR NOT? Were burial chamber mural designs the first animated images ? 4000 years old

5. ANIMATED OR NOT? Iranian Vase motion designs is considered as one of the first forms of animation ever 5200 years old

6. ANIMATION ON E ARLY D EVICES Predecessor of the modern day projector! Images would display motion as slides, or plates, moved back and forth. A disk, or card, with a painting on each side Attached to two pieces of string. Twirled quickly between the fingers the two pictures appear to combine into a single image. Magic Lantern (1650)Thaumatrope (1824)

7. ANIMATION ON E ARLY D EVICES Also known as Magic disc. Consists of a disk containing a sequence of images, around the circumference, set like a ring. When spun rapidly created the illusion of motion, or animation. Meaning the “Wheel of Life”. An adaptation of the Phenakistoscope. Cylindrical spinning device with several frames of animation printed along the interior circumference. Phenakistoscope(1831)Zoetrope(1834)

8. ANIMATION ON E ARLY D EVICES Flip book is a collection of animated images intended to give the illusion of movement, or animation. By bending the pages back and then rapidly releasing the pages one at a time so that our perception of vision is fooled into creating motion or animated short clip. Flip Book(1868)

9. D EVICE THAT LEAD TO THE A GE OF A NIMATION the successor to the zoetrope. used a strip of pictures placed around the inner surface of a spinning cylinder. improved on the zoetrope by replacing its narrow viewing slits with an inner circle of mirrors. In 1889, an improved version capable of projecting images on a screen from a longer roll of pictures. This allowed him to show hand-drawn animated cartoons to larger audiences. Praxinoscope (1877)

10. A NIMATION T ECHNIQUES STILL USED TODAY Manipulate a character or object to appear to move on it’s own. Moved in small increments between frames. Creates illusion of movement when played in sequence. Often called clay animation or claymation. Used in popular movies like ? Stop-Motion

11. A NIMATION T ECHNIQUES STILL USED TODAY Also known as cel-animation an important innovation to traditional animation allows some parts of each frame to be repeated from frame to frame, thus saving labor. a sheet of transparent cellulose acetate used as a medium for painting animation frames. can be laid over other cels and/or a painted background, then photographed. Cel-technique

12. T IMELINE BEFORE VIDEO OR FILM ANIMATION Vase Design 3000 B.C. Burial Mural 1800 B.C. Blueprints 1510 Magic Lantern 1650 Phenakistoscope 1831 Flip book 1868 Thaumatrope 1824 Zoetrope 1834 Praxinoscope 1877

13. T IMELINE FOR FRAME OR STOP - MOTION ANIMATION Kinetoscope 1888 Cinematography 1892 Cel-Technique 1912 Praxinoscope 1876 Praxinoscope II 1888 Stop-Motion 1897