1. The Visual Arts in Numbers Data from a research report commissioned by the national Department of Arts and Culture The Human Sciences Research Council African Micro-Economic Research Umbrella, WITS

2. Overview Provides visual summary of key data deployed in main report Based on: – database research – detailed survey of over 350 artists, businesses and organisations – survey of museums and collections – desktop research on education and training and funding Unless otherwise stated, data is drawn from surveys

3. Key Indicators - Employment Employment Overall number of people working in the sector17 700 % Black58% % Women50% % Youth (less than 35 years old)53% Number of Full Time and Part Time Artists5 500 Average Annual Income (overall)R105 000 Average Annual Income (artists)R149 000

4. Key Indicators – Economic Impact Economic Impact Direct Turnover (Sector)R1 858 775 133 Turnover (Artists)R665 233 552 Gross Value Added (Sector)R791 606 615 Gross Value Added (Artists)R251 271 658 Total Contribution to GDP (Direct + Indirect GVA for Sector) R1 504 052 569 Exclusions: Auction houses (estimated additional R250 million turnover in 2008/9 Public art museums and collections (estimated R70 million expenditure) Tertiary art schools Activities of amateur and recreational artists

5. Employment/Work Breakdown Employees and Freelance/Contract Workers (40% Full Time; 33% Part Time; 27% Contract/Short Term) 9 425 Senior Management1 456 Middle Management1 136 Specialist/Technical Staff3 066 Ancillary and Support Staff2 244 Volunteers1 523 Professional Artists5 500 Full time (more than 70% of time on core creative activity)1 045 Part time (less than 70% of time spent on core creative activity)4 455 People Who Work for Artists2 783 Administration715 Assistants1661 Specialised Staff407 TOTAL17 708

6. Distribution of the Industry

7. Distribution - Businesses and Organisations

8. Distribution - Artists

9. Infrastructure Map Western Cape 41% Cape Town 20,5% KZN 9% Eastern Cape 7% Gauteng 32% Northern Cape 0,5% Mpumalanga 3% North West 2% Free State 4% Limpopo 3% City of Johannesburg 20,5%

10. Industry Spread - Urban/Rural

11. Data Related to Supply and Demand

12. Attendance – Art Museums and Collections SOUTH AFRICAAverage number of visitorsTotal Public Museums58 8231 058 814 University Galleries8 617103 404 Private Museums6 54091 560 TOTAL33 3741 253 778 INTERNATIONAL (2008/9)Total Tate Modern5 million National Gallery of Australia (Canberra)501 484 Museum for the Contemporary Arts (Mozambique)5 631

13. BASA ArtsTrack Research 39% of black respondents attend art exhibitions, on average 2.6 times per year 45% of white respondents attend art exhibitions, on average 2.7 times per year 34% of asian/coloured respondents attend art exhibitions, on average 3 times per year 3.18 million adult South Africans are ‘extremely interested’ in the visual arts with 2.4 million of these being black South Africans

14. Trade Events EventExhibitorsAttendanceAttendee/Ex hibitor Ratio Joburg Art Fair 20102310 000435:1 Art Amsterdam 200913524 000178:1 Design Indaba (Cape Town) 2010 28735 000122:1 Decorex Cape Town 201034035 200104:1

15. Average Price of Artworks (Galleries)

16. Average Price of Artworks (Artists)

17. Target Consumers (Commercial and Non Commercial Galleries)

18. Most Significant Market - Geography

19. Market Segment – Galleries and Dealers

20. Commission Charged by Galleries

21. Galleries – Cost of Space Per MonthCommercialNon-CommercialOverall N23831 meanR12,403R10,441R11,897 medianR7,000R6,750R7,000 minR750R384 maxR50,965R33,000R50,965 Per m 2 CommercialNon-commercialOverall N23831 meanR114R101R111 medianR63R79R66 minR5R1 maxR378R367R378

22. Galleries – Perception of Market Just less than half of respondents - 49% (17/35) - indicated tourists as being a significant target market. 43% (20/47) of organisations with a gallery space reported exhibition openings as being the most important opportunity for making sales; with 28% reporting casual daytime sales and 21% reporting special viewings as being the most important context for making sales. The majority (46% or 16/35) regarded networking and word of mouth as being the most important method of marketing their products and services, with the physical position of the business and on-line presence also featuring as significant primary methods of marketing work (both being indicated by 18% of the respondents) An on-line presence and digital communication was indicated as being the most significant secondary method of marketing work by the great majority of respondents (48,5%), with a further 14% noting the importance of local media as a secondary method The majority of respondents were positive about growth in the market for their products and services, with 57% indicating ‘gradual improvement’ and 27% indicating ‘healthy’ growth in the market. 8% perceived the market to be stagnant, and only 6% and 3% of respondents perceived the market to be ‘in decline’ or ‘sharp decline’ respectively.

23. Galleries – Most Significant Constraint

24. Galleries - General 34% (12/35) of entities involved in the primary and secondary markets are owned/managed by women; 91% (32/35) of entities are owned/managed by white people most of the surveyed galleries are closed corporations (46% or 16/35), followed by PTY (ltd) structures (17%) and trusts (11%); 20% of the surveyed galleries are run without a formal company structure in place (sole proprietorships) 51% (18/35) of surveyed galleries have been in existence for between 1 and 5 years; 31% for 6-10 years; 11% for 11 to 20 years and only 6% for more than 20 years 43% (15/35) of surveyed entities have to pursue activities outside of the visual arts to supplement their earnings 77% (27/35) sell directly to consumers, the balance sell artwork directly to consumers and other businesses in equal measure.

25. Art Competitions Competition/AwardTotal valuePrincipal Sponsor/Sector Partner Spier ContemporaryR600 000 + residenciesSpier Holdings/Africa Arts Centre Standard Bank Young Artist Award (Visual Arts) Not knownStandard Bank Absa L’Atelier Art CompetitionR230 000 + return flight to Paris for winner ABSA/SANAVA MTN new contemporariesR50 000 + budgets for the development of new work for four participants MTN Sasol New SignaturesR100 000Sasol/Pretoria Arts Association Carrol Boyes Competition R90 000Carrol Boyes The PPC Young Concrete Sculptor Awards R85 000PPC Cement/Pretoria Arts Association Thami Mnyele Fine Arts AwardsR70 000City of Ekurhuleni Vuleka Art CompetitionR25 000 + return flight to Paris for winner Sanlam/Arts Association of Belville

26. Acquisitions Budgets Average acquisitions budget Estimated total no of institutions Extrapolated to Population Public Institutions228333184 109 994 University-based Institutions285000113 135 000 Private Institutions153334142 146 676 Total23736843R9 391 670

27. Business/Organisation Data

28. Scope Businesses, organisations and freelance professionals involved in: – Suppliers (equipment, materials, specialist service providers) – Education, training and development (NGOS, private providers – Presentation and Distribution (galleries, dealers, consultancies, etc) – Reception (publishers, magazines) Tertiary institutions, museums and collections addressed separately

29. Legal Structures

30. Years in Operation

31. Demographics of Ownership/Governance

32. Work Premises

33. Annual Income across Sample N (no of respondents)59 Mean/Average IncomeR2 006 880 Median IncomeR580 000 MinimumR10 000 MaximumR24 000 000

34. Firm Size (Income)

35. Firm Size (Employees)

36. Distribution of Income

37. Distribution of Expenditure

38. Workforce Demographics

39. Employee Level of Education

40. Artist Data

41. Scope Data presented for professional artists only Self-identification according to following criteria: – earned any portion of income from making artwork – exhibited a work or works of art in any context during the course of the last five years – created or been working towards a body of artwork during the course of the past five years – completed full-time study in the visual arts during the course of the past five years

42. Artists Income Black MaleBlack Female White MaleWhite Female ALL N71304781232 Mean (R)95 87667 669229 870180 007149 809 p2532 00019 40065 50060 00041 000 Median (R)60 00045 250145 000120 00090 000 min80040018 5005 000400 max800 000440 0002 000 0001 785 4672 000 000 median as % of mean63%67%63%67%60%

43. Artists Age

44. Race and Gender

46. Location – Urban/Rural

47. Perception of Impact of Location

48. Main Medium

49. Secondary Medium

50. Working Practices

51. Artists Level of Education

52. Art Education Experience

53. Exhibitions – past 5 years

54. Professional Achievements

55. Defining Moment as a Professional Artist

56. Legal/Employment Status

57. Work Premises

58. Scope of Work Activities

59. Allocation of Time

60. % of Time Allocated to Core Creative Activity – Race/Gender

61. Reasons for Not Spending Time on Creative Work

62. Primary Context for Selling Work

63. Secondary Context for Selling Work

64. Primary Market – Geographic Scope

65. Relationship with Gallery System

66. Primary Method for Marketing Work

67. Perception of Market for Work

68. Artists Income (Race/Gender)

69. Artists Income (Location)

70. Main Sources of Income

71. % of artists deriving income from different sources

72. % of all artists income derived from different sources

73. Artists Income (vs age)

74. Artists Income (vs time spent on creative work)

75. % artists unable to generate income for significant period during last 5 years

76. Tax, Medical Cover, Retirement & Insurance 59% of artists report paying some form of income tax Only 37% of respondents report belonging to a medical scheme, 19% to a hospital plan and 44% report having no medical cover 47% of all artists have made no provision for retirement (this is true of 64% of black artists) 48% of artists report having never taken out any form of insurance. The most common forms of insurance for artists are vehicle insurance (29%), travel insurance (21%), and insurance on the contents of their studio/offices (20%).

77. Most Significant Sector Development Initiative

78. Most Significant Challenges (in order of priority, out of 33 options) access to funding the high cost of materials and supplies lack of demand/buyers lack of industry promotion from government a shortage of exhibition/project opportunities locally and the high costs of staging an exhibition

79. Primary Professional Development Need

80. Secondary Professional Development Need

81. Future Outlook

82. Arts Education and Training Data

83. Schools – CSIR Research (2003) Survey of 3000 schools 60% and 80% of the schools included in the sample indicate that they have no adequate staff for Arts and Culture teaching for grades 0 – 7. Zero participation rates in arts and culture in the curriculum range from between 25% (grades 4-7) and 60.5% (girls participation in the arts in grades 10-12) between 78% and 89% of schools indicated that they have no staff able to teach arts and culture subjects at the grade 10 - 12 level. At all levels of the education system, educators from other learning areas in (say geography, or mathematics) have found themselves having to teach a learning area that they have no training or background in. at least 70% of schools do not offer arts and culture in the context of extra- curricular activities. 70% of schools indicated a complete absence of facilities for supporting arts and culture provision in schools 84% of schools indicated the absence of equipment and learning resources to support the implementation of the learning area.

84. Visual Arts Enrolement by Grade (2004-2009) of the 568 995 Grade 12 enrolments in 2009, only 7810 (1,7%) of these learners were enrolled in visual arts as a subject. Sources: DoE (EMIS). 2009. 2009 School Realities. Accessed at www.education.gov.za; Source: EMIS, Department of Education, Annual School Survey, 2004 - 2009www.education.gov.za

85. Visual Arts Grade 10-12 enrolemts by province (2009) Source: EMIS, Department of Education, Annual School Survey, 2004 - 2009

86. Visual Arts Tertiary Enrolments (2004- 6) Source: HEMIS, Department of Education, 2004 - 2006

87. Visual Arts Enrolments, by qualification (2005-6) Source: HEMIS, Department of Education, 2004 - 2006

88. Enrolments and Completions – Gender (2004-6) Source: HEMIS, Department of Education, 2004 - 2006

89. Enrolments and Completions – Race(2004-6) Source: HEMIS, Department of Education, 2004 - 2006

90. Intake in Further and Higher Education (2004-6) Source: HEMIS, Department of Education, 2004 - 2006

91. Funding Data

92. Grant Funding – All Arts vs Visual Arts (2008/9) Overall fundingALL art formsVisual Arts Visual Arts as % all Arts National Arts Council65 244 7105 640 6998,6 NLDTF/Lottery168 480 6244 011 5742,4 BASA, ACT2 873 500445 50015,5 International22 349 9223 331 95614,9 National DAC discretionary grantsnot known854 529less than 1% Provincial grants28 080 4581 172 0404,2 TOTAL287 029 21415 456 2985,4

93. Visual Arts Grant Funding – 2008/9

94. NAC Funding by Art Form - % of Funds (08/09)

95. NAC Funding by Art Form – % of Grants (08/09)

96. NAC Funding Across Art Forms (07-09)

97. NAC Visual Arts Funding by Province – Rand Values (07-09)

98. NAC Visual Arts Funding by Province – per capita Rand Values (07-09)

99. Overall NAC Funding by Province, per capita R Value (07-09)

100. National Lotteries Distribution Trust Fund (06-09) YearTotal Available Total AllocatedTotal Paid Total paid as % of available funds No of grants to the visual arts Paid to Visual Arts Organisatio ns/ Projects Visual Arts as a % of Total Paid 2005/6507 000 000228 800 000 45% 4 2 866 1391,25% 2006/7598 000 000235 000 000234 954 56839% 5 8 217 7133,50% 2007/8837 800 000170 300 00096 429 23212% 5 4 225 9564,38% 2008/9949 800 000263 800 000168 480 62418% 10 4 011 5742,38%

101. NLDTF – another view

102. Provincial Arts Councils (2008/9) Provincial Arts Councils2008/09 – ALL arts 2008/09 – Visual Arts Visual Arts as % of ALL arts Gauteng6 742 500190 0002,8 Western Cape10 147 595258 5702,5 Kwazulu Natalnot known Eastern Cape5 409 139383 5007,1 Free State5 000 000280 0005,6 Mpumalanganot known Limpopo00- Northern Capenot known North West781 22459 9707,7 TOTAL28 080 4581 172 0404,2

103. International Funding

104. International Funding, by funder (07- 09) - selection

105. Application and Success Rates for Artists No. Who Applied No. who applied as % of ALL respondents No. Successful % success rate as a % of ALL respondents % success rate as a % of respondents who applied National Arts Council 4418,02811,463,6 National Lottery 62,420,833,3 Department of Arts and Culture 239,462,426,1 Provincial government 104,131,230,0 Local government 41,620,850,0 Business Arts South Africa 52,020,840,0 Arts and Culture Trust 72,910,414,3 International Arts Funding Body 124,983,366,7 Private Foundation 187,393,750,0 Corporate sponsorship 114,562,454,5 Corporate funding 114,552,045,5 Patron 41,631,275,0 Arts organisation 114,583,372,7

106. Application and Success Rates for Organisations No. Who Applied No. who applied as % of ALL respondents No. Successful % success rate as a % of ALL respondents % success rate as a % of respondents who applied National Arts Council 1927101453 National Lottery 121771058 Department of Arts and Culture 162391356 Provincial government 131891369 Local government 7103443 Business Arts South Africa 152171047 Arts and Culture Trust 11153427 International Arts Funding Body 1825152183 Private Foundation 9135756 Corporate sponsorship 1521101467 Corporate funding 684667 Patron 685783 Arts organisation 462350

107. Views on Most Important Purpose for Arts Funding

108. Views on Secondary Priority for Arts Funding

109. Artists Views on Most Important Priorities for the Funding of Artists