1. ST. PETERSBURG, 24 APRIL 2009 EDGARDO GARCÍA LARRALDE SENIOR ASSOCIATE LIVING EARTH FOUNDATION 1 A PERSPECTIVE FROM LIVING EARTH FOUNDATION AGENDA:  WHAT IS LIVING EARTH FOUNDATION (LEF)?  LEF: VISION, MISSION, APPROACH, PARTNERS, EXPERIENCE  LEF’s VIEWS ON SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT  THE WORK OF LEF IN SAKHALIN (2005 - 2009)  KEY SD CHALLENGES: REFLECTIONS FROM LEF  LEF’S EXPERIENCE: EMERGING LESSONS AGENDA:  WHAT IS LIVING EARTH FOUNDATION (LEF)?  LEF: VISION, MISSION, APPROACH, PARTNERS, EXPERIENCE  LEF’s VIEWS ON SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT  THE WORK OF LEF IN SAKHALIN (2005 - 2009)  KEY SD CHALLENGES: REFLECTIONS FROM LEF  LEF’S EXPERIENCE: EMERGING LESSONS

2. ST. PETERSBURG, 24 APRIL 2009 EDGARDO GARCÍA LARRALDE SENIOR ASSOCIATE LIVING EARTH FOUNDATION 2 THE LIVING EARTH FOUNDATION (LEF) A non-profit, non-governmental organisation (NGO) Established in London in 1987 Overall goal: to contribute to shared learning and action for sustainable development Funding: mixture of public (mainly UK, EU) and private (corporations, donors) Main activities: environmental learning and action programmes; promoting/facilitating consensus building and partnerships for sustainable development; sustainable community development; training of trainers (active learning); production of education materials A non-profit, non-governmental organisation (NGO) Established in London in 1987 Overall goal: to contribute to shared learning and action for sustainable development Funding: mixture of public (mainly UK, EU) and private (corporations, donors) Main activities: environmental learning and action programmes; promoting/facilitating consensus building and partnerships for sustainable development; sustainable community development; training of trainers (active learning); production of education materials

3. ST. PETERSBURG, 24 APRIL 2009 EDGARDO GARCÍA LARRALDE SENIOR ASSOCIATE LIVING EARTH FOUNDATION 3 LEF: VISION “ Our vision is of a living Earth where people learn and act together to help sustain the systems and resources necessary for a fulfilled life.”

4. ST. PETERSBURG, 24 APRIL 2009 EDGARDO GARCÍA LARRALDE SENIOR ASSOCIATE LIVING EARTH FOUNDATION 4 LEF: MISSION “LEF’S MISSION IS TO TURN IDEAS INTO ACTION : WORKING WITH PEOPLE TO RESOLVE THE ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL ISSUES THAT CONCERN THEM ”

5. ST. PETERSBURG, 24 APRIL 2009 EDGARDO GARCÍA LARRALDE SENIOR ASSOCIATE LIVING EARTH FOUNDATION 5 LEF: KEY GOAL “Living Earth Foundation aims to develop partnerships that demonstrate how communities, government and businesses can work together to achieve common goals on social and environmental issues, through dialogue, negotiation and consensus-building”

6. ST. PETERSBURG, 24 APRIL 2009 EDGARDO GARCÍA LARRALDE SENIOR ASSOCIATE LIVING EARTH FOUNDATION 6 LEF: PARTNERS AND EXPERIENCE LEF works (or has worked in the past): in partnership with governments, civil society organisations, private corporations and institutions of education; in the UK (with schools, local governments, companies, universities, others); in Africa (Nigeria, Cameroon, Ghana, Uganda, Republic of South Africa, Equatorial Guinea); in Latin America (Venezuela, Brazil, Argentina); in Europe (Hungary, Bulgaria, Russia); In Iran. LEF works (or has worked in the past): in partnership with governments, civil society organisations, private corporations and institutions of education; in the UK (with schools, local governments, companies, universities, others); in Africa (Nigeria, Cameroon, Ghana, Uganda, Republic of South Africa, Equatorial Guinea); in Latin America (Venezuela, Brazil, Argentina); in Europe (Hungary, Bulgaria, Russia); In Iran.

7. ST. PETERSBURG, 24 APRIL 2009 EDGARDO GARCÍA LARRALDE SENIOR ASSOCIATE LIVING EARTH FOUNDATION 7 LEF APPROACH: AIMS AND PRINCIPLES CONTRIBUTE TO INCREASE LOCAL CAPACITY to implement sustainable development projects PROMOTE TRUST, CONSENSUS-BUILDING AND PARTNERSHIPS among key stakeholders CONTRIBUTE TO DEVELOP SOCIAL CAPITAL (i.e. the capacity of key social actors to coordinate efforts and to work together towards agreed goals) ACTIVE LEARNING METHODOLOGY: learning by doing and by sharing experience; reflective action; critical self- awareness; promoting dialogue and a culture of shared learning CONTRIBUTE TO INCREASE LOCAL CAPACITY to implement sustainable development projects PROMOTE TRUST, CONSENSUS-BUILDING AND PARTNERSHIPS among key stakeholders CONTRIBUTE TO DEVELOP SOCIAL CAPITAL (i.e. the capacity of key social actors to coordinate efforts and to work together towards agreed goals) ACTIVE LEARNING METHODOLOGY: learning by doing and by sharing experience; reflective action; critical self- awareness; promoting dialogue and a culture of shared learning

8. ST. PETERSBURG, 24 APRIL 2009 EDGARDO GARCÍA LARRALDE SENIOR ASSOCIATE LIVING EARTH FOUNDATION 8 SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT (SD)  CONVENTIONAL DEFINITION OF SD: THE INTEGRATION OF ECONOMIC, SOCIAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL GOALS  A BETTER UNDERSTANDING OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL DIMENSION  SD: GOAL AND PROCESS  LEF: A PRACTICAL PERSPECTIVE ON SD  CONVENTIONAL DEFINITION OF SD: THE INTEGRATION OF ECONOMIC, SOCIAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL GOALS  A BETTER UNDERSTANDING OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL DIMENSION  SD: GOAL AND PROCESS  LEF: A PRACTICAL PERSPECTIVE ON SD

9. THE INTEGRATION OF ENVIRONMENTAL, SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC GOALS SOCIAL: HEALTH, EDUCATION, PUBLIC SERVICES, FREEDOM, PEACE, JUSTICE, QUALITY OF LIFE ECONOMIC: INCOME, JOBS, GROWTH, TECHNOLOGY, PRODUCTION ENVIRONMENTAL: CONSERVATION OF NATURAL RESOURCES AND SYSTEMS, CONTROL OF CONTAMINATION ST. PETERSBURG, 24 APRIL 2009 EDGARDO GARCÍA LARRALDE SENIOR ASSOCIATE LIVING EARTH FOUNDATION 9

10. SD: HOW DOES THIS INTEGRATION WORK? SOCIAL ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENTAL ST. PETERSBURG, 24 APRIL 2009 EDGARDO GARCÍA LARRALDE SENIOR ASSOCIATE LIVING EARTH FOUNDATION 10

11. SD: THE PROPER VALUE OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL DIMENSION ENVIRONMENT ECONOMICS SOCIAL ST. PETERSBURG, 24 APRIL 2009 EDGARDO GARCÍA LARRALDE SENIOR ASSOCIATE LIVING EARTH FOUNDATION 11

12. A MAJOR SD CHALLENGE: THE EXTRACTIVE INDUSTRIES ST. PETERSBURG, 24 APRIL 2009 EDGARDO GARCÍA LARRALDE SENIOR ASSOCIATE LIVING EARTH FOUNDATION 12

13. ST. PETERSBURG, 24 APRIL 2009 EDGARDO GARCÍA LARRALDE SENIOR ASSOCIATE LIVING EARTH FOUNDATION 13 SD: GOAL AND PROCESS  SD AS GOAL: A SITUATION IN WHICH EQUITABLE AND INCLUSIVE SOCIAL, ECONOMIC AND ENVIRONMENTAL BENEFITS ARE ENSURED FOR THE LONG TERM  SD AS A PROCESS: THE PATHWAY TOWARDS THE GOAL - DEVELOPING THE UNDERSTANDING, SKILLS, RELATIONS, VALUES, ATTITUDES, BEHAVIOUR REQUIRED TO ACHIEVE THE GOAL (LEF’s APPROACH)  SD AS GOAL: A SITUATION IN WHICH EQUITABLE AND INCLUSIVE SOCIAL, ECONOMIC AND ENVIRONMENTAL BENEFITS ARE ENSURED FOR THE LONG TERM  SD AS A PROCESS: THE PATHWAY TOWARDS THE GOAL - DEVELOPING THE UNDERSTANDING, SKILLS, RELATIONS, VALUES, ATTITUDES, BEHAVIOUR REQUIRED TO ACHIEVE THE GOAL (LEF’s APPROACH)

14. ST. PETERSBURG, 24 APRIL 2009 EDGARDO GARCÍA LARRALDE SENIOR ASSOCIATE LIVING EARTH FOUNDATION 14 FOR LEF, SD AS PROCESS: THE ESSENCE IS ‘RESPECT FOR LIFE’ Respect for values, beliefs and traditions that may be radically different from our own (unacceptable to categorise others as “primitive” or “backward”). Acceptance of social and cultural imperatives (eg. to maintain harmonious relationships in specific social contexts). Respect for biodiversity and the acceptance of environmental imperatives. Respect for economic diversity. Respect for values, beliefs and traditions that may be radically different from our own (unacceptable to categorise others as “primitive” or “backward”). Acceptance of social and cultural imperatives (eg. to maintain harmonious relationships in specific social contexts). Respect for biodiversity and the acceptance of environmental imperatives. Respect for economic diversity.

15. ST. PETERSBURG, 24 APRIL 2009 EDGARDO GARCÍA LARRALDE SENIOR ASSOCIATE LIVING EARTH FOUNDATION 15 THE WORK OF LEF IN SAKHALIN  PARTNERSHIP WITH SAKHALIN STATE UNIVERSITY (SSU) SINCE 2005 ( MoU SIGNED IN FEBRUARY 2006 )  AIMS : DEVELOP THE CAPACITY OF SSU TO ACT AS PROMOTER AND FACILITATOR OF SD; BUILD CAPACITY (INFORMATION, UNDERSTANDING, SKILLS, RELATIONS) OF KEY SOCIAL ACTORS TO IMPLEMENT SD IMPLEMENT PRACTICAL LEARNING AND ACTION SD PROJECTS BASED ON MULTI-STAKEHOLDER COOPERATION CONTRIBUTE TO A SD STRATEGY FOR SAKHALIN, BASED ON MULTI-STAKEHOLDER CONSENSUS  FUNDING: PECE/DEFRA, SHELL INTL., SEIC  PARTNERSHIP WITH SAKHALIN STATE UNIVERSITY (SSU) SINCE 2005 ( MoU SIGNED IN FEBRUARY 2006 )  AIMS : DEVELOP THE CAPACITY OF SSU TO ACT AS PROMOTER AND FACILITATOR OF SD; BUILD CAPACITY (INFORMATION, UNDERSTANDING, SKILLS, RELATIONS) OF KEY SOCIAL ACTORS TO IMPLEMENT SD IMPLEMENT PRACTICAL LEARNING AND ACTION SD PROJECTS BASED ON MULTI-STAKEHOLDER COOPERATION CONTRIBUTE TO A SD STRATEGY FOR SAKHALIN, BASED ON MULTI-STAKEHOLDER CONSENSUS  FUNDING: PECE/DEFRA, SHELL INTL., SEIC

16. ST. PETERSBURG, 24 APRIL 2009 EDGARDO GARCÍA LARRALDE SENIOR ASSOCIATE LIVING EARTH FOUNDATION 16 LEF AND SSU SIGN PARTNERSHIP MoU

17. ST. PETERSBURG, 24 APRIL 2009 EDGARDO GARCÍA LARRALDE SENIOR ASSOCIATE LIVING EARTH FOUNDATION 17 LEF PROJECTS IN SAKHALIN TO DATE LEF-SSU COURSE ON SD FOR LOCAL AND REGIONAL GOVERNMENT OFFICIALS OF SAKHALIN (2005/2006) LEARNING VISIT TO SCOTLAND/SHETLAND ISLANDS BY 12 STAKEHOLDERS FROM SAKHALIN (MAY 2007) TRAINING PROGRAMME FOR SSU LECTURERS (2007/2008) COURSE ON SD FOR KEY STAKEHOLDERS FROM KORSAKOV (2007/2009) - TOWARDS PRACTICAL LOCAL DEVELOPMENT INITIATIVES (2009) LEF-SSU COURSE ON SD FOR LOCAL AND REGIONAL GOVERNMENT OFFICIALS OF SAKHALIN (2005/2006) LEARNING VISIT TO SCOTLAND/SHETLAND ISLANDS BY 12 STAKEHOLDERS FROM SAKHALIN (MAY 2007) TRAINING PROGRAMME FOR SSU LECTURERS (2007/2008) COURSE ON SD FOR KEY STAKEHOLDERS FROM KORSAKOV (2007/2009) - TOWARDS PRACTICAL LOCAL DEVELOPMENT INITIATIVES (2009)

18. ST. PETERSBURG, 24 APRIL 2009 EDGARDO GARCÍA LARRALDE SENIOR ASSOCIATE LIVING EARTH FOUNDATION 18 LEF’S WORK IN SAKHALIN: DESIRED IMPACTS INCREASED CAPACITY TO WORK WITH OTHERS, AND GREATER CONFIDENCE TO ACT TOGETHER, AMONGST KEY STAKEHOLDERS CLOSER LINKS BETWEEN REGIONAL/LOCAL GOVERNMENT, COMPANIES AND COMMUNITIES CONSTRUCTIVE DIALOGUE ABOUT LONG-TERM FUTURE, AMONG KEY STAKEHOLDERS STRENGTHENED SSU FACILITATES AND SUPPORTS LEARNING, DIALOGUE AND CONSENSUS-BUILDING FOR SD ENHANCED, CONSTRUCTIVE RELATIONS AMONG KEY STAKEHOLDERS STRENGTHENS DEMOCRATIC PARTICIPATION IN DECISION - MAKING PROCESSES INCREASED CAPACITY TO WORK WITH OTHERS, AND GREATER CONFIDENCE TO ACT TOGETHER, AMONGST KEY STAKEHOLDERS CLOSER LINKS BETWEEN REGIONAL/LOCAL GOVERNMENT, COMPANIES AND COMMUNITIES CONSTRUCTIVE DIALOGUE ABOUT LONG-TERM FUTURE, AMONG KEY STAKEHOLDERS STRENGTHENED SSU FACILITATES AND SUPPORTS LEARNING, DIALOGUE AND CONSENSUS-BUILDING FOR SD ENHANCED, CONSTRUCTIVE RELATIONS AMONG KEY STAKEHOLDERS STRENGTHENS DEMOCRATIC PARTICIPATION IN DECISION - MAKING PROCESSES

19. ST. PETERSBURG, 24 APRIL 2009 EDGARDO GARCÍA LARRALDE SENIOR ASSOCIATE LIVING EARTH FOUNDATION 19 THE PROCESS OF SD: KEY CHALLENGES  CONSENSUS  SOCIAL CAPITAL  LEGITIMACY  CONSENSUS  SOCIAL CAPITAL  LEGITIMACY

20. ST. PETERSBURG, 24 APRIL 2009 EDGARDO GARCÍA LARRALDE SENIOR ASSOCIATE LIVING EARTH FOUNDATION 20 CONSENSUS “Awareness on the part of members of a group that they share feelings, traditions, ideas or definitions in relation to a given situation” (from the Spanish definition in El Pequeño Larousse Ilustrado 1999) “Awareness on the part of members of a group that they share feelings, traditions, ideas or definitions in relation to a given situation” (from the Spanish definition in El Pequeño Larousse Ilustrado 1999)

21. ST. PETERSBURG, 24 APRIL 2009 EDGARDO GARCÍA LARRALDE SENIOR ASSOCIATE LIVING EARTH FOUNDATION 21 SOCIAL CAPITAL The capacity of different groups/sectors in a community, to: work together to create and maintain institutions, assets, services for the common good; develop shared visions, goals and plans; develop relations based on reciprocal trust. The capacity of different groups/sectors in a community, to: work together to create and maintain institutions, assets, services for the common good; develop shared visions, goals and plans; develop relations based on reciprocal trust.

22. ST. PETERSBURG, 24 APRIL 2009 EDGARDO GARCÍA LARRALDE SENIOR ASSOCIATE LIVING EARTH FOUNDATION 22 LEGITIMACY “ Legitimacy implies that people accept or follow rules, initiatives and laws because they consider them correct, right, reasonable, justified” Held, D. (1989) Political Theory and the Modern State. Essays on the State, Power and Democracy Legitimacy is culturally and historically determined Legitimacy is NOT legality (the two may be opposed) Perceptions are key Legitimacy is central to the development of trust “ Legitimacy implies that people accept or follow rules, initiatives and laws because they consider them correct, right, reasonable, justified” Held, D. (1989) Political Theory and the Modern State. Essays on the State, Power and Democracy Legitimacy is culturally and historically determined Legitimacy is NOT legality (the two may be opposed) Perceptions are key Legitimacy is central to the development of trust

23. BUILDING CONSENSUS: KEY FACTORS ST. PETERSBURG, 24 APRIL 2009 EDGARDO GARCÍA LARRALDE SENIOR ASSOCIATE LIVING EARTH FOUNDATION 23 VALUE/IMPORTANCE OF RELATION WITH ‘THE OTHER’ VALUE/IMPORTANCE OF ACHIEVING ‘THE GOAL’ + + ACCEPTANCE RESIGNATION INHIBITION AVOIDANCE IMPOSITION CONSENSUS CONCILIATION ACCOMMODATION

24. NEGOTIATION TO BUILD CONSENSUS ADVERSARIAL :  Based on the defence of ‘our interests against theirs’  Seeks to ‘defeat adversaries’  Fosters mistrust, fear, suspicion of ‘the other’  Creates ‘winners and losers’  Generates resentment, pain, frustration, desire for revenge UNDERLYING ASSUMPTION: “I must win and you must lose, because if you win, I lose..” ADVERSARIAL :  Based on the defence of ‘our interests against theirs’  Seeks to ‘defeat adversaries’  Fosters mistrust, fear, suspicion of ‘the other’  Creates ‘winners and losers’  Generates resentment, pain, frustration, desire for revenge UNDERLYING ASSUMPTION: “I must win and you must lose, because if you win, I lose..” CONSENSUAL: Seeks to identify and explore common interests Seeks to benefit all participants Promotes reciprocal trust Generates synergy Promotes conviviality, peace UNDERLYING ASSUMPTION: “We can all benefit. If you win, I also win; if I win, you win too..” ST. PETERSBURG, 24 APRIL 2009 EDGARDO GARCÍA LARRALDE SENIOR ASSOCIATE LIVING EARTH FOUNDATION 24

25. BUILDING CONSENSUS: KEY PRINCIPLES Build trust Share relevant information Focus on interests (not positions) Explore common interests - think creatively Build inclusive agreements Carry out and monitor agreements Build trust Share relevant information Focus on interests (not positions) Explore common interests - think creatively Build inclusive agreements Carry out and monitor agreements ST. PETERSBURG, 24 APRIL 2009 EDGARDO GARCÍA LARRALDE SENIOR ASSOCIATE LIVING EARTH FOUNDATION 25

26. BUILDING CONSENSUS: INTEREST-BASED NEGOTIATION POSITIONS: PRE-FORMULATED SOLUTIONS - designed to satisfy specific sets of interests; openly stated, often as inflexible ‘final offers’ during negotiation INTERESTS: UNDERLYING MOTIVATIONS - not always openly stated; include material needs, beliefs, values, expectations, fear, love, hatred ST. PETERSBURG, 24 APRIL 2009 EDGARDO GARCÍA LARRALDE SENIOR ASSOCIATE LIVING EARTH FOUNDATION 26

27. POSITION AND INTERESTS POSITION INTERESTS ST. PETERSBURG, 24 APRIL 2009 EDGARDO GARCÍA LARRALDE SENIOR ASSOCIATE LIVING EARTH FOUNDATION 27

28. INTEREST-BASED NEGOTIATION: HOW DOES IT WORK? POSITION OF ‘B’ INTERESTS OF ‘A’ POSITION OF ‘A’ INTERESTS OF ‘B’ COMMON INTERESTS SHARED SOLUTIONS VALUES BELIEFS EXPECTATIONSPOLITICAL DYNAMICS ST. PETERSBURG, 24 APRIL 2009 EDGARDO GARCÍA LARRALDE SENIOR ASSOCIATE LIVING EARTH FOUNDATION 28

29. DIALOGUE AND NEGOTIATION ST. PETERSBURG, 24 APRIL 2009 EDGARDO GARCÍA LARRALDE SENIOR ASSOCIATE LIVING EARTH FOUNDATION 29

30. BUILDING TRUST: KEY LESSONS FACE-TO-FACE ENCOUNTERS PLAY KEY ROLE WE NEED TO LEARN TO LISTEN TIMELY SHARING OF RELEVANT INFORMATION IS VERY IMPORTANT BUILDING TRUST TAKES TIME, PATIENCE IT REQUIRES SENSITIVITY, OPENESS, FLEXIBILTY COLLAPSE OF TRUST CAN OCCUR QUICKLY FACE-TO-FACE ENCOUNTERS PLAY KEY ROLE WE NEED TO LEARN TO LISTEN TIMELY SHARING OF RELEVANT INFORMATION IS VERY IMPORTANT BUILDING TRUST TAKES TIME, PATIENCE IT REQUIRES SENSITIVITY, OPENESS, FLEXIBILTY COLLAPSE OF TRUST CAN OCCUR QUICKLY ST. PETERSBURG, 24 APRIL 2009 EDGARDO GARCÍA LARRALDE SENIOR ASSOCIATE LIVING EARTH FOUNDATION 30

31. SHARING REFLECTIONS: LESSONS TRI-SECTOR PARTNERSHIPS CAN BE EFFECTIVE TOOLS TO PROMOTE SHARED LEARNING AND ACTION FOR SD LOCAL GOVERNMENTS HAVE A CRUCIAL ROLE TO PLAY IN PARTNERSHIPS FOR SD BUILDING CONSENSUS AND PARTNERSHIPS, AND DEVELOPING SOCIAL CAPITAL REQUIRES FLEXIBILITY, ADAPTABILITY, NEW SKILLS EDUCATION FOR SD ENTAILS PROMOTING CRITICAL THINKING, VALUES, COHERENCE - NOT TELLING PEOPLE WHAT TO DO TRI-SECTOR PARTNERSHIPS CAN BE EFFECTIVE TOOLS TO PROMOTE SHARED LEARNING AND ACTION FOR SD LOCAL GOVERNMENTS HAVE A CRUCIAL ROLE TO PLAY IN PARTNERSHIPS FOR SD BUILDING CONSENSUS AND PARTNERSHIPS, AND DEVELOPING SOCIAL CAPITAL REQUIRES FLEXIBILITY, ADAPTABILITY, NEW SKILLS EDUCATION FOR SD ENTAILS PROMOTING CRITICAL THINKING, VALUES, COHERENCE - NOT TELLING PEOPLE WHAT TO DO ST. PETERSBURG, 24 APRIL 2009 EDGARDO GARCÍA LARRALDE SENIOR ASSOCIATE LIVING EARTH FOUNDATION 31

32. KEY FEATURES OF EFFECTIVE PARTNERSHIPS VOLUNTARY PARTICIPATION OF PARTNERS ADDED VALUE TO WHAT EACH PARTNER COULD ACHIEVE ALONE PARTNERS AGREE SHARED VISION, GOALS PARTNERS AGREE/SHARE ROLES, RESPONSIBILITIES PARTNERS AGREE AND IMPLEMENT MECHANISMS FOR MONITORING, EVALUATION, DISPUTE RESOLUTION VOLUNTARY PARTICIPATION OF PARTNERS ADDED VALUE TO WHAT EACH PARTNER COULD ACHIEVE ALONE PARTNERS AGREE SHARED VISION, GOALS PARTNERS AGREE/SHARE ROLES, RESPONSIBILITIES PARTNERS AGREE AND IMPLEMENT MECHANISMS FOR MONITORING, EVALUATION, DISPUTE RESOLUTION ST. PETERSBURG, 24 APRIL 2009 EDGARDO GARCÍA LARRALDE SENIOR ASSOCIATE LIVING EARTH FOUNDATION 32

33. FINAL REFLECTIONS: RE-VALUING WISDOM “Victory creates hatred, defeat suffering. Wise persons do not seek either victory or defeat. According to the Law of the Universe, hatred, vengeance and reprisals only ensure that the cycle will continue” Samdec Prea Mojá Gosananda Cambodian Buddhist Monk (1929 - 2007) “Victory creates hatred, defeat suffering. Wise persons do not seek either victory or defeat. According to the Law of the Universe, hatred, vengeance and reprisals only ensure that the cycle will continue” Samdec Prea Mojá Gosananda Cambodian Buddhist Monk (1929 - 2007) ST. PETERSBURG, 24 APRIL 2009 EDGARDO GARCÍA LARRALDE SENIOR ASSOCIATE LIVING EARTH FOUNDATION 33