1. unidad 1: etapa 1 Profesor Martin Bienvenido a Miami

2. el índice 1.Familiar and formal speech 2.subject pronouns 3.Ser 4.Infinitives 5.Gustar

3. Familiar and Formal Speech InformalFormal Use with… a) children /young adults b) people your age Use with… a) adults b) authority figures - parents - teachers - bosses - police officers Only used when you talk directly to someone or a group of people 1. You 2. Y’all (you all)

4. Familiar and Formal Speech Tu = You (familiar)Vosotros = Y’all (familiar) Vosotras = Y’all (familiar) Usted = You (formal)Ustedes = Y’all (formal) Spain All other countries Tu = You (familiar)Ustedes = Y’all (familiar) Usted = You (formal)Ustedes = Y’all (formal)

5. Familiar and formal materiales actividades 1.YouTube video = https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dVlkKvhUoS0https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dVlkKvhUoS0 1.¿Cómo estás? Vs ¿cómo está?

6. Activity 1 ¿Cómo está? Vs ¿cómo está? What would you use… A) ¿Cómo estás? o ¿Cómo está? 1.Your good friend Antonio 2.The father of your good friend Antonio 3.Antonio's little brother Felipe 4.Your best friend 5.Your teacher 6.Your classmates 7.Your father 8.Your mother 9.Your aunt or uncle 10.Your brother 11. A stranger that is your age 12.A stranger that is older than you

7. Infinitives 1.An infinitive is always a verb 1.In Spanish, infinitives always end in one of 3 combinations… a)AR b)ER c)IR 2.Infinitives never have a subject, they always mean “to do something.” a)Ex. To eat b)Ex. To run Notice, in the two examples above we do not know who is eating or running, the verbs do not have a subject.

8. Infinitives materials 1.YouTube video =https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=B3zEPjRdxmA Actividades 1. Which are the infinites?

9. Activity 1 Which are the infinitives? 1.Hablar 2.Hablamos 3.Bailas 4.Bailar 5.Comer 6.comáis 7.Correr 8.Escribir 9.Leer 10.Nadar 11.Patinar 12.Patina

10. S UBJECT PRONOUNS A pronoun is a word that takes the place of a noun.

11. W HAT IS A PRONOUN ? It’s a word used instead of a noun (or a phrase containing a noun) Example: `He', `it', `who', and `anything' are pronouns. When the pronoun is the subject (the person doing the action) of the sentence, it is called a Subject Pronoun. Example: B ob is swimming. H e is swimming.

12. W HAT ARE THE E NGLISH SUBJECT PRONOUNS ? SingularPlural 1 st personIWe 2 nd personYouY’all 3 rd personHe, She, ItThey

13. E NGLISH SUBJECT PRONOUNS AND THEIR S PANISH EQUIVALENTS Spanish subject pronouns are similar to English, but there are some differences. SingularPlural 1 st person I = Yo We = Nosotros (masc. / mixed) Nosotras (fem.) 2 nd person You (familiar) = TúY’all (familiar) = Vosotros Vosotras 3 rd person You (formal) = Usted He = él She = ella Y’all (plural) = Ustedes They (masc. / mixed) = Ellos They (fem) = Ellas

14. T HE FIRST PERSON SINGULAR PRONOUN “YO” “Yo” means “I” and is used in the same way as in English. Note that it is not capitalized unless it starts a sentence: Mi amigo y yo… Yo soy de Estados Unidos.

15. S ECOND PERSON SINGULAR PRONOUN T Ú Tú means you (familiar) Used when talking to someone that is familiar to you. We’ll learn more about this in a moment.

16. FORMAL YOU U STED Usted means you (formal) Used when talking to someone you should respect. Abbriviated: Capital U lower case d period. Ex: Ud. We’ll learn more about this pronoun in a moment.

17. 3 RD PERSON SINGULAR MASCULINE ÉL Él = he It is used when talking ABOUT a boy/guy/man. used in the same way as it is in English: Jorge es de Mexico. Él es de Mexico D.F. DON’T forget the accent mark. If you do, you are actually writing the Spanish word for “the” él = heel = the

18. 3 RD PERSON SINGULAR F EMININE E LLA Ella = she It is used when talking ABOUT a girl/woman. used in the same way as its English counterpart: Rosa es de Chile. Ella es de Santiago. Please pronounce it correctly. It sounds like (eh-yah) not (el-lah) Remember ll= y sound.

19. Use nosotros/ nosotras to talk about a group of people that includes you. In English we have one word to talk about “we,” but in Spanish, we distinguish between “we” masculine and feminine: Use nosotros to talk about a group of boys/men. Use nosotras to talk about a group of girls/women. Use the masculine pronoun if it refers to a mixed group: T HE FIRST PERSON PLURAL PRONOUN “N OSOTROS / NOSOTRAS ”

20. Y OU P LURAL = (Y’ ALL ) U STEDES Abbriviated Capital “U”, lower case “d”, lower case “s” period. Ex: Uds. Used to talk TO A GROUP of people. We’ll learn more about this pronoun in a moment.

21. 3 RD PERSON P LURAL MASCULINE E LLOS Ellos = They (masculine) It is used when talking ABOUT a group of boys/guys/men or a mixed group. Please pronounce it correctly. It sounds like (eh-yohs) not (el-lohs) Remember ll= y sound.

22. 3 RD PERSON PLURAL F EMININE E LLAS Ellas = They (feminine) It is used when talking ABOUT a group of only females. Please pronounce it correctly. It sounds like (eh-yahs) not (el-lahs) Remember ll= y sound.

23. YOU In English, one may say “YOU” or “Y’all”. These cover aspects of being singular and plural, masculine and feminine, formal and informal. In Spanish there are 5 ways to express “you” tú usted (Ud.) vosotros vosotras ustedes (Uds.)

24. Let’s look at the singular forms first. Each one has a specific time when it used. If you use the wrong one, it can be offensive to the person with whom you are speaking. D IFFERENCES – YOU: T Ú VS. U STED Tú = you (informal/familiar/friendly) Use “tú” when talking to people with whom you are on a first name basis. friends family small children people younger than you Usted (Ud.) = you (formal) Use “Usted” when talking with people to whom you should show respect. People in authority (police, teachers, bosses, etc.) Strangers Adults

25. In Spanish there are three ways to say “all of you” Vosotros Vosotras Ustedes (Uds.) The Vosotros/Vosotras forms are used primarily in Spain. We will not use vosotros/as in class, but you need to be aware of it. D IFFERENCES – Y’ ALL

26. The plural you form “ustedes (Uds.)” Is used differently in Spain and Latin America. Since we use Latin American Spanish in class, we will only use Uds. to indicate all forms of y’all. D IFFERENCES – Y’ ALL

27. R EVIEW Yo = I First person singular Not capitalized unless the first word of the sentence Used to talk ABOUT yourself Nosotros/as = we distinguish between “we” masculine and feminine Used to talk ABOUT yourself and friends Tú = You (singular, informal/familiar) Use it to talk TO a person that is a friend or family member Vosotros/as = Y’all (singular, familiar) Use it to talk TO a group of friends or family members. Él = he Don’t forget the accent Use it to talk ABOUT a guy. Ella = she Use it to talk ABOUT a girl. Watch the pronunciation. Uds. = Y’all Use it to talk TO a group of people Ellos = They (masculine) It is used when talking ABOUT a group of boys/guys/men or a mixed group. Ellas = They (feminine) It is used when talking ABOUT a group of only females. Ud. = You (singular, formal) Use it to talk TO a person that is due respect.

28. S UBJECT P RONOUNS materiales actividades 1.Subject Pronouns Spanish to English (doc) 2.Subject Pronouns (combine the subjects) (doc) 3.Subject Pronouns (replace the subject) (doc) 1.Subject Pronoun notes (doc)

29. Ser I am Yo soyWe are Nosotros somos Nosotras You are Tú eresY’all are Vosotros sois Vosotras You are Usted es He is Él es She is Ella es Y’all are Ustedes son They are Ellos son They are (f) Ellas son Ser = to be Unlike English, you DO NOT need to use the subject pronouns

30. Ser In Spanish the verb “to be” has two translations. Both verbs are used in different circumstances. o Estar = to be o Ser = to be Estar = Is generally used with non permanent conditions. Ex. I am happy = Estoy aburrido. (I am bored) Feeling at the moment, subject to change Ser = Is generally used with permanent conditions or facts. Ex. I am a happy = Soy aburrido. (I am a boring person) Personality trait, not subject to change. We will focus on the form of Ser in this chapter.

31. Ser Primary Uses 1.Origin (to say where you are from) o Soy de Georgia = I am from Georgia 2.Facts (who or what) o John es mi amigo. = John is my friend. o John es policía = John is a police officer. 3.Personality traits. o Ella es inteligente = She is intelligent.

32. Ser materials activities 1.Text Book pg. 36, activity 9 (Descríbelos) 2.Text Book Pg. 36, activity 11 (¿Quién es Francisco?) 3.Text Book Pg. 37, activity 12 (Yo soy…) 4.Text Book Pg. 38, activity 13 (¿De dónde son?) 5.Text Book Pg. 38, activity 14 (¡Son de muchos lugares!) 1.PowerPoint and text book

33. El Verbo “GUSTAR” En español gustar =“to be pleasing” In English, the equivalent is “to like”

34. Spanish and English have a different way to express likes and dislikes In English we say: “I like Spanish.” In Spanish we say: “To me, Spanish is pleasing.”

35. Gustar is a special ‘ar’ verb Gustar is a special verb that has it’s own set of rules. It’s not conjugated like a regular –ar verb, so it does not follow the drop the ending rule. To say “I like” you don’t say “Yo gusto”.

36. To me = meTo us = nos To you (informal) = teTo y’all = os To you (formal) = le To him = le To her = le To y’all = les To them = les To them (f) = les To someone

37. I am pleasing = gustoTo us = nos You are pleasing (informal) = te To y’all = os To you (formal) = le To him = le To her = le Singular objects Infinitives To y’all = les To them = les To them (f) = les Plural objecss Someone or something is pleasing

38. How to use Gustar Me gusta = I like (To me, it is pleasing…) Te gusta = you like (To you, it is pleasing…) Le gusta= Ud./he/she likes (to him/her, it is pleasing…) Nos gusta = we like (To us, it is pleasing…) Les gusta = They like (To them, it is pleasing…)

39. Gustar grammar rules Here are the rules for using gustar. 1.To tell an object/things are pleasing to you. Me gusta + noun. Ex: Me gusta el apartamento. 2. If noun is plural you must use gustan: Me gustan los apartamentos 3. To say you like doing certain actions(verbs) Me gusta + infinitive Ex: Me gusta comer.

40. Dislikes To say something is not pleasing (not like) you place a NO in front of the sentence. No me gusta la casa = I don’t like the house No nos gusta el maestro = we don’t like the teacher

41. To ask what people like Te gusta vivir en la casa = You like to live in the house To make it a question just add ¿ at beginning and ? At end of the sentence. Example: ¿Te gusta vivir en la casa? = Do you like to live in the house? ¿Les gusta correr? = Do they like to run?

42. Making Le & Les gusta more specific Le gusta = he/she likes & Les gusta = They like To make it more specific you must start the sentence with “A” and then the person’s name. Example: Le gusta bailar = He/She likes to dance A Steven le gusta bailar = Steven likes to dance. A él le gusta bailar = He likes to dance.

43. ¿How do you say? “I like the teacher.” “The teacher is pleasing to me.” Me gusta la maestra.

44. “You like the boys.” “The boys are pleasing to you.” Te gustan los chicos. ¿How do you say?

45. “He doesn’t like to dance.” “To dance is not pleasing to him.” no le gusta bailar ¿How do you say? A él no le gusta bailar

46. “We like the dogs.” “Our dogs please us.” Nos gustan los perros ¿How do you say?

47. “They don’t like to skate.” “To skate is not pleasing to them No les gusta patinar. ¿How do you say? A ellos no les gusta patinar.

48. “They like Spanish.” “Spanish is pleasing to them.” Les gusta el español. ¿How do you say?

49. ¿Cómo se dice en español? I like to write. Elena likes to eat pizza. We don’t like to work. Carlos and Miguel like girls. Do they like to run? You like to swim? Me gusta escribir. le gusta comer pizza No nos gusta Trabajar. les gustan las chicas. ¿Les gusta correr? ¿Te gusta nadar?

50. Gustar materials actividades 1.Text Book pg. 39, activity 16 (Le gusta…) 2.Text Book pg. 40, activity 17 (Preferencias) 3.Text Book pg. 40, activity 18 (Me gusta) 4.Gustar (2 way conversation) 5.Gustar (translation) 6.Gustar (interview a classmate) 1.Jeopardy

51. Presentations / Introductions FamiliarFormal Te presento a…Le presento a… How to present someone to another person! There are 2 ways… After the a simply say the name of the person being presented ex. Te presento a Juan. = To you I present Jaun.

52. Presentations / Introductions materials activities 1.Text Book pg. 41, activity 19 (Presentaciones)