1. Sound Devices in Poetry
POETRY TERMS
Sound Devices in Poetry

2. Sound Devices in Poetry
Objectives:
Define alliteration.
Identify examples of alliteration.
Create a poem with alliteration.

3. Sound Devices in Poetry
1. Alliteration- the repetition of initial consonant sounds. Writers and poets use alliteration to create pleasing musical effects.

4. Sound Devices in Poetry
from “I Was a Skinny Tomboy Kid” -Alma Villanueva
I grew like a thin, stubborn weed
watering myself whatever way I could.
from the poem, Darkness Lost:
From somewhere far beyond, the flag of fate's caprice unfurled,

5. Sound Devices in Poetry
The Siege of Belgrade Listen to The Siege of Belgrade (by Alaric Alexander Watts – 1797 to 1864), an example of an alliterative famous poem written in the English language. Notice that the author uses every letter of the alphabet – one for each line. An Austrian array, awfully arrayed, Boldly by battery, besieged Belgrade. Cossack commanders, cannonading come, Dealing destruction’s devastating doom; Every endeavor, engineers essay For fame, for fortune, forming furious fray. Gaunt gunners grapple, giving gashes good Heaves high his head heroic hardihood. Ibraham, Islam, Ismael, imps in ill, Jostle John Jarovlitz, Jem, Joe, Jack, Jill: Kick kindling Kutusoff, king’s kinsman kill; Labor low levels loftiest longest lines; Men march ‘mid moles, ‘mid mounds, ‘mid murderous mines. Now nightfall’s nigh, now needful nature nods. Opposed, opposing, overcoming odds. Poor peasants, partly purchased, partly pressed, Quite quaking, “Quarter! Quarter! ” quickly quest. Reason returns, recalls redundant rage, Saves sinking soldiers, softens signiors sage. Truce, Turkey, truce! truce, treacherous Tartar train! Unwise, unjust, unmerciful Ukraine! Vanish, vile vengeance! vanish, victory vain! Wisdom wails war – wails warring words. What were Xerxes, Xantippe, Ximenes, Xavier? Yet yassy’s youth, ye yield your youthful yest. Zealously, zanies, zealously zeal’s zest.

6. Sound Devices in Poetry
Today’s Poetry Assignment: Write a poem about listening to your favorite song or type of music. Be sure to focus on using alliteration. Underline the alliteration.

7. Sound Devices in Poetry
Objectives:
Define assonance.
Identify examples of assonance.
Write a poem using assonance.

8. Sound Devices in Poetry
2. Assonance- The relatively close juxtaposition of the same or similar vowel sounds, but with different end consonants in a line or passage, thus a vowel rhyme, as in the words, date and fade.

9. Sound Devices in Poetry
Dylan Thomas ( ) was born in Swansea, Wales. There, he attended a school where his father taught English. Although he was a mediocre student, he became interested in writing and served on the staff of a school publication. At seventeen, he accepted a job on a local newspaper and in 1934 moved to London, where he published his first collection of poems.

10. Sound Devices in Poetry
In 1951, he wrote “Do Not Go Gentle Into That Good Night, ” one of his most popular poems. He addressed it to his octogenarian father, whose eyesight and general health were failing. The poem urges his father to fight against death—to "burn and rave at close of day"—rather than surrendering meekly to it. The poet himself certainly burned with zest for life. Unfortunately, he indulged in it recklessly, drinking heavily, and died a year after the poem was published, in 1952.
Assonance: age, rave, day (first stanza); blaze, gay, rage (fifth stanza)

11. Sound Devices in Poetry
Do not go gentle into that good night- by Dylan Thomas Do not go gentle into that good night, Old age should burn and rave at close of day; Rage, rage against the dying of the light. Though wise men at their end know dark is right, Because their words had forked no lightning they Do not go gentle into that good night. Good men, the last wave by, crying how bright Their frail deeds might have danced in a green bay, Wild men who caught and sang the sun in flight, And learn, too late, they grieved it on its way, Grave men, near death, who see with blinding sight Blind eyes could blaze like meteors and be gay, And you, my father, there on the sad height, Curse, bless, me now with your fierce tears, I pray.

12. Sound Devices in Poetry
Assonance examples:

13. Sound Devices in Poetry
Today’s assignment: Write a poem about trying to get to sleep at night. Be sure to focus on assonance. Underline the assonance.

14. Sound Devices in Poetry
Objectives:
Define consonance.
Identify examples of consonance.
Write a poem using consonance.

15. Sound Devices in Poetry
3. Consonance- the repetition of the same consonants of words, especially accented syllables and syllables at the ends of words, such as boat and night within or at the end of a line, or the words, cool and soul, as used by Emily Dickinson in the third stanza of “He Fumbles at Your Spirit.”

16. Sound Devices in Poetry
Yellow Dress- BY AMY BEEDER Port-au-Prince Girl on a heap of street sweepings high as a pyre, laid on snarled wire & dented rim. Girl set down among the wrung-out hides. A girl who was coming from church. It is late Sunday afternoon. Was it a seizure? Is it destiny or bad luck we should fear? Weak heart or swerving taxi? In Tet Bef by the dirty ocean thousands crush past her without pausing at the shrine of her spayed limbs; brilliance like the flesh of lilies sprouting from the pummeled cane. Is it possible to be lighthearted, hours later? Days? To forget the yellow dress? I am waiting for her mother to find her, still wearing one white spotless glove (where is the other?), my idle taxi level with her unbruised arm, her fingers just curling like petals of a fallen flower and how did it end? Let someone have gathered her up before the stars assembled coldly overhead: her dress brighter than gold, crocus, the yolk of an egg her face covered like the bride of a god; let them have found her & borne her though the traffic's clamor veiled with a stranger's handkerchief.

17. Sound Devices in Poetry
Consonance, assonance, and alliteration example:

18. Sound Devices in Poetry
Today’s assignment: Create a poem about a time you took a bus, train, or subway somewhere. Be sure to focus on consonance. Underline the consonance.

19. Sound Devices in Poetry
Objectives:
Define onomatopoeia.
Identify examples of onomatopoeia.
Write a poem using onomatopoeia.

20. Sound Devices in Poetry
4. Onomatopoeia- the use of words to imitate sounds. Examples of such words include hiss, hum, murmur, and rustle. Robert Frost uses onomatopoeia in this line: “The buzz saw snarled and rattled in the yard.” Onomatopoeia is used to create musical effects and to reinforce meaning, especially in poetry.

21. Sound Devices in Poetry
Examples of onomatopoeia:

22. Sound Devices in Poetry
Honky Tonk in Cleveland, Ohio by Carl Sandburg It's a jazz affair, drum crashes and cornet razzes. The trombone pony neighs and the tuba jackass snorts. The banjo tickles and titters too awful. The chippies talk about the funnies in the papers. The cartoonists weep in their beer. Ship riveters talk with their feet To the feet of floozies under the tables. A quartet of white hopes mourn with interspersed snickers: "I got the blues. I got the blues. I got the blues." And as we said earlier:

23. Sound Devices in Poetry
Today’s assignment: Write a poem about a time you were trying to be very quiet, but instead you were making a lot of noise. Focus on onomatopoeia and underline those examples.

24. Sound Devices in Poetry
Objectives:
Define rhyme.
Identify examples of rhyme.
Write a poem using rhyme.

25. Sound Devices in Poetry
5. Rhyme- a repetition of sounds at the ends of words. Rhymed words have the same vowel sounds in their accented syllables.

26. Sound Devices in Poetry
first stanza from “The Raven” -Edgar Allan Poe Once upon a midnight dreary, while I pondered, weak and weary, Over many a quaint and curious volume of forgotten lore- While I nodded, nearly napping, suddenly there came a tapping, As of some one gently rapping, rapping at my chamber door, “ ‘Tis some visitor,” I muttered, tapping at my chamber door- Only this and nothing more.

27. Sound Devices in Poetry
Internal Rhyme- Also called middle rhyme, a rhyme occurring within the line, as in the poem, “The Matador”: His childhood fraught with lessons taught by want and misery

28. Sound Devices in Poetry
The Weary Bluesby Langston Hughes Droning a drowsy syncopated tune, Rocking back and forth to a mellow croon, I heard a Negro play. Down on Lenox Avenue the other night By the pale dull pallor of an old gas light He did a lazy sway To the tune o' those Weary Blues. With his ebony hands on each ivory key He made that poor piano moan with melody. O Blues! Swaying to and fro on his rickety stool He played that sad raggy tune like a musical fool. Sweet Blues! Coming from a black man's soul. In a deep song voice with a melancholy tone I heard that Negro sing, that old piano moan— "Ain't got nobody in all this world, Ain't got nobody but ma self. I's gwine to quit ma frownin' And put ma troubles on the shelf." Thump, thump, thump, went his foot on the floor. He played a few chords then he sang some more— "I got the Weary Blues And I can't be satisfied. Got the Weary Blues And can't be satisfied— I ain't happy no mo' And I wish that I had died." And far into the night he crooned that tune. The stars went out and so did the moon. The singer stopped playing and went to bed While the Weary Blues echoed through his head. He slept like a rock or a man that's dead. © 2012, Academy of American Poets. All Rights Reserved.

29. Sound Devices in Poetry
Today Assignment: Write a poem about something scary. Be sure to focus on rhyme. Underline the examples of rhyme.

30. Sound Devices in Poetry
Objectives:
Define rhythm
Identify examples of rhythm.
Write a poem using rhythm.

31. Sound Devices in Poetry
6. Rhythm- the pattern of beat, or stresses, in a spoken or written language. In traditional poetry, regular rhythmic pattern, or meter is used. Poetry that is rhythmic but does not have a regular pattern is called free verse. Instead of following a set metrical pattern, a poem in free verse has its own rhythm that suits its meaning.

32. Sound Devices in Poetry
Rhythm example:

33. Sound Devices in Poetry
Today’s Assignment: Write a poem about doing something that makes you happy or feel calm (for example: walking around a lake). Be sure to focus on rhythm. Add in the markings for stressed and unstressed syllables to show the rhythm.

34. Sound Devices in Poetry
Objectives:
Define cacophony.
Identify examples of cacophony.
Create a poem using cacophony

35. Sound Devices in Poetry
7. Cacophony (cack-AH-fun-ee)- Discordant sounds in the jarring juxtaposition of harsh letters or syllables, sometimes inadvertent, but often deliberately used in poetry for effect, as in the opening line of Fences:
Crawling, sprawling, breaching spokes of stone,

36. Sound Devices in Poetry
Cacophony Example from Alice in Wonderland:

37. Sound Devices in Poetry
Jabberwocky
By: Lewis Carroll
'Twas brillig, and the slithy toves
Did gyre and gimble in the wabe;
All mimsy were the borogoves,
And the mome raths outgrabe.
"Beware the Jabberwock, my son!
The jaws that bite, the claws that catch!
Beware the Jubjub bird, and shun
The frumious Bandersnatch!"
He took his vorpal sword in hand:
Long time the manxome foe he sought --
So rested he by the Tumtum tree.
And stood awhile in thought.
And as in uffish thought he stood,
The Jabberwock, with eyes of flame,
Came wiffling through the tulgey wood,
And burbled as it came!
One, two! One, two! And through and through
The vorpal blade went snicker-snack!
He left it dead, and with its head
He went galumphing back.
"And hast thou slain the Jabberwock?
Come to my arms, my beamish boy!
frabjous day! Callooh! Callay!"
He chortled in his joy.
An example of Cacophony

38. Sound Devices in Poetry
Today’s Assignment: Write a poem about something really gross. Be sure to focus on cacophony. Underline words that incorporate cacophony.