1. Week 4: Journalism 2001 February 12, 2007

2. Its, it’s or its’. Which is correct? 1. Its 2. It’s 3. Its’

3. Review of last week’s news Hard News: Hard News: (murders, city council, government, etc.) –Major local stories –Major national/international stories –Major sports stories Soft News: Soft News: (retirements, school programs, human interest) –Local stories –National/international stories –Sports stories

4. Review 2/5 summary lead assignment Overall continued progress! Overall continued progress! Best to use one-sentence summary lead Best to use one-sentence summary lead Style errors: Style errors: –Datelines –State abbreviations –Addresses Grammar Grammar –Spelling –Run-on sentences –In-complete sentences –Agreement –That/which

5. SKOKIE, Ill. – A house on Lawler Avenue caught fire around 7 p.m. Friday after homeowners left home with a cigarette still smoldering in the bedroom. SKOKIE (Ill.) – A half lit cigarette sparked a fire in a house at 7:00 p.m. last night causing no injuries but $50,000 worth of damage to the house itself. Friday night a home on Lawler Avenue went up in flames because a cigarette was left burning on a pillow. Investigators believe a smoldering cigarette apparently left on a mattress and pillow caused the fire on Lawler Avenue in Skokie just after 7 p.m. Friday night. A smoldering cigarette left in a home on Lawler Avenue Friday night caused a house fire and $50,000 in damage. No one was home Friday night when a neighbor of a house reported a fire that was caused by the remains of a cigarette burning on a pillow.

6. A severe winter storm on the coast of Northern California caused hundreds of fender-benders and left the area with icy roads and frigid temperatures. On Thursday morning northern California was hit with another winter storm that brought snow, hail, torrential rains, and standing water on roadways. SAN FRANCISCO – Relentless snowfall continued in Northern California Thursday morning, bringing with it colliding cars and a threat of natural disaster. Although there is a promise of dry and sunny weather Friday, the latest winter storm that hit Northern California Thursday morning has left behind icy roads and frigid temperatures, which have created numerous hazards for residents and drivers. Blankets of snow, driving hail, and heavy torrential rains pounded into Northern California’s mountain ranges again Thursday morning, adding to the mounting concerns of potential catastrophic mudslides and slippery roadways.

7. Review: Writing a summary lead Usually a single sentence Usually a single sentence No more than 35 words No more than 35 words Bottom line: Bottom line: –Use a single sentence of no more than 35 words to summarize an event

8. Review: Lucy Kragness interview Overall tough to condense all the info! Overall tough to condense all the info! –Some “untrue” facts! Use spellchecker (how to spell Kragness?), AP Stylebook Use spellchecker (how to spell Kragness?), AP Stylebook Use past tense, third person Use past tense, third person Common style errors: Common style errors: –Titles –Years –Numerals –State names –Degrees: master’s, bachelor’s –Freelance –Internet

9. Use last name on second reference Use last name on second reference Watch editorializing Watch editorializing Verify facts Verify facts Paragraph length: 2-3 sentences max Paragraph length: 2-3 sentences max Grammar Grammar –Agreement –Run-on sentences –When to use hyphens Attribution: she said strongest Attribution: she said strongest Wordiness Wordiness Don’t be afraid to use quotes! Don’t be afraid to use quotes!

10. Editing marks Let’s review editing marks in Stylebook: Let’s review editing marks in Stylebook: –page 420

11. Let’s rewrite the leads!

12. Another its, its’ or it’s? 1. It’s 2. Its’ 3. Its

13. Bottom line on it’s or its Use it’s: when mean it is, it has Use it’s: when mean it is, it has All other uses: its All other uses: its No such word as its’

14. Useful websites Grammar, writing Grammar, writing –Purdue’s OWL (Online Writing Lab) Purdue’s OWL (Online Writing Lab)Purdue’s OWL (Online Writing Lab) –Guide to Grammar and Writing, Capital Community College Foundation Guide to Grammar and Writing, Capital Community College FoundationGuide to Grammar and Writing, Capital Community College Foundation –Guide to Grammar and Style, Jack Lynch Guide to Grammar and Style, Jack LynchGuide to Grammar and Style, Jack Lynch Journalism Journalism –Beginning Reporter Resources Beginning Reporter ResourcesBeginning Reporter Resources –Power Reporting Power ReportingPower Reporting

15. Let’s look at run-on sentences Go to this link: Go to this link: –http://grammar.ccc.commnet.edu/grammar/runons.htm http://grammar.ccc.commnet.edu/grammar/runons.htm

16. What are typical reporting beats? 1. Police & fire 2. Courts 3. Education 4. Government 5. All of the above

17. Chapter 20: Local Government and Public Meetings Municipal government systems Municipal government systems –Mayor-council  Strong: Mayor forms budget, administers policy  Weak: Managerial functions divided among others –Council-manager  City manager oversees city operations; hired by council –Commission  Committee of city leaders assume executive, legislative functions

18. Typical city government beat No typical day! No typical day! City council meetings City council meetings –Check agenda –Advance story –Meeting story City budget process City budget process Administrative reports Administrative reports Other committee, task force meetings Other committee, task force meetings –Vikings proposal Vikings proposalVikings proposal

19. Duluth has a weak mayor, strong council form of government. 1. True 2. False

20. What’s in Duluth? Strong mayor-council Strong mayor-council –City of Duluth organizational chart City of Duluth organizational chartCity of Duluth organizational chart What’s in St. Louis County? Strong administrator-commission Strong administrator-commission –St. Louis County Information St. Louis County InformationSt. Louis County Information

21. How to cover a council meeting Check Agenda Check AgendaAgenda Check meeting Action Check meeting ActionAction Don’t be afraid to ask questions after the meeting Don’t be afraid to ask questions after the meeting Stay to the end: Other business can be hot news! Stay to the end: Other business can be hot news! Take lots of notes Take lots of notes

22. Local government budget process Cover the steps in the process Cover the steps in the process Develop sources of information Develop sources of information Different types of budgets Different types of budgets –Capital budgets –Operating budgets

23. Writing the budget story Bottom line – the total budget Bottom line – the total budget Last year’s budget Last year’s budget Percentage increase or decrease Percentage increase or decrease Breakdown of expenses Breakdown of expenses Reasons for increase or decrease Reasons for increase or decrease Breakdown of budget revenues Breakdown of budget revenues Details on impact of tax increases or decreases Details on impact of tax increases or decreases

24. Public Information Officers Blessing and a curse Blessing and a curse Good source of information Good source of information Develop relationship Develop relationship Establish “call-back” rules Establish “call-back” rules Remember their role Remember their role Be skeptical, but remember they’re great resources Be skeptical, but remember they’re great resources

25. Checklist for covering city government Learn the system Learn the system Get to know the personalities Get to know the personalities Develop reliable sources Develop reliable sources Be persistent Be persistent Never let friendship interfere with the job Never let friendship interfere with the job Always be prepared; ask for copies of handouts Always be prepared; ask for copies of handouts Make note of story possibilities Make note of story possibilities Read other coverage Read other coverage Write to inform, not to impress: Inverted pyramid Write to inform, not to impress: Inverted pyramid Use your brain Use your brain Ask questions! Ask questions!

26. Story Pitches for Hard News 1 and 2 Assignments: Due 2/14 Length of story pitches: no more than three paragraphs, about 200 words Length of story pitches: no more than three paragraphs, about 200 words Include the 5 Ws and H: what makes this story newsworthy Include the 5 Ws and H: what makes this story newsworthy Deadlines for complete articles: Deadlines for complete articles: –Hard News 1: February 26 –Hard News 2: March 19 Mosquito spraying story example, county commission story Mosquito spraying story example, county commission story

27. Sample Hard News Pitch The City of Duluth Commission on Disabilities meets on the first Wednesday of every month at 3:00 p.m. in Room 106A at the Duluth City Hall. These meetings should be very important to anyone who has a disability. It is at these meetings that many issues are decided upon and in order to have a voice it is important to attend and speak out. According to the agenda listed, the October 4th meeting will begin with a review of the notes and upbringings from the September 6th meeting. It will then move on to a introduction of the correspondents which include the U of M- Communiversity Personal Grants, People with Disabilities for Change minutes, and the Duluth HOPE VI Newsletter. >From there on the meeting will be discussing signage requests, and the parking meters on 2nd street between 3rd and 4th Ave. W and 3rd Ave. W between 2nd and 3rd street. As well as Accessibility issues and Committee reports. The meeting will end with any other business need mentioning.

28. Chapter 21: Police and Fire Organizational structures Organizational structures –Duluth Police Department Duluth Police DepartmentDuluth Police Department –St. Louis County Sheriff’s Department St. Louis County Sheriff’s DepartmentSt. Louis County Sheriff’s Department –Duluth Fire Department Duluth Fire DepartmentDuluth Fire Department

29. Covering police, fire beats Making the rounds: develop sources Making the rounds: develop sources –Each city, county different –Billings, Sheridan examples Departmental records Departmental records –Police log, reports –Fire reports

30. Using departmental records Accident forms, coverage of accidents Accident forms, coverage of accidents –Injured, severely injured, fatalities –Time, location –Names –Results of chemical tests –Ambulance service –Diagrams –Driver statements –Other details: road conditions, seat belts

31. Offense reports, crime coverage Limited access to forms recording crimes Limited access to forms recording crimes A rape story A rape story –Offense report –Talk to officers involved –Check if other rapes reported –Telephone hospital for victim’s condition

32. A day on the beat Assignments Assignments On-the-scene coverage On-the-scene coverage Making the rounds Making the rounds Writing the stories Writing the stories –Developing the lead: Deaths go first –Constructing the story –Attribution –Describe the scene –Using vivid details

33. Checklist for police, fire beats Develop, cultivate sources Develop, cultivate sources Learn how to handle hostile sources Learn how to handle hostile sources Know the job responsibilities of sources Know the job responsibilities of sources Don’t deceive sources Don’t deceive sources If a big story comes along, go after it If a big story comes along, go after it Know the territory Know the territory Learn the terminology Learn the terminology Double-check spellings Double-check spellings Check with hospital, morgue, to update information Check with hospital, morgue, to update information Be careful when reporting arrests Be careful when reporting arrests Don’t confuse an arrest with filing of a charge Don’t confuse an arrest with filing of a charge Know policy on using minors’ names Know policy on using minors’ names

34. Journalism Case Studies Today: Today: –Stop! This is a warning... Suppressing news at police request Go to: http://www.journalism.indiana.edu/gallery/ethics/supp_pol.html - Compiled by University of Indiana School of Journalism

35. Chapter 22: Courts Federal Judicial System Federal Judicial System Federal Judicial System Federal Judicial System –Supreme Court –U.S. Court of Appeals –U.S. District Courts –U.S. Bankruptcy Court Minnesota Judicial System Minnesota Judicial System Minnesota Judicial System Minnesota Judicial System –Supreme Court –Court of Appeals –District Courts

36. Types of court cases Criminal Cases Criminal Cases –Enforcement of criminal statutes –Brought by state or federal government against a person for committing a crime such as murder, armed robbery Civil cases Civil cases –Legal disputes between individuals, businesses, state or local governments, government agencies –Commonly include suits for damages from auto accidents, breach of contract, libel

37. Criminal Cases Basic criminal process: Basic criminal process: –Indictment/information filed: Criminal charge Criminal chargeCriminal charge –Warrant issued for arrest –Arraignment: Criminal charge is read to accused –Preliminary hearing/Grand jury: Probable cause –Second arraignment: Plea entered  Plea bargaining, jury date set –Trial by judge or jury –Jury reaches verdict

38. Civil cases Basic civil process Basic civil process –Plaintiff files a complaint –Defendant served with a summons –Defendant files pleading –Depositions taken –Appearances before judge  Settlement often reached –Trial scheduled: Either jury or judge –Verdict

39. Checklist for covering courts Learn the judicial system Learn the judicial system Learn the record-keeping system Learn the record-keeping system Provide sufficient background for the reader Provide sufficient background for the reader Double-check facts Double-check facts Use complete names, addresses or occupations Use complete names, addresses or occupations –Johnson story example

40. Review of story examples BN engines run into coal train BN engines run into coal train Woman, 49, is accused of aiming gun at deputy Woman, 49, is accused of aiming gun at deputy Charities fight for funds Charities fight for funds Pollution forces Sheridan to replace shale with sand Pollution forces Sheridan to replace shale with sand Sawmill stories Sawmill stories

41. Due 2/14: Sports Story Reporting Assignment Pitch Length of story pitch: three paragraphs, about 200 words Length of story pitch: three paragraphs, about 200 words Include the 5Ws and H: what makes this story newsworthy Include the 5Ws and H: what makes this story newsworthy UMD sports schedules UMD sports schedules –Detailed information at:  www.umdbulldogs.com

42. Sample sports story pitch The sporting event that I am going to cover is a upcoming high school prep football game between the varsity squads of Duluth Denfeld and Hibbing high school. The game is scheduled for Friday, October 13th at 5:15 PM. I am expecting a large home crowd, and some theatrics from fans considering this is the end of Duluth Denfeld's homecoming week.

43. Assignment: Due 2/19 From information provided from a Tempe Police Department activity log, write an inverted-pyramid news story based on all the information available. From information provided from a Tempe Police Department activity log, write an inverted-pyramid news story based on all the information available. Write your story in Microsoft Word, doublespaced, and email a copy of the story as an attachment to: lkragnes Write your story in Microsoft Word, doublespaced, and email a copy of the story as an attachment to: lkragnes Make sure to copy yourself on the email Make sure to copy yourself on the email

44. In-class assignment for 10/2 More editing practice! More editing practice!

45. Egradebook Doublecheck assignments correct in egradebook: Doublecheck assignments correct in egradebook: –http://www.d.umn.edu/egradebook

46. Portfolio Store academic information in your Electronic Portfolio. Each student has 100 mb of storage. Store academic information in your Electronic Portfolio. Each student has 100 mb of storage. Access Electronic Portfolio at: https://portfolio.umn.edu/portfolio/index.j sp Access Electronic Portfolio at: https://portfolio.umn.edu/portfolio/index.j sp https://portfolio.umn.edu/portfolio/index.j sp https://portfolio.umn.edu/portfolio/index.j sp