1. Filamentous Growth In Yeast According to the schedule, the professors lecturing in each section set the time for the exam. What I'd suggest is that when you meet the class next time let them know that the exam will be scheduled a week later than in the syllabus and that it will cover your lectures (Dr. Berry's two lectures will be included in the second exam). Then suggest a couple of evening exam times and see which time(s) work out best for the class. Finally, once you know what works out best, schedule that time for the exam. If needs be, we can schedule either C653 or C109 for the exam time with Candy in the office.

2. Filamentous Growth In Yeast Please print out the paper for next time

3. Filamentous Growth Saccharomyces cerevisiae (G. Fink) And fungal pathogens

4. Filamentous Growth In Yeast Ras Flo11

5. GAP = GTPase Activating Protein GEF = Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factor

6. T he conventional wisdom on genes goes something like this: DNA is transcribed onto RNA, which form proteins, which are responsible for just about every process in the body, from eye color to ability to fight off illness. But even as the finishing touches were being applied to the sequencing of the human genome (completed in April 2003), unaccountable anomalies kept creeping in, strangely reminiscent of the quarks and dark matter and sundry weird forces that keep muddying the waters of theoretical physics. Enter the science of epigenetics, which attempts to explain the mysterious inner layers of the genetic onion that may account for why identical twins aren’t exactly identical and other conundrums, including why some people are predisposed to mental illness while others are not. Scientific American devotes a two-part article to the topic in its November and December 2003 issues. To summarize: Only two percent of our DNA - via RNA - codes for proteins. Until very recently, the rest was considered "junk," the byproduct of millions of years of evolution. Now scientists are discovering that some of this junk DNA switches on RNA that may do the work of proteins and interact with other genetic material. "Malfunctions in RNA-only genes," explains Scientific American, "can inflict serious damage." Epigenetics delves deeper into the onion, involving "information stored in the proteins and chemicals that surround and stick to DNA." Methylation is a chemical process that, among other things, aids in the transcription of DNA to RNA and is believed to defend the genome against parasitic genetic elements called transpons. An 2003 MIT study created mice with an inborn deficiency of a methylating enzyme. Eighty percent of these mice died of cancer within nine months. A five-year Human Epigenome Project to map all the DNA methyl sites was launched in October 2003 in the UK. Epigenetics

7. 5-FOA Competitive Inhibitor of Ura3 URA3+ strains are dead on 5-FOA Ura3- strains are alive

8. Silencing Genes are Silenced (Transcriptionally Inactive) at telomeres (the ends of chromosomes) Proteins have been isolated that contribute to silencing (Sir2, Hda1) Hda1 is a histone deacetylase Chromatin Ips can identify DNA-binding sites