1. Distribution Strategies
Tujuan
Mengetahui strategi distribusi dalam mengelola rantai pasok

2. OUTLINE 1. Distribution Strategies Direct Shipment Warehousing
Cross-Docking
2. Central versus Local Facilities

3. Distribution Strategies:
Direct Shipment
Manufacturer or supplier delivers goods directly to retail stores
The retailer avoids the expenses of operating a distribution center
Lead times are reduced
On the other hand:
Risk pooling effects are ignored
The manufacturer and distributor transportation costs increase because it must send smaller trucks to more locations S R

4. Cross-docking Cross-docking S R CD
Example: JC Penny– 200,000 items, 20,000 suppliers. Each individual store is responsible for sales forecast and placing orders. Products are directly shipped to stores.
Cross-docking S CD R

5. Cross-docking Warehouse = inventory coordination point
From supplier to warehouse to vehicles serving to retailers
Very little time in storage---less than 12 hours
Distribution centers, retailers, and suppliers must be linked with advanced information systems to ensure that all pickups and deliveries are made within the required time windows
A fast and responsive transportation system is necessary
Forecasts are critical, and needs to be shared
Effective only for large distribution systems (enough volume to allow deliveries (full truck loads) every day, enough demand to send shipment to retailers (full truck loads) every day.

6. Example: Wal-Mar---85 % of deliveries through cross-docking (about 50 % for K-Mart). A private satellite communication system (POS data from retailers to vendors), a fleet of 2000 trucks, replenishment twice a week (almost zero safety stocks at the retail level—but lots of stock in transit)

7. Warehousing
Warehouses keep stock and supply retailers as demanded (traditional strategy) S W R S W R

8. Comparison

9. Central vs Local Facilities
Apakah fasilitas produksi dan gudang terpisah atau sentralisasi :
Faktor yang dipertimbangkan :
Safety Stock
Overhead
Economies of scale
Lead time
Service
Transportation costs

10. TUGAS Terjemahkan dan temukan point pentingnya
Direct shipment (Example : JC Penny)
Cross docking ( Example : Wall Mart)