1. API Tank Standards Update
PETRO 2012
May , 2012
Alexandria, Virginia
Steve Crimaudo, Senior Associate
API Standards
The subject of this presentation is a currently active project to rewrite API Recommended Practice 575, Inspection of Atmospheric and Low-Pressure Storage Tanks
The objectives of the rewrite project are to update current information in the recommended practice, and to add new information on inspection techniques and leak tightness considerations
API documents are reviewed and updated on a five-year cycle The timing for the current update of RP 575 is particularly appropriate because inspection technology has advanced since the last edition, use of API Std 653, Tank Inspection, Repair, Alteration, and Reconstruction, continues to grow, and with that growth more questions have arisen on what should be done during a tank inspection
Revisions being developed to RP 575 are based on a broad spectrum of input However, they have yet to presented, discussed, and balloted These steps will occur later this year, with publication anticipated by the end of the year

2. API Tank Standards Update
Industry Statistics
Total petroleum products delivered to the domestic market in March 2012: 18,994,000 b/d (March 2011: 19,248,000 b/d). [Source - API]
In the month of March billion gallons of Jet fuel were consumed by U.S. passenger and cargo airlines - a 4% decrease from March 2011.
Source: A4A Jet-Fuel Cost and Consumption Report
The subject of this presentation is a currently active project to rewrite API Recommended Practice 575, Inspection of Atmospheric and Low-Pressure Storage Tanks
The objectives of the rewrite project are to update current information in the recommended practice, and to add new information on inspection techniques and leak tightness considerations
API documents are reviewed and updated on a five-year cycle The timing for the current update of RP 575 is particularly appropriate because inspection technology has advanced since the last edition, use of API Std 653, Tank Inspection, Repair, Alteration, and Reconstruction, continues to grow, and with that growth more questions have arisen on what should be done during a tank inspection
Revisions being developed to RP 575 are based on a broad spectrum of input However, they have yet to presented, discussed, and balloted These steps will occur later this year, with publication anticipated by the end of the year

3. API Tank Standards Update
DOD Statistics
Worldwide Bulk Fuel Ending Inventory, FY 2011, (Millions of Barrels)
JP : (8.523)
JP (14.960)
JP8, JPTS (26.148)
Total (49.631)
[AVGAS ] (0.002)
Source: DEFENSE LOGISTICS AGENCY, Energy Fact Book, Fiscal Year 2010 and 2011.
The subject of this presentation is a currently active project to rewrite API Recommended Practice 575, Inspection of Atmospheric and Low-Pressure Storage Tanks
The objectives of the rewrite project are to update current information in the recommended practice, and to add new information on inspection techniques and leak tightness considerations
API documents are reviewed and updated on a five-year cycle The timing for the current update of RP 575 is particularly appropriate because inspection technology has advanced since the last edition, use of API Std 653, Tank Inspection, Repair, Alteration, and Reconstruction, continues to grow, and with that growth more questions have arisen on what should be done during a tank inspection
Revisions being developed to RP 575 are based on a broad spectrum of input However, they have yet to presented, discussed, and balloted These steps will occur later this year, with publication anticipated by the end of the year

4. API Tank Standards Update
The subject of this presentation is a currently active project to rewrite API Recommended Practice 575, Inspection of Atmospheric and Low-Pressure Storage Tanks
The objectives of the rewrite project are to update current information in the recommended practice, and to add new information on inspection techniques and leak tightness considerations
API documents are reviewed and updated on a five-year cycle The timing for the current update of RP 575 is particularly appropriate because inspection technology has advanced since the last edition, use of API Std 653, Tank Inspection, Repair, Alteration, and Reconstruction, continues to grow, and with that growth more questions have arisen on what should be done during a tank inspection
Revisions being developed to RP 575 are based on a broad spectrum of input However, they have yet to presented, discussed, and balloted These steps will occur later this year, with publication anticipated by the end of the year

5. API History
1919: API founded as non-profit national trade association, New York City 1980s: API relocates to Washington, DC 1995: API Dallas Standards Office relocates to Washington, DC 2007: Opened first of 3 planned international offices in Beijing, China 2011: Singapore and Dubai, UAE offices opened

6. Background on API Standards Program
The API Standardization Department was formed in 1923, with the first API standard published the following year on drilling threads.
All industry segments now active in standardization:
Exploration and Production
Pipeline Transportation
Refining
Marketing

7. API Standards
API now publishes ~600 technical standards covering all aspects of the oil and natural gas industry
Foundation of Self Supporting Programs
Basis for Worldwide Operations
Core of Institute’s Technical Authority

8. Standards Development Process
The API Standards program is accredited by the American National Standards Institute (ANSI) – the program was reaccredited by ANSI in Oct following a 2010 audit Openness, Balance, Consensus, Due Process - Regular program audits (conducted by ANSI)
Transparent process (anyone can comment on any document in process) All comments must be considered

9. Standards Development Process
Developed by consensus (does not mean unanimity)
Committee balance between users/owner operators, manufacturers and contractors/consultants
Standards developed using ANSI approved API Standards Development Procedures (available on-line at
API corporate membership is not a requirement for participation on API standardization committees.
Support from your management to participate is.

10. Use of API Standards “De facto” international standards
Adoption by reference common by State and Federal agencies – BOEMRE, DOT and EPA
API does not promote adoption - prefer voluntary use
Written for flexibility as performance based documents
For 2012 the ongoing goal is to focus on documents with related policy impact.

11. API Standards Committee Structure
Committee on Standardization of Oilfield Equipment & Materials
Committee on Petroleum Measurement
Committee on Refinery Equipment
Marketing/Aviation
Pipeline Transportation
Safety & Fire Protection
To support the Standards there are Certification programs: API Monogram Program, Individual Certification Programs and others,
Certification Programs

12. AST Standards
API publishes over 70 standards, recommended practices, and bulletins covering various aspects of tank operations
Design & Construction
Inspection
Measurement
Emissions
Safety & Fire Protection - Safe Entry, Overfill Protection
Environmental - Leak detection, Release Prevention, Emissions
Research

13. AST Standards For committee access:
API publishes over 70 standards, recommended practices, and bulletins covering various aspects of tank operations
Design & Construction
Inspection
Measurement and emissions
Safety & Fire Protection - Safe Entry, Overfill Protection
Environmental - Leak detection, Release Prevention, Emissions
For committee access:
mycommittees.api.org/standards/cre/scast/default.aspx
Next Standards meeting: November , 2012

14. AST Standards - History
[From Annex A: Background on Past Editions of API Welded Storage Tank Standards]
API published a specification for welded steel storage tanks in July 1936 entitled API Standard 12C, All-Welded Oil Storage Tanks. Fifteen editions and seven supplements to API 12C were published between 1936 and 1958.
API 12C was replaced by API Standard 650, Welded Tanks for Oil Storage in December 1961; 11 editions and 22 supplements, revisions or addenda to API 650 have been issued since.

15. Design & Construction
API 620, Design and Construction of Large, Welded, Low-Pressure Storage Tanks
Designed for metal temperatures not greater than 250°F and with pressures in their gas or vapor spaces not more than 15 lbf/in. sq. gauge
Appendix Q covers liquefied gases at temperatures not lower than –325°F
Appendix R covers refrigerated products at temperatures from +40°F to –60°F

16. Current Edition of API 620
API 620, Design and Construction of Large, Welded, Low-pressure Storage Tanks, 11th Edition
Addendum 3 to the 11th Edition was published March 2012

17. API Standard 625 - Tank Systems for Refrigerated, Liquified Gas Storage
API 625 is a proposed new standard for refrigerated tank systems which addresses coordination of the components of the tank system so that they act in an integrated way.  
The three related standards (API 625, API 620 and ACI 376) when all are published will bring American standards up to date with coverage of the single, double and full containment concepts which are currently in use.

18. API Standard 625 - Tank Systems for Refrigerated, Liquified Gas Storage
API 625, Tank Systems for Refrigerated Liquefied Gas Storage 1st Edition was published August 2010

19. Tank Design & Construction
API 650, Welded Tanks for Oil Storage
Primary construction code for refinery and storage terminal AST’s
Covers material, design, fabrication, erection
and testing requirements
For tanks whose entire bottom is uniformly supported

20. Current Edition of API 650 API 650, Welded Tanks for Oil Storage
11th Edition, Addendum 3, published August, 2011 
Errata to Addendum 3 to incorporate additional revisions were published October 2011

21. API 650 now part of API Monogram Program
New APPENDIX Y: API MONOGRAM (informative)
Y.1 Introduction
Y.2 API Monogram Marking Requirements
Licenses for:
- Shop Built Tanks (Appendix J) and
- Fabricated Steel Plates
are available
Certification Programs

22. API 650 API Monogram Program

23. Tank Inspection
API 653, Tank Inspection, Repair, Alteration, and Reconstruction
Referenced or adopted in at least seven US states
Minimum requirements for maintaining the integrity of tanks after they are placed in service
Applicable to welded, riveted, nonrefrigerated, and atmospheric pressure AST’s

24. Current Edition of API 653
API 653, Tank Inspection, Repair, Alteration, and Reconstruction – Addendum 2 to the 4th Edition was published January 2012

25. Inspection Codes API 570, Piping Inspection Code
First published in 1993
Minimum requirements for inspection, repair, alteration, and rerating of in-service process piping systems
Complements API Standards 510 and 653

26. Additional API Inspection Codes
RP Inspection of Piping, Tubing, Valves, and Fittings RP Inspection of Aboveground Storage Tanks RP Inspection of Pressure-Relieving Devices RP Material Verification Program for New and Existing Alloy Piping Systems RP Fitness-for-Service

27. Release Prevention & Leak Detection
Pub An Engineering Assessment of Volumetric Methods of Leak Detection in Aboveground Storage Tanks Pub An Engineering Assessment of Acoustic Methods of Leak Detection in Aboveground Storage Tanks Pub Assessment of Tankfield Dike Lining Materials and Methods Pub. 322/323 - An Engineering Assessment of Volumetric/Acoustic Methods of Leak Detection in Aboveground Storage Tanks

28. Measurement MPMS Chap 2 - Tank Calibration MPMS Chap 3 - Tank Gauging
MPMS Chap 4 - Proving Systems
MPMS Chap Measurement of Hydrocarbon Fluids by Weight or Mass
MPMS Chap 19 – Emission Calculations (Developed with EPA review and commentary.)
[Note – MPMS = Manual of Petroleum Measurement Standards which is maintained by the (COPM) Committee on Petroleum Measurement.]

29. Measurement
Chap Evaporative Loss from Fixed Roof Tanks MPMS Chap 191 A - Evaporation Loss from Low- Pressure Tanks MPMS Chap Evaporative Loss from Floating Roof Tanks MPMS Std Measurement and Calibration of Horizontal Tanks MPMS Std Liquid Calibration of Tanks

30. Emissions
MPMS Chap 193 Part D - Fugitive Emissions Test Method of Deck-Seam Loss Factors for Floating Roof Tanks MPMS Chap Recommended Practice for Speciation of Evaporative Losses Pub Vapor Collection and Control Operations for Storage and Transfer Operations in the Petroleum Industry Pub Development of Fugitive Emission Factors and Emission Profiles for Petroleum Marketing Terminals, Volume 1

31. Other Related Publications
Std Venting Atmospheric and Low-Pressure Storage Tanks: Nonrefrigerated and Refrigerated RP Cathodic Protection of Aboveground Storage Tanks STD Design and Construction of Liquefied Petroleum Gas Installations (LPG)

32. API Tank Standards Update
Thank you!
Stephen Crimaudo
Senior Associate, API Standards
1220 L Street, NW
Washington, DC
Phone:
  mycommittees.api.org/standards/cre/scast/default.aspx