1. KLOE II Inner Tracker - FEE Status Antonio Ranieri RD51 Collaboration Meeting Paris 13-15 October 2008 INFN-Bari S ervizio E lettronico L aboratori F rascati GASTONE (Gem Amplifier Shaper Tracking ON Events) A prototype Front-End chip for the KLOE Inner Tracker Detector On behalf of KLOE2 Bari-LNF Collaboration

2. KLOE II Inner Tracker - FEE Status Antonio Ranieri RD51 Collaboration Meeting Paris 13-15 October 2008 INFN-Bari S ervizio E lettronico L aboratori F rascati Outline KLOE detector upgrade requirements Inner Tracker purpose and requirements prototype detector parameters Readout device parameters readout requirements & time constraints readout data frame Front-End Electronics development GASTONE device description analog and digital blocks (main features) GASTONE Front-End Board prototype testing Detector - FE integration Input protection RO boards - strip interconnections Future plans and developments Conclusions 2

3. KLOE II Inner Tracker - FEE Status Antonio Ranieri RD51 Collaboration Meeting Paris 13-15 October 2008 INFN-Bari S ervizio E lettronico L aboratori F rascati Pisa - 20/04/2015 KLOE detector upgrade requirements IT Proto 1.0 ( constructed in 2007) Triple-GEM with 3,2,2,2 gap thickness 150 mm radius (Layer 1) x 352 mm active length Electrodes obtained joining 3 foils (450x320 mm 2 ) 650 µm pitch (only along r  ) Anode readout with 1538 strips One-dimensional readout 128 ch equipped with GASTONE Drift chamber Inner Tracker Improve vertex reconstruction of K S and  decays 5 tracking layers from 150 to 250 mm 200x500 µm spatial resolution 700 mm active length 1.5% X 0 total radiation length Technology: Cylindrical-GEM 3

4. KLOE II Inner Tracker - FEE Status Antonio Ranieri RD51 Collaboration Meeting Paris 13-15 October 2008 INFN-Bari S ervizio E lettronico L aboratori F rascati 4 Inner Tracker Purpose and Requirements  Tracking device (NO charge / NO time measurements)  Low gas gain device High sensitivity head amplifier (few fC)  High density readout (pitch  650m / 35k RO channels) Low power FE  Most internal layer strip rate < 30 kHz DC restorer can be avoided  Expected input charge range: 10  50 fC  Stereo strips RO C in spread (1 pF ÷ 50 pF)  Very light device (kapton + support structure) R&D on detector - readout integration

5. KLOE II Inner Tracker - FEE Status Antonio Ranieri RD51 Collaboration Meeting Paris 13-15 October 2008 INFN-Bari S ervizio E lettronico L aboratori F rascati Ref GEM 5 Detector X-ray Test validation 6 keV X-ray gun CGEM in current mode 10x10cm 2 GEM used as reference (normalization for pressure/temperature effects) Gain and electron transparency measured Uniformity measured throughout the whole CGEM surface Prototype detector parameters

6. KLOE II Inner Tracker - FEE Status Antonio Ranieri RD51 Collaboration Meeting Paris 13-15 October 2008 INFN-Bari S ervizio E lettronico L aboratori F rascati Readout device parameters 6 Header (8+2 bits) Trigger Counter(5bits) Chip ID (9 Bits) Data (64 Bit) End Byte (8 zeros) 1 bit / channel KLOE DAQ timing “bunched” beam structure < 2  s (data RO) 200 ns (input signal spread – worst case) 96 bits to be read in < 2  s  acquisition rate 100 Mbps) 1.High modularity (64 channels) 2.Serial RO protocol (to reduce power consumption and cables) a.Copper link 3.RO clock only after trigger arrival (to avoid internal x-talk) 4.OR output (self-trigger capability)

7. KLOE II Inner Tracker - FEE Status Antonio Ranieri RD51 Collaboration Meeting Paris 13-15 October 2008 INFN-Bari S ervizio E lettronico L aboratori F rascati GASTONE device description Low-noise and low-power mixed analog-digital ASIC designed to satisfy IT requirements First 16 channel prototype already tested Second 16 channel release with protection network inside the chip will be mounted soon 64 channels proto beginning of 2009 CMOS AMS 0.35  m  16 Analog channels + 2 dummy channels  ~ 3.2x2.6 mm 2 die  complete digital section (64 chan)  QFP80 package (24x16 mm 2 )

8. KLOE II Inner Tracker - FEE Status Antonio Ranieri RD51 Collaboration Meeting Paris 13-15 October 2008 INFN-Bari S ervizio E lettronico L aboratori F rascati 8 Analog Section - 3 basic blocks (simulation) a charge preamplifier to integrate the input strip current into a voltage Internal test pulsing capability (10 fC) 1 a semi-gaussian shaper (CR- RC) circuit providing noise filtering 2 A leading-edge discriminator designed in fully differential mode AC-coupled with previous stage for reducing the channel to channel offset variations 3 typePre-amplifier (cascode configuration) Feedback capacitor150 fF Feedback resistor100 MΩ W/L aspect ratio500/0,5 gmgm 2.2 mA/V Bias current 110  A Pre-amplifier gain5.6 mV/fC @ C IN =0 pF Non linearity< 1% typeShaper (cascode configuration) Voltage gain4 Non linearity< 3% Bias current 110  A Peaking time @ C det =10  50 pF90  220 ns typeLeading edge Threshold range 0.5  200fC Bias current180  A

9. KLOE II Inner Tracker - FEE Status Antonio Ranieri RD51 Collaboration Meeting Paris 13-15 October 2008 INFN-Bari S ervizio E lettronico L aboratori F rascati 9 Digital Section - 4 basic blocks Discr 1 monostable max 1 µs width 1 Discr 64 monostable SERIALIZERSERIALIZER Data (RO) Trigger Ck(RO) 2 DATA RO SECTION Data Out Data In Reset Ck (SC) CONTROLLER DAC Vth x 4 DAC Monost. ADC Vth x 4 ADC Monost. 3 Pulse Odd 4 Pulse Even Mask CONTROL SECTION

10. KLOE II Inner Tracker - FEE Status Antonio Ranieri RD51 Collaboration Meeting Paris 13-15 October 2008 INFN-Bari S ervizio E lettronico L aboratori F rascati GASTONE Front-End Board 10 Main features: 2 chips/board (16 Ch (64) up / 16 (64) down) One serial readout line per chip 10 LVDS communication lines/board Clock readout signal (50 MHz) One mask register for dead channels OR output for 16 (64) channels for self- triggering HW ID for each chip 4 DAC + 4 ADC (8 bits) to set thresholds (one for 16 channel) 1 DAC (8 bits) + 1 ADC (8 bits) to set monostable output width Default threshold value (fC) set at “power-on” “Slow Control” section implemented to:  Set threshold value (8 bit DAC)  Set the monostable pulse width  Enable external pulse system  Enable internal/External pulsing system  Read back threshold values (8 bit ADC)  Read back the value for monostable width setting  Enable channel readout through an internal mask register About 600 chips plus 300 VFEB including spares are foreseen to fully instrument the final detector Dimensions: 30x95 mm 2 Gastone 16 chs Input protection circuit GEM strip inputs

11. KLOE II Inner Tracker - FEE Status Antonio Ranieri RD51 Collaboration Meeting Paris 13-15 October 2008 INFN-Bari S ervizio E lettronico L aboratori F rascati 11 Prototype testing 1.Charge sensitivity  Linearity 2.Uniformity among channels 3.Time-walk 4.ENC 5.Cross-talk 6.Threshold calibration curve 7.Pulse-width calibration curve (vs. Vmon voltage) 8.Functional test of digital section: a)Spi interface (write/read internal registers, DACs and ADCs) b)Data readout Measurements:

12. KLOE II Inner Tracker - FEE Status Antonio Ranieri RD51 Collaboration Meeting Paris 13-15 October 2008 INFN-Bari S ervizio E lettronico L aboratori F rascati 12 Prototype testing (II) Charge sensitivity, linearity and uniformity Gain sensitivity measurement

13. KLOE II Inner Tracker - FEE Status Antonio Ranieri RD51 Collaboration Meeting Paris 13-15 October 2008 INFN-Bari S ervizio E lettronico L aboratori F rascati 13 Prototype testing (III) Different threshold values: Th1 = 6.45 fC Th2 = 9.67 fC Th3 = 12.9 fC ENC sim = 395 e  + 51 e  /pF ENC meas = 974 e  + 59 e  /pF

14. KLOE II Inner Tracker - FEE Status Antonio Ranieri RD51 Collaboration Meeting Paris 13-15 October 2008 INFN-Bari S ervizio E lettronico L aboratori F rascati 14 Prototype testing: summary  24 chips assembled on 12 boards have been tested performing noise and gain measurements.  Noise measurements in the final setup (i.e. boards connected to the layer 0 readout strips) show a value of 974 e - + 59 e - /pF ≈ 0.6 fC (22 pF)  1.5 fC will allow good event selection.  The measured cross talk among adjacent channels is < 1% GASTONE parameters Input impedance 400  C det range0 ÷ 50 pF Number of channels16 I/ODifferential and serial Baseline restorerNo Total Gain sensitivity25 mV/fC Peaking time90 ns÷200 ns (C D =0 ÷50 pF) ENC (rms) measured on detector974 e - + 59 e - /pF Threshold sensing/setting8 bits ADC/DAC (16 chs modularity) Power consumption0.6 mA/Ch

15. KLOE II Inner Tracker - FEE Status Antonio Ranieri RD51 Collaboration Meeting Paris 13-15 October 2008 INFN-Bari S ervizio E lettronico L aboratori F rascati 15 Detector - FE Integration Input protection & strip reference network 10  10 nF 1.Wasting space on FEB 2.strip referred to GND  AC-coupling GASTONE 1’st release GASTONE 2’nd release 1.Input protection network inside chip 2.Strip DC-coupled and referred to in-MOS (  500 mV )

16. KLOE II Inner Tracker - FEE Status Antonio Ranieri RD51 Collaboration Meeting Paris 13-15 October 2008 INFN-Bari S ervizio E lettronico L aboratori F rascati 16 Detector - FE Integration Front-End faraday-cage Input connections Output connections

17. KLOE II Inner Tracker - FEE Status Antonio Ranieri RD51 Collaboration Meeting Paris 13-15 October 2008 INFN-Bari S ervizio E lettronico L aboratori F rascati Detector - FE Integration: test on CGEM GASTONE front-end board Written a new DAQ Performed noise measurements on chamber allowing the measurement of the actual readout strip capacitance diameter 300mm, active length 352 mm. (Kloe IT Layer1) GEM size: 450x1000 mm 2 (join of 3 GEM foils 450 x 333 mm 2 ) anode readout with 1538 strips (only X coordinate)

18. KLOE II Inner Tracker - FEE Status Antonio Ranieri RD51 Collaboration Meeting Paris 13-15 October 2008 INFN-Bari S ervizio E lettronico L aboratori F rascati Detector - FE Integration: cosmic ray setup Triple coincidence of scintillators for trigger 2 sets of drift tubes in streamer mode for tracking Load cell for CGEM mechanical tensioning 2 opposite zones are equipped with FEE 18

19. KLOE II Inner Tracker - FEE Status Antonio Ranieri RD51 Collaboration Meeting Paris 13-15 October 2008 INFN-Bari S ervizio E lettronico L aboratori F rascati 19 Detector - FE Integration: test at PS T9 beam detectors electronics rack beam line: 10 GeV pion beam 128 ch w GASTONE (0.5M evts) drift tubes in streamer mode for tracking

20. KLOE II Inner Tracker - FEE Status Antonio Ranieri RD51 Collaboration Meeting Paris 13-15 October 2008 INFN-Bari S ervizio E lettronico L aboratori F rascati Detector - FE Integration (preliminary)  (global) 2 =  (GEM) 2 +  (tracker) 2  (GEM) 2 = 250µm 2 – 140µm 2  200µm 2  (global) 2 =  (GEM) 2 +  (tracker) 2  (GEM) 2 = 250µm 2 – 140µm 2  200µm 2 GEM residuals with respect to the track reconstructed by the drift tubes GEM residuals with respect to the track reconstructed by the drift tubes 20 GASTONE

21. KLOE II Inner Tracker - FEE Status Antonio Ranieri RD51 Collaboration Meeting Paris 13-15 October 2008 INFN-Bari S ervizio E lettronico L aboratori F rascati 21 Pisa - 20/04/2015 Detector Integration (future implementation) Study of a possible arrangement of HV-connectors, gas inlets, mechanical support for FEE boards carbon-fiber shell gas inlets/outlets fiberglass FEE support HV connector signal connector kapton readout circuit FEE board ASIC

22. KLOE II Inner Tracker - FEE Status Antonio Ranieri RD51 Collaboration Meeting Paris 13-15 October 2008 INFN-Bari S ervizio E lettronico L aboratori F rascati  XV Readout Studies  Readout circuit with XV strips engraved on a single Kapton substrate  The readout prototype will be mounted on dedicated 10x10cm 2 GEM detectors to study and finalize the readout of the IT  old and new ASIC releases will be used  Two ground configurations will be tested  Production of bigger planar GEM detector and tests with GASTONE will then proceed X pitch 650 µm V pitch 650 µm 40° 1000 µm Current developments X strips and V strips on the same plane

23. KLOE II Inner Tracker - FEE Status Antonio Ranieri RD51 Collaboration Meeting Paris 13-15 October 2008 INFN-Bari S ervizio E lettronico L aboratori F rascati Conclusions 23  24 GASTONE prototypes (16 chs) have been produced and tested  IT layer 0 has been instrumented with 128 chs GASTONE prototypes  A GASTONE data readout system has been implemented and fully integrated with the RO SW used in cosmic ray setup and CERN test beam.  Spatial resolution of CGEM layer1 prototype has been measured with GASTONE giving expected results  The ASIC performances fulfill the requirements  Integration of input protection network (several tests will be performed to test tolerance to discharges)  Programmable test pulsing capability (0 – 50 fC)  25 chips (2’nd release) have been already delivered  We are waiting to receive the new FEBs  Lab tests will start soon and if successful the new FEBs will be mounted on the detector for new integration tests  Proceed with the 64 prototype (beginning of the next year) Next steps – GASTONE Rel. 2 Achievements Final steps – GASTONE Rel. 3

24. KLOE II Inner Tracker - FEE Status Antonio Ranieri RD51 Collaboration Meeting Paris 13-15 October 2008 INFN-Bari S ervizio E lettronico L aboratori F rascati SPARE SLIDES 24

25. KLOE II Inner Tracker - FEE Status Antonio Ranieri RD51 Collaboration Meeting Paris 13-15 October 2008 INFN-Bari S ervizio E lettronico L aboratori F rascati Q th = 3.5 fC “Smile” effect due to longer projected path of non-radial tracks GASTONE Cluster size