1. May 21, 2011 http://hodf.org 1

2. May 21, 2011 http://hodf.org 2

3. May 21, 2011 http://hodf.org 33 Conclusion of Galatians The Merits of Character Assassination Love Your Enemies…Not so much What is an Intra-Jewish Polemic? Peter and Paul do lunch 4QMMT – The Works of the Law The Holy Spirit as key How life in the Spirit proceeds

4. May 21, 2011 http://hodf.org 44 Conclusion of Galatians The Custodian ( Greek paidagwgo.j ) The Role of Torah Review: Circumcision = Conversion Overview of Galatian Letter Chapter 4:1-7 Heirs and slaves Days, months, times, and years Conclusions

5. May 21, 2011 http://hodf.org 55 How we're going to roll Consider my presentation like an attorney presenting a case, establishing a baseline of facts, and then connecting all the dots to understand the letter to the Galatians. I will demonstrate how Paul has to explain Hebraic concepts mis-taught by his opponents using Roman principles.

6. May 21, 2011 http://hodf.org 66 Conclusion of Galatians The Merits of Character Assassination Love Your Enemies…Not so much What is an Intra-Jewish Polemic? Peter and Paul do lunch 4QMMT – The Works of the Law The Holy Spirit as key How life in the Spirit proceeds

7. May 21, 2011 http://hodf.org 77 The Merits of Character Assassination The act of deliberately attempting to destroy a person's reputation by defamatory remarks. Collins English Dictionary – Complete and Unabridged © HarperCollins Publishers 1991, 1994, 1998, 2000, 2003

8. May 21, 2011 http://hodf.org 88 The Merits of Character Assassination The slandering of a person usually with the intention of destroying public confidence in that person. Merriam-Webster online

9. May 21, 2011 http://hodf.org 99 The Merits of Character Assassination It may involve exaggeration, misleading half-truths, or manipulation of facts to present an untrue picture of the targeted person. Wikipedia online What if the picture is true? Is it still character assassination? Is that a problem?

10. May 21, 2011 http://hodf.org 10 Conclusion of Galatians The Merits of Character Assassination Love Your Enemies…Not so much What is an Intra-Jewish Polemic? Peter and Paul do lunch 4QMMT – The Works of the Law The Holy Spirit as key How life in the Spirit proceeds

11. May 21, 2011 http://hodf.org 11 Conclusion of Galatians The Merits of Character Assassination Love Your Enemies…Not so much What is an Intra-Jewish Polemic? Peter and Paul do lunch 4QMMT – The Works of the Law The Holy Spirit as key How life in the Spirit proceeds

12. May 21, 2011 http://hodf.org 12 Love Your Enemies…Not so much But I say unto you, Love your enemies, bless them that curse you, do good to them that hate you, and pray for them which despitefully use you, and persecute you. KJV Matthew 5:44

13. May 21, 2011 http://hodf.org 13 Love Your Enemies…Not so much But though we, or an angel from heaven, preach any other gospel unto you than that which we have preached unto you, let him be accursed. KJV Galatians 1:8

14. May 21, 2011 http://hodf.org 14 Love Your Enemies…Not so much As we said before, so say I now again, If any man preach any other gospel unto you than that ye have received, let him be accursed. KJV Galatians 1:9

15. May 21, 2011 http://hodf.org 15 Love Your Enemies…Not so much Yeshua had his moments too… “Ye serpents, ye generation of vipers, how can ye escape the damnation of hell?” KJV Matthew 23:33.

16. May 21, 2011 http://hodf.org 16 Conclusion of Galatians The Merits of Character Assassination Love Your Enemies…Not so much What is an Intra-Jewish Polemic? Peter and Paul do lunch 4QMMT – The Works of the Law The Holy Spirit as key How life in the Spirit proceeds

17. May 21, 2011 http://hodf.org 17 Conclusion of Galatians The Merits of Character Assassination Love Your Enemies…Not so much What is an Intra-Jewish Polemic? Peter and Paul do lunch 4QMMT – The Works of the Law The Holy Spirit as key How life in the Spirit proceeds

18. May 21, 2011 http://hodf.org 18 Intra-Jewish Polemic What is a Polemic? A polemic is a variety of argument or controversy made against one opinion, doctrine, or person. Other variations of argument are debate and discussion. The word is derived from the Greek πολεmικός, meaning ‘warlike, hostile’.

19. May 21, 2011 http://hodf.org 19 Intra-Jewish Polemic What is a Polemic? A polemic is a form of dispute, wherein the main efforts of the disputing parties are aimed at establishing the superiority of their own points of view regarding an issue.

20. May 21, 2011 http://hodf.org 20 Intra-Jewish Polemic Journal of Biblical Studies, #112, 3 (1993) pp. 459-477, James D. G. Dunn Echoes of Intra-Jewish Polemic in Paul’s Letter to the Galatians

21. May 21, 2011 http://hodf.org 21 Intra-Jewish Polemic No one will need to be reminded that Galatians is one of the most polemical documents in all the Bible. The typically polite thanksgiving of the normal letter opening is replaced by the indignation and fiery anathema of 1:6-9.

22. May 21, 2011 http://hodf.org 22 Intra-Jewish Polemic The Jerusalem opposition is described with a series of weasel words — “false brothers smuggled in, who sneaked in to spy on our freedom” (2:4).

23. May 21, 2011 http://hodf.org 23 Intra-Jewish Polemic Jerusalem itself is identified with Hagar and dumped in the slavery column in the opposing columns of 4:21-27, And the Galatians are encouraged to throw out the other missionaries as Sarah encouraged Abraham to throw out Hagar and Ishmael…

24. May 21, 2011 http://hodf.org 24 Intra-Jewish Polemic Such language and tactics are typical of factional polemic the world over. In spirit and tone at least, it is not particularly Jewish or Christian. 1 L Τ Johnson, “The New Testament's Anti-Jewish Slander and the Conventions of Ancient Polemic,” JBL 108 (1989) 419 - 441

25. May 21, 2011 http://hodf.org 25 Intra-Jewish Polemic At the same time, there are some elements that seem to echo more specifically intra-Jewish polemic and it is these on which this [20 page] paper focuses. p. 459

26. May 21, 2011 http://hodf.org 26 Intra-Jewish Polemic Examples: Intra-Jewish factional disputes abound in the last 200 years of Second Temple Judaism. Typically, one faction would claim to be “righteous” and condemn others as “sinners” 1 Macc 1:34; 2:44, 48; 1 Enoch 5:4-7; 82:4-5; Pss. Sol. 4:8; 13:6-12

27. May 21, 2011 http://hodf.org 27 Intra-Jewish Polemic For while “sinner” still denoted sustained disregard for and breach of the law, the disregard and breach were evidently more often in the eye of the beholder than not.

28. May 21, 2011 http://hodf.org 28 Intra-Jewish Polemic What was at issue, in other words, was sectarian (or factional) interpretation of the law, halakic dispute of such intensity that the issues were regarded by the “righteous” as make or break, as determinative of the others’ acceptability or unacceptability to God. p. 463 Messy-antics

29. May 21, 2011 http://hodf.org 29 Intra-Jewish Polemic Matthew 9:10 And it came to pass, as Yeshua sat down for a meal at meat in the house, behold, many publicans and sinners came and sat down with him and his disciples. 11 And when the Pharisees saw it, they said unto his disciples, “Why does your Master eat with publicans and sinners?”

30. May 21, 2011 http://hodf.org 30 Intra-Jewish Polemic 12 But when Yeshua heard that, he said unto them, “They that be whole need not a physician, but they that are sick. 13 But go ye and learn what that meaneth, ‘I will have mercy, and not sacrifice’: for I am not come to call the righteous, but sinners to repentance.”

31. May 21, 2011 http://hodf.org 31 Intra-Jewish Polemic To be noted once again is the fact that, as in the case of Yeshua, the accusation was being brought by Jews against fellow Jews. Although the language referred to non- Jews (“Gentile sinners”), the issue was still an intra-Jewish one — the issue of covenant loyalty, of Torah piety, of avoiding contamination by the “sinner.”

32. May 21, 2011 http://hodf.org 32 Intra-Jewish Polemic And since it involved disagreement between Jews on what was and what was not permissible in associating with Gentiles, the issue was in fact one of intra-Jewish factional dispute. pp. 464-465

33. May 21, 2011 http://hodf.org 33 Intra-Jewish Polemic So the author(s) of Jubilees condemn(s) both the sons of Israel who failed to circumcise their sons as “making themselves like the Gentiles,”

34. May 21, 2011 http://hodf.org 34 Intra-Jewish Polemic and also those Jews who used a different calendar to calculate the feast days for ‘forgetting the feasts of the covenant and walking in the feasts of the gentiles, after their errors and after their ignorance” (15:33-34; 6:15).

35. May 21, 2011 http://hodf.org 35 Intra-Jewish Polemic So, what is an Intra-Jewish Polemic? A warlike and hostile argument between Jews of differing halakhic beliefs with the intention of out yelling one another, thereby establishing their belief as the superior one.

36. May 21, 2011 http://hodf.org 36 Conclusion of Galatians The Merits of Character Assassination Love Your Enemies…Not so much What is an Intra-Jewish Polemic? Peter and Paul do lunch 4QMMT – The Works of the Law The Holy Spirit as key How life in the Spirit proceeds

37. May 21, 2011 http://hodf.org 37 Conclusion of Galatians The Merits of Character Assassination Love Your Enemies…Not so much What is an Intra-Jewish Polemic? Peter and Paul do lunch 4QMMT – The Works of the Law The Holy Spirit as key How life in the Spirit proceeds

38. May 21, 2011 http://hodf.org 38 Peter and Paul do lunch 2:11 But when Peter came to Antioch, I opposed him to his face, because he was at fault. 12 For before some came from James, he was eating with the gentiles, but when they arrived, he began to withdraw and separate himself, in fear of those of the circumcision.

39. May 21, 2011 http://hodf.org 39 Peter and Paul do lunch What has just happened? Peter, like these other factions within Second Temple Judaism, had now made table fellowship a test case of covenant identity and faithfulness, and in concluding that the Gentile believers failed that test (or rather that their company caused him to fail that test) had withdrawn from table fellowship with them.

40. May 21, 2011 http://hodf.org 40 Peter and Paul do lunch 13 And the other Jews joined him in his hypocrisy, insomuch that Barnabas also was led astray. 14 When I saw that they were not acting in line with the truth of the gospel, I said to Peter in front of them all, (so much for taking a brother aside to speak privately about a matter)

41. May 21, 2011 http://hodf.org 41 Peter and Paul do lunch 14 “If you, being a Jew, live like the Gentiles and not like the Jews, how is it that you compel the Gentiles to live like Jews?” Peter’s actions said… “You Gentiles will need to become proselytes.” His previous actions said that table fellowship with the Gentiles of faith was OK.

42. May 21, 2011 http://hodf.org 42 Conclusion of Galatians The Merits of Character Assassination Love Your Enemies…Not so much What is an Intra-Jewish Polemic? Peter and Paul do lunch 4QMMT – The Works of the Law The Holy Spirit as key How life in the Spirit proceeds

43. May 21, 2011 http://hodf.org 43 Conclusion of Galatians The Merits of Character Assassination Love Your Enemies…Not so much What is an Intra-Jewish Polemic? Peter and Paul do lunch 4QMMT – The Works of the Law The Holy Spirit as key How life in the Spirit proceeds

44. May 21, 2011 http://hodf.org 44 4QMMT New Testament Studies, #43, (1997) pp. 147-153, James D. G. Dunn 4QMMT and Galatians 4Q397 and 4Q398

45. May 21, 2011 http://hodf.org 45 4QMMT The first point of interest is the self- description of the writer(s) of the scroll: ‘We have separated ourselves from the multitude of the people [and from all their impurity]’. This has been identified as a Sadducian and Phariseian debate on purity halakah.

46. May 21, 2011 http://hodf.org 46 4QMMT The second point is a discussion of the blessings and curses (Gal 3:8-14) The third point is “works of the law” The Fourth point is “at the end of time, you may rejoice in finding that some of our words/practices are so/true/correct. And it shall be reckoned to you for righteousness.

47. May 21, 2011 http://hodf.org 47 4QMMT The fifth point is the calendar issues “To sum up, the four or five points of parallel between 4QMMT and Galatians surely give us sufficient grounds for concluding that MMT preserves the sort of theological attitude and halakhic practice which in the event determined the attitude and action of Peter and the other Christian Jews in Antioch.

48. May 21, 2011 http://hodf.org 48 4QMMT But the weight of the evidence does seem to suggest that MMT preserves a vocabulary and manner of theologising which left its mark on a wider spectrum of Jewish thought and practice, and that it was just this sort of theologising and practice which confronted Paul in Antioch and which he wrote Galatians to counter. pp. 152-153.

49. May 21, 2011 http://hodf.org 49 Conclusion of Galatians The Merits of Character Assassination Love Your Enemies…Not so much What is an Intra-Jewish Polemic? Peter and Paul do lunch 4QMMT – The Works of the Law The Holy Spirit as key How life in the Spirit proceeds

50. May 21, 2011 http://hodf.org 50 Conclusion of Galatians The Merits of Character Assassination Love Your Enemies…Not so much What is an Intra-Jewish Polemic? Peter and Paul do lunch 4QMMT – The Works of the Law The Holy Spirit as key How life in the Spirit proceeds

51. May 21, 2011 http://hodf.org 51 The Holy Spirit as key New Zeitschrift für die Neutestamentliche Wissenschaft Journal of the Science and the New Testament Church of the elderly client The Words of the Luminaries, the Curse of the Law, and the Outpouring of the Spirit in Gal 3:10–14 by Rodrigo J. Morales (his translations)

52. May 21, 2011 http://hodf.org 52 The Holy Spirit as key The key question that drives this section of the letter [3:10-14], and indeed the majority of Galatians 3–6, is the Galatians’ reception of the Spirit. “This alone I want to know from you: was it from works of the Law that you received the Spirit, or from the proclamation of faith?” (Gal 3:2).

53. May 21, 2011 http://hodf.org 53 The Holy Spirit as key Likewise, he rounds out the first part of the argument by describing Christ’s act of (1) redeeming “us” from the curse of the Law “in order that the (2) blessing might come upon the Gentiles in Christ Jesus, in order that we might receive the promise of the (3) Spirit through faith” (Gal 3:14).

54. May 21, 2011 http://hodf.org 54 The Holy Spirit as key Clearly Paul sees a close connection between (1) redemption from the curse, the extension of the (2) blessing to the Gentiles, and the reception of the (3) Spirit. It is the Spirit, I will argue, that plays a key role in determining how Paul understands the curse of the Law in Gal 3:10–14.

55. May 21, 2011 http://hodf.org 55 The Holy Spirit as key Israel’s eschatological redemption Specifically, Paul’s conclusion in 3:14 presupposes a Jewish tradition seen in Isaiah, the Words of the Luminaries (4Q504), and the Testament of Judah, that presents the gifts of the (2) blessing and the (3) Spirit as a sign of (1) Israel’s eschatological redemption.

56. May 21, 2011 http://hodf.org 56 The Holy Spirit as key A. Isaiah - In his groundbreaking work The Faith of Jesus Christ, Richard Hays suggests in passing that Paul may join the Spirit and the blessing in Galatians 3:14 in light of a similar conjunction in Isaiah 44:2–3, the only passage in the OT to associate these two words closely. The Faith of Jesus Christ: The Narrative Substructure of Galatians 3:1–4:11, pp. 182–183.

57. May 21, 2011 http://hodf.org 57 The Holy Spirit as key A. Isaiah 43:14–21 describes God’s promise to lead Israel in a new exodus by making a way in the wilderness for them and causing water to spring forth there.

58. May 21, 2011 http://hodf.org 58 The Holy Spirit as key B. Isaiah 43:22–28, provides an account of why Israel suffered: Israel had failed to call upon God and to bring him offerings and as a result God “profaned the princes of the sanctuary [and] delivered Jacob to utter destruction, and Israel to reviling.

59. May 21, 2011 http://hodf.org 59 The Holy Spirit as key C. Isaiah 44:3b [LXX] God promises to pour out his Spirit upon Israel: “I will pour my Spirit upon your seed, and my blessings upon your children”.

60. May 21, 2011 http://hodf.org 60 The Holy Spirit as key D. Isaiah 44:1–8 thus speaks of God’s mercy upon Israel following her punishment, and several images from this passage (“seed,” “blessing,” “Spirit,” God as “redeemer”) feature prominently in Gal 3:10–14.

61. May 21, 2011 http://hodf.org 61 The Holy Spirit as key 2. The Words of the Luminaries (4Q504) “And [you] did not desert us amongst the nations. You did favors to your people Israel among all [the] countries amongst whom you had exiled them, to place upon their heart to turn to you and to listen to your voice [in agreement] with all that You commanded through the hand of Moses, your servant.” (4Q504 5.10b–14; cf. Deut 30,1–2)

62. May 21, 2011 http://hodf.org 62 The Holy Spirit as key 2. The Words of the Luminaries (4Q504) “For you have poured your Holy Spirit ( hk`dwq jwr ) upon us, to bestow your blessings to us.” (4Q504 5.15–16)

63. May 21, 2011 http://hodf.org 63 The Holy Spirit as key 2. The Words of the Luminaries (4Q504) The Words of the Luminaries thus associates the gift of God’s Spirit with the restoration of Israel after its punishment for failure to keep the covenant. Drawing on Isaiah 44, the prayer presents Israel’s reception of God’s Holy Spirit and of the blessings as the sign that God has redeemed Israel from the curses of Leviticus and Deuteronomy.

64. May 21, 2011 http://hodf.org 64 The Holy Spirit as key 3. The Testament of Judah In ch. 23, Judah laments the sins his sons will commit and the resultant punishment they will receive, described in the language of Deuteronomy and Leviticus.

65. May 21, 2011 http://hodf.org 65 The Holy Spirit as key 3. The Testament of Judah “And the heavens will be opened upon him [a messianic figure] to pour out the Spirit as a blessing ( pneumatoj eulogian ) of the Holy Father. And he will pour out the Spirit of grace on you. And you shall be sons in truth, and you will walk in his first and final decrees”. 24:2-3

66. May 21, 2011 http://hodf.org 66 The Holy Spirit as key 3. The Testament of Judah Following, the text proceeds to depict the resurrection of the patriarchs Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob, and to promise a kingdom to the sons of Israel. 25:1-2

67. May 21, 2011 http://hodf.org 67 The Holy Spirit as key 3. The Testament of Judah Paul interprets the (3) Spirit both as the fulfillment of God’s promise to Abraham to (2) bless the Gentiles and as the long awaited sign that God had finally (1) redeemed Israel from the curses of Deuteronomy.

68. May 21, 2011 http://hodf.org 68 Conclusion of Galatians The Merits of Character Assassination Love Your Enemies…Not so much What is an Intra-Jewish Polemic? Peter and Paul do lunch 4QMMT – The Works of the Law The Holy Spirit as key How life in the Spirit proceeds

69. May 21, 2011 http://hodf.org 69 Conclusion of Galatians The Merits of Character Assassination Love Your Enemies…Not so much What is an Intra-Jewish Polemic? Peter and Paul do lunch 4QMMT – The Works of the Law The Holy Spirit as key How life in the Spirit proceeds

70. May 21, 2011 http://hodf.org 70 Life in the Spirit Galatians 5:13 – 6:10 13 Brethren, ye have been called unto liberty; only do not use that liberty for an occasion to indulge the sinful nature. 16 This I say then, Walk by the leading of the Spirit, and you will not carry out the desire of the flesh. 18 But if you are led by the Spirit, you are not under the penalty.

71. May 21, 2011 http://hodf.org 71 Life in the Spirit Galatians 5:13 – 6:10 25 If we live in the Spirit, let us also walk in the Spirit. 6:7 Be not deceived; God is not mocked: for whatsoever a man soweth, that shall he also reap.

72. May 21, 2011 http://hodf.org 72 Life in the Spirit Galatians 5:13 – 6:10 6:8 For he that soweth to his flesh shall of the flesh reap corruption; but he that soweth to the Spirit shall of the Spirit reap life everlasting.

73. May 21, 2011 http://hodf.org 73 Conclusion of Galatians The Merits of Character Assassination Love Your Enemies…Not so much What is an Intra-Jewish Polemic? Peter and Paul do lunch 4QMMT – The Works of the Law The Holy Spirit as key How life in the Spirit proceeds

74. May 21, 2011 http://hodf.org 74 Conclusion of Galatians The Custodian ( Greek paidagwgo.j ) The Role of Torah Review: Circumcision = Conversion Overview of Galatian Letter Chapter 4:1-7 Heirs and slaves Days, months, times, and years Conclusions

75. May 21, 2011 http://hodf.org 75 paidagwgo.j Paul wants to explain to his audience, which is relatively new in their faith, that the role of the Torah, prior to accepting Yeshua, is the paidagwgo.j. Paul will use an appropriate element from the Galatians' own culture to make a very Jewish point.

76. May 21, 2011 http://hodf.org 76 paidagwgo.j The law is here represented as an overseer or guardian, to keep watch of those committed to its care, to accompany them with its commands and prohibitions, and to keep them in a condition of dependence and restraint… Vincent

77. May 21, 2011 http://hodf.org 77 paidagwgo.j “Originally, ‘boy-leader’, the man, usually a slave…whose duty it was to conduct a boy or youth…to and from school and to superintend his conduct generally; When the young man became of age, the paidagwgo.j should no longer be needed.

78. May 21, 2011 http://hodf.org 78 paidagwgo.j This “guardian” (ESV) would try to instill in the boys a basic sense of who a responsible citizen was until the boys were old enough to take care of themselves. A Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature, BDAG, p. 748

79. May 21, 2011 http://hodf.org 79 paidagwgo.j “Our sharp-eyed and efficient supervisor of the education of the young must redirect their natural development along the right lines, by always setting them on the paths of goodness as embodied in the legal code.” Plato, Laws 7.809. 428-347 B.C.E.

80. May 21, 2011 http://hodf.org 80 Conclusion of Galatians The Custodian ( Greek paidagwgo.j ) The Role of Torah Review: Circumcision = Conversion Overview of Galatian Letter Chapter 4:1-7 Heirs and slaves Days, months, times, and years Conclusions

81. May 21, 2011 http://hodf.org 81 Role of Torah “For the unredeemed, the Torah was intended to preserve the mental, moral and social safety of the environment into which an individual was born and raised. The person was protected ‘until the date set by the Father’ (Galatians 4:2) when the Spirit of Holiness would lead them to the Teacher, the Messiah.

82. May 21, 2011 http://hodf.org 82 Role of Torah The Torah does this by providing a safe environment in which they may live. The judgments, commandments, ordinances and other teachings of the Torah all help to create a safe community surrounded by the protective border of the Torah. Anyone who lives within the confines of that border will live in relative safety.

83. May 21, 2011 http://hodf.org 83 Role of Torah This does not mean that the person living within the borders of the Torah is automatically safe spiritually, or ‘saved’; rather, living within the Torah community, his life is being preserved and protected as he awaits the time set by the Father…” Torah Rediscovered by Ariel and D’vorah Berkowitz.

84. May 21, 2011 http://hodf.org 84 Conclusion of Galatians The Custodian ( Greek paidagwgo.j ) The Role of Torah Review: Circumcision = Conversion Overview of Galatian Letter Chapter 4:1-7 Heirs and slaves Days, months, times, and years Conclusions

85. May 21, 2011 http://hodf.org 85 Conclusion of Galatians The Custodian ( Greek paidagwgo.j ) The Role of Torah Review: Circumcision = Conversion Overview of Galatian Letter Chapter 4:1-7 Heirs and slaves Days, months, times, and years Conclusions

86. May 21, 2011 http://hodf.org 86 Circumcision = Conversion Galatians 5:1 Stand fast therefore in the liberty wherewith Christ hath made us free, and be not entangled again with the yoke of bondage. 2 Behold, I Paul say unto you, that if ye be circumcised, Christ shall profit you nothing. 3 For I testify again to every man that is circumcised, that he is a debtor to do the whole law.

87. May 21, 2011 http://hodf.org 87 Conclusion of Galatians The Custodian ( Greek paidagwgo.j ) The Role of Torah Review: Circumcision = Conversion Overview of Galatian Letter Chapter 4:1-7 Heirs and slaves Days, months, times, and years Conclusions

88. May 21, 2011 http://hodf.org 88 Conclusion of Galatians The Custodian ( Greek paidagwgo.j ) The Role of Torah Review: Circumcision = Conversion Overview of Galatian Letter Chapter 4:1-7 Heirs and slaves Days, months, times, and years Conclusions

89. May 21, 2011 http://hodf.org 89 Overview of Galatians 1. Who is Paul and why you need to know 2. Where did he get his message from? 3. My relationship with the pillars 4. Why I yelled at Peter 5. An “MMT” mentality is not the way to go 6. Did you receive the Spirit by ‘works’ or by ‘faith’?

90. May 21, 2011 http://hodf.org 90 Overview of Galatians 7. Torah is important but we must not overlook the order established with Abraham 8. The role of the paidagwgo.j 9. Roman patria potestas 10. Reject these false missionaries 11. Conversion causes a fall from grace 12. Let the Spirit do her work.

91. May 21, 2011 http://hodf.org 91 Conclusion of Galatians The Custodian ( Greek paidagwgo.j ) The Role of Torah Review: Circumcision = Conversion Overview of Galatian Letter Chapter 4:1-7 Heirs and slaves Days, months, times, and years Conclusions

92. May 21, 2011 http://hodf.org 92 Conclusion of Galatians The Custodian ( Greek paidagwgo.j ) The Role of Torah Review: Circumcision = Conversion Overview of Galatian Letter Chapter 4:1-7 Heirs and slaves Days, months, times, and years Conclusions

93. May 21, 2011 http://hodf.org 93 Heirs and slaves THINK: What was he combating from the other missionaries? 3:29 …heirs according to the promise. 4:1 The heir, as long as he is a child, differs not from a slave as far as execution of the business of the estate even though legally, by right of birth, he [is] will be Lord of all.

94. May 21, 2011 http://hodf.org 94 Heirs and slaves 4:2 But is under supervisors until the time appointed by the father. 3 So we also, when we were children, were in bondage under the elementary matters of the world, being enslaved (personal and elemental spirits). “All things had their special angels” Vincent – Lengthy explanation

95. May 21, 2011 http://hodf.org 95 Heirs and slaves 4:4 But when the fulness of the time was come, God sent forth his Son, made of a woman, made under the law, 5 To redeem them that were under the law, that we might receive the adoption of sons. 6 And because ye are sons, God hath sent forth the Spirit of his Son into your hearts, crying, Abba, Father.

96. May 21, 2011 http://hodf.org 96 Heirs and slaves 4:7 Wherefore thou art no more a servant, but a son; and if a son, then an heir of God through Christ. We are already heirs of God, so we don’t need to “MMT” our way to be an heir.

97. May 21, 2011 http://hodf.org 97 Conclusion of Galatians The Custodian ( Greek paidagwgo.j ) The Role of Torah Review: Circumcision = Conversion Overview of Galatian Letter Chapter 4:1-7 Heirs and slaves Days, months, times, and years Conclusions

98. May 21, 2011 http://hodf.org 98 Conclusion of Galatians The Custodian ( Greek paidagwgo.j ) The Role of Torah Review: Circumcision = Conversion Overview of Galatian Letter Chapter 4:1-7 Heirs and slaves Days, months, times, and years Conclusions

99. May 21, 2011 http://hodf.org 99 Galatians 4:8-11 4:8 Formerly, when you did not know God, you were slaves to those who by nature are not gods. 9 But now that you know God - or rather are known by God - how is it that you are turning back to those weak and miserable principles? Do you wish to be enslaved by them all over again?

100. May 21, 2011 http://hodf.org 100 Galatians 4:8-11 4:10 You are observing days and months and seasons and years. (not like Col 2:17) “Hence the polemical denunciation already noted above: to observe a feast on the wrong date was not to observe the feast, but to ‘forget the feasts of the covenant and walk in the feasts of the gentiles, after their errors and after their ignorance’” (Jub. 6:32-35). Dunn, p. 471

101. May 21, 2011 http://hodf.org 101 Galatians 4:8-11 …to commit ‘sin like the sinners’. (I Enoch 82:4-7; see also 1QS 1:14-15; CD 3:14-15). Mark 2:23 – 3:5 “…went through the corn fields on the Sabbath day ‘doing what was not lawful’…” “And they watched him, whether he would heal him on the Sabbath day; that they might accuse him.”

102. May 21, 2011 http://hodf.org 102 Galatians 4:8-11 4:11 I fear for you, that perhaps I have labored over you in vain. The calendar they are keeping (which is different from the Hebraic calendar he taught them) tells him that they have fallen for the MMT path which means no more dependence on the Spirit but switching to the flesh to accomplish hiership. Omer 28/32

103. May 21, 2011 http://hodf.org 103 Conclusion of Galatians The Custodian ( Greek paidagwgo.j ) The Role of Torah Review: Circumcision = Conversion Overview of Galatian Letter Chapter 4:1-7 Heirs and slaves Days, months, times, and years Conclusions

104. May 21, 2011 http://hodf.org 104

105. May 21, 2011 http://hodf.org 105September 28, 2010 http://hodsbs.org 105